Fiber in Biological News

UC San Diego engineer provides insights to decades-old DNA squabble

... by chromatin. A loosely folded chromatin fiber allows easy access to DNA sequences while a tightly folded fiber prevents or inhibits such access. This ... along the chain lie side by side on the chromatin fiber also and thus the linker DNA connecting the two ...

New Report Just Published: World Solid-State, Fiber, Gas and Dye Lasers Market Report

... following Technology Types: Solid-State Lasers, fiber Lasers, Gas Lasers, and Dye Lasers. Further, the ... Scope of Study I-3 Solid-State Lasers I-3 fiber Lasers I-3 Gas Lasers I-3 Dye Lasers I-4 ... Diode-pumped, and Laser-pumped), fiber Lasers, Gas Lasers (CO2 Flowing Lasers, and ...

Diabetics on high-fiber diets might need extra calcium, report UT Southwestern researchers

... might depend, in part, on the amount of dietary fiber you consume. Researchers at UT Southwestern ... their urine when they consumed 50 grams of fiber a day than when they ate 24 grams a day. ... less of the mineral. "We already know that fiber helps improve your cholesterol and glucose ...

Scientists study how asbestos fibers trigger cancer in human cells

... by probing individual bonds between an asbestos fiber and human cells. Though any clinical ... force microscopy to observe how a single asbestos fiber binds with a specific receptor protein on cell ... are involved in the chain of events when the fiber touches the cell. Does the binding occur over ...

News from the October 2008 Journal of the American Dietetic Association

... of Dietary Fiber" Adequate intakes of dietary fiber help protect against cardiovascular disease, ... disorders. Usual intakes of dietary fiber in this country are only half of the recommended ... physiological effects, so it is best to obtain fiber from a wide range of sources. The American ...

Anabolic steroids provide a competitive edge in power lifting years after doping has ended

... relies heavily on muscle. The body's main muscle fiber types: type I, type IIA and type IIB. Type I is ... Human muscles occur along a continuum of fiber types. For power lifters, type IIB fiber, the ... add more nuclei to the muscle, and enhance muscle fiber size. The researchers examined data in two ...

MSU technology that converts plant fibers to biofuel commercialized

... and other plant fibers can be used to turn fiber from other plants into simple sugars. Mariam ... in a cow's stomach into a corn plant so the fiber in corn leaves and stalks can be more easily ... Breaking down cellulose and hemicellulose (the fiber that makes plant leaves and stems rigid) into ...

OSU technologies funded for development

... would be a licensee. Prabhakar R. Pagilla, A fiber Optic Sensor for Measurement of Web Lateral ... Pagilla plans to develop and commercialize a fiber optic sensing device to measure the lateral ... measurement of the web lateral position. The fiber optic sensor is based on light scattering from ...

Low exposure to asbestos-like mineral from Montana vermiculite may up lung disease risk

... increased levels of an asbestos-like mineral fiber that can become airborne and inhaled when used in ... X-ray changes associated with the low cumulative fiber exposure are a public health concern, Lockey ... pleural thickening at low lifetime cumulative fiber exposure levels, says Lockey. Weve discovered the ...

U of I researcher develops power-packed soy breakfast cereal

... (6.5 grams of it soy protein) and 5 grams of fiber into one serving of a cereal that people find ... requirements for the FDAs soy, high protein, and fiber health claims. Other products have used soy as ... be used as supplements to boost the protein and fiber content of other cereals. Because most ...

New techniques create butanol

... woody stems, straw, agricultural residues, corn fiber and husks, all containing in large part cellulose ... and chemical engineering, takes pre--treated corn fiber , a byproduct of corn-to-ethanol production, ... conducive to the conversion of the corn fiber to butyrate. Mixed culture magic ...

Monitoring water through a snake's eyes

... in the water, "seeing" water in the same way as a snake does. The special fiber sensors make it possible to monitor the quality of water in a remote ... can cut millions of dollars from the cost of testing water manually." The fiber sensors developed by Prof. Katzir are made of insoluble, non-toxic, and ...

Inflammation worsens danger due to atherosclerosis

... Atherosclerotic plaques consist of lipid cores covered by collagen fiber caps. These plaques can suddenly rupture, resulting in blood clots that ... One potential cause of plaque rupture is the thinning of the collagen fiber cap covering the plaque. Inflammatory cells are often observed at the ...

Lamin A/C deficiency is 'unnerving'

... January 12, 2009 print issue of the Journal of Cell Biology . Muscle fiber cells contain hundreds of nuclei. In normal fibers, several nuclei cluster ... the proper organization of the neuromuscular junction and disrupted muscle fiber innervation, says author Alexandre Mjat. The authors showed that either ...

Breakthrough optical technology to assess colon cancer risk, accuracy

... HealthSystem (NorthShore) and Northwestern University have discovered that fiber optic technology can for the very first time effectively measure blood ... Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute. The study used fiber optic technology to map microvascular blood content in patients during ...

Argonne scientists peer into heart of compound that may detect chemical, biological weapons

... light-transmitting compound that could one day be used in high-efficiency fiber optics and in sensors to detect biological and chemical weapons at long ... but not in other directions. This creates long, thin crystals--perfect for fiber optics but a headache to study by conventional means. "They are not ...

Highlights from the May 2008 Journal of the American Dietetic Association

... of servings from each food group. Increased Whole Grain and fiber Levels for Popcorn Eaters People who eat popcorn have an approximately ... daily intake of whole grains and a 22 percent higher daily intake of fiber than non-popcorn eaters, according to researchers at the Center for Human ...

Landon Foundation-AACR INNOVATOR Awards

... have demonstrated that it is caused by a genetic predisposition to mineral fiber carcinogenesis, a gene-environment interaction. Mesothelioma is a form of ... the likely cause of the epidemic and have reduced exposure to that mineral fiber throughout the villages. They will apply the AACR INNOVATOR grant to ...

Iowa State researchers help piece together the corn genome's first draft

... to develop crops that can meet societys growing needs for food, feed, fiber and fuel. This project is also a wonderful example of how Iowa State ... soils or boost yields so crops can meet growing demands for food, feed, fiber and fuel. In addition, what we learn from the corn genome will ...

Story ideas from the Journal of Biological Chemistry

... the one used to wrap up prey. In both types they uncovered a thin protein fiber with a similar structure to another known silk protein called AcSp1. When ... the mechanics of aciniform silk, but they propose that this thin fiber acts like twine to hold thicker silk fibers together. ARTICLE: ...

DOE-funded research projects win 46 R&D 100 Awards for 2009

... thus generating heating and cooling energy savings of up to 25 percent in residential buildings. (Jointly with Microtek Laboratories and Advanced fiber Technology) Mass-Independent Kinetic-Energy-Reducing Inlet System for Mass Spectrometers - permits high-resolution mass analysis of large, ...

What scientists know about jewel beetle shimmer

... "The Chrysina gloriosa beetle reflects a green light," said lead researcher Mohan Srinivasarao with Georgia Tech's School of Polymer, Textile & fiber Engineering. "This has been known for about 100 years, but we've determined the colors we see result from the beetle's physical structure rather than ...

Tires made from trees -- better, cheaper, more fuel efficient

... lead to a new generation of automotive tire technology, one of the first fundamental changes to come around in a long time," Li said. Cellulose fiber has been used for some time as reinforcement in some types of rubber and automotive products, such as belts, hoses and insulation but never in ...

New technique can fast-track better ionic liquids for biomass pre-treatments

... that once the EmimAc had dissolved the switchgrass biomass into its three components - cellulose and hemicellulose sugars, plus lignin, the woody fiber that gives strength and structure to plant cell walls the subsequent addition of an anti-solvent, such as water, resulted in the sugars being ...

Purple sweet potato means increased amount of anti-cancer components

... Analysis, which she said is a method that separates components. The potatoes were segregated by multiple traits based on flesh pigmentation and fiber contents. The analysis determined that the Kansas-bred potato had significantly higher anthocyanin contents compared to the other potatoes. The ...

Crustacean shell with polyester creates mixed-fiber material for nerve repair

... polyester creates a promising new material for the tiny tubes that support repair of a severed nerve, and could serve other medical uses. The hybrid fiber combines the biologically favorable qualities of the natural material with the mechanical strength of the synthetic polymer. "A nerve guide ...

Colon cancer screening technique shows continued promise in new study

... a proof of concept that this sort of analysis could be a minimally intrusive colon cancer screening technique. Further studies with a compatible fiber optic probe are under way for multicenter clinical validation. The work builds on previous success in using a suite of optical technologies to ...

DOE JGI releases expanded version of Phytozome.net

... WALNUT CREEK, CA - An enhanced version of Phytozome.net, a web portal for comparative plant genomics geared to advance biofuel, food, feed, and fiber research, has been released by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute (JGI). Phytozome provides a central "hub" for web ...

Healing wounds with lasers, vehicles that drive themselves, other cutting-edge optics

... of a projected 2-D image. To create this projector, twice the resolution of any that currently exists, the company had to develop powerful fiber lasers. These lasers, discussed in Forrest Williams' talk, may have uses for other projects, such as making anti-counterfeit identifiers or ...

New center at Georgia Tech aims to improve recovery of soldiers with severe injuries

... also investigating whether bone marrow-derived stem cells can be used in the body to heal large defects in bone and cartilage if they are inserted in fiber mesh scaffolds and silk sponges during a surgical procedure. Additional projects in the center include assessing tissue viability, preventing the ...

Progress toward artificial tissue?

... solution further cross-links the DNA, causing the fibers to become denser and more strongly connected. These spongy fibers resemble the collagen fiber networks of the biological extracellular matrix. They can also be knotted, braided, or woven into textile-like structures. This results in materials ...

Diuscovery in amber reveals ancient biology of termites

... most pervasive and successful insect groups, with about 2,300 known species, mostly in tropical settings, busily at work chewing wood or other plant fiber that protozoa help to digest. They have important ecological roles, helping to create habitat, build soil fertility, recycle nutrients and serve as ...

MIT: Making waves in the brain

... we were able to express ChR2 in different classes of neurons, allowing us to manipulate their activity with precise timing via a laser and an optical fiber over the brain," explains co-lead author Marie Carln, a postdoctoral fellow at the Picower Institute. The trick for inducing gamma waves was the ...

Researchers identify a molecule that increases the risk of cardiac insufficiency

... methods, we have found that the cardiac muscle in patients with cardiac insufficiency contains an excess of this enzyme as well as collagen fiber (which it produces). These factors are associated with the deterioration of cardiac functions," explained Dr. Begoa Lpez, Lead Researcher of the ...

Drinking 100 percent fruit juice is associated with lower risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome

... 19 and older juice consumers had higher physical activity levels and more favorable dietary intake patterns (including: lower fat intakes, higher fiber intakes, lower added sugar intakes). After taking these lifestyle factors into account, the inverse relationship between 100% fruit juice consumption ...

6 young ASU faculty earn NSF Career awards

... in his laboratory that led to development of a process that uses nanostructures to increase the strength of fiber-reinforced composite materials. fiber reinforced composites provide higher strength per weight than other structural materials, such as metals. The improved strength-to-weight ratio ...

A full-sized California-style home made of bamboo

... of using bamboo. Xiao's GluBam technology utilizes the modern processing procedures to integrate the round, non-dimensional bamboo into bamboo fiber reinforced composites, like plywood, which can be designed, sized and suitable for modern construction. The structural design of the ...

As good as it gets: Octogenarian muscles don't get stronger with exercise

... biopsies, the researchers isolated single muscle strands, both fast-twitch and slow-twitch. They measured the strength, speed and power of each fiber and examined the genetic profile of these strands. No change in muscle strength As a result of the exercise program, the octogenarians were ...

Researchers develop flow sensors based on hair structures of blind cavefish

... flow detection of several micrometers per second," said Tsukruk, who also holds an appointment in Georgia Tech's School of Polymer, Textile and fiber Engineering. "Adding the cupula allowed us to detect a much smaller amount of flow and expand the dynamic range because it suppressed the background ...

Regular family meals result in better eating habits for adolescents

... current national consumption data that identified dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, whole-grains, potassium, magnesium, vitamin E, and dietary fiber as problematic for this age group. Researcher Teri L. Burgess-Champoux, PhD, RD, LD, states, "These findings suggest that having regular family ...