fats in Biological News

Trans fats hinder multiple steps in blood flow regulation pathways

... Kummerow reports for the first time that trans fats interfere with more than one key enzyme in the ... point where it will stop blood flow." Trans fats contribute to both of these causes of heart disease, Kummerow said. Trans fats are made through hydrogenation, which involves ...

Bolivian rainforest study suggests feeding behavior in monkeys and humans have ancient, shared roots

... is poor in protein but rich in carbohydrates and fats (energy dense food) individuals will end up ... grams), whereas their intake of carbohydrates and fats varied between 0.7-6.2 MJ. The availability of ... consumed large amounts of carbohydrates and fats when protein content in the food was low, for ...

News from the February 2009 Journal of the American Dietetic Association

... Sources American consumer awareness of trans fats increased during a one-year period to 92 percent ... researchers found consumer awareness of trans fats reached awareness levels similar to the 93 ... The researchers noted news coverage of trans fats doubled from 516 print articles in May 2006 to ...

Women double fruit, veggie intake with switch to Mediterranean diet plan

... increased their consumption of "good" fats when they were counseled by registered dietitians ... monounsaturated fats, compared with the saturated fats and polyunsaturated fats that are more common in the United States. The ...

Diet prior to pregnancy determines sheep's gender

... ewes fed a diet enriched with polyunsaturated fats for one month prior to conception have a ... for this sex-ratio effect". Polyunsaturated fats are essential nutrients. It is believed that the dietary ratio between omega-3 and omega-6 fats has important biological effects, especially in ...

Fat: Its not what you think!

... to significantly reduce the amount of saturated fats they consume with the hope that they will be ... public has been misled into thinking that natural fats are unhealthy. In making her argument, Leas ... the book, Leas explains the science behind fats in a manner that the layperson can easily ...

Highlights from the May 2008 Journal of the American Dietetic Association

... Following MyPyramid Advice, Prefer Foods High in fats and Added Sugars Americans are not eating the ... consumers prefer foods that are high in solid fats and added sugars. The researchers used data ... vegetables and fat-free milk and much less solid fats and added sugars. The research also found ...

Iowa Staters talk biofuels, healthy oils and 'pharma crops' at AAAS meeting

... lower levels of fatty acids to help reduce trans fats after processing. Breeders have also developed ... acid. And plant breeders have decreased saturated fats and increased monounsaturated fats in canola, sunflower and corn oils to reduce the ...

Two dietary oils, two sets of benefits for older women with diabetes

... "Making this subtle change in the intake of high-quality dietary fats in an effort to alter body composition is both achievable and affordable ... suggesting that omega-6 fatty acids are among the polyunsaturated fats that should be consumed for heart health. CLA is found naturally in ...

Fighting obesity and illness with a novel approach to nutrition

... and stroke. Preserving the integrity of the food chain Omega-3 fats are a type of poly-unsaturated fat thought to play an important role in ... their meat and dairy products by lowering the level of fat and saturated fats and increasing the level of Omega-3. When the company conducted a further ...

Athletes not spared from health risks of metabolic syndrome

... with numerous risk factors. The guidelines recommend that saturated fats constitute no more than 7 percent of total calories, fats should constitute 25 percent to 35 percent of daily calories, and ...

For fats, longer may not be better

... (LPS). This study appears in the January issue of JLR . While dietary fats that have short chains (such as those found in milk and cheese products) ... be absorbed directly into the bloodstream from the intestines, long-chain fats need to be first packaged by the intestinal cells into particles known as ...

Scientists learn how food affects the brain

... effects of diets that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, diets high in trans fats and saturated fats adversely affect cognition, studies indicate. Junk food and fast ...

Coral's addiction to 'junk food'

... and the algae in turn use sunlight to produce junk food carbohydrates and fats for the corals to consume. Where it all breaks down is when heated ... as CO2 which is processed by the algae to reprocess into carbohydrates and fats using energy from sunlight, so they can feed. Its a beautiful recycling ...

Scientists associate 6 new genetic variants with heart disease risk factor

... researchers have associated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, two fats in the blood, to 18 genetic variants, six of which represent new DNA ... Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT. Cholesterol and triglycerides are fats known as lipids normal constituents of every cell in the human body. ...

Price of lower-calorie foods rising drastically, researchers find

... what they can afford is becoming unacceptably wide. If grains, sugars and fats are the only affordable foods left, how are we to handle the obesity ... were much higher for fresh produce and other recommended foods than for fats and sweets. Those studies were based on prevailing food prices in the ...

Researchers examine world's potential to produce biodiesel

... The ease of manufacturing biodiesel from vegetable oils and animal fats has made it one of the most promising, near-term alternatives to fossil ... having to react after the fact." Of all the vegetable oils and animal fats examined in the study, soybean and palm oil were by far the most common. ...

Freshwater fish at the top of the food chain evolve more slowly

... species feed on insects, snails, or small crustaceans, and others feed primarily on fish." In terms of nutritional value, fish are loaded with fats and proteins needed for growth, explain the researchers. "Fish make great fish food," says co-author Brian O'Meara of the National Evolutionary ...

DOE-funded research projects win 46 R&D 100 Awards for 2009

... can improve the heating and cooling efficiency in buildings. The new materials, composed of fatty-acid esters from sustainable plant and animal fats and blended with cellulose insulation, are the first phase change materials to fulfill all requirements in the U.S. flammability tests. The PCM adds ...

Fatty foods -- not empty stomach -- fire up hunger hormone

... CINCINNATINew research led by the University of Cincinnati (UC) suggests that the hunger hormone ghrelin is activated by fats from the foods we eatnot those made in the bodyin order to optimize nutrient metabolism and promote the storage of body fat. The findings, the ...

Researchers engineer metabolic pathway in mice to prevent diet-induced obesity

... from plants and bacteria," said Jason Dean, a graduate student on Liao's team and an author of the study. "We know plants and bacteria digest fats differently from humans, from mammals. Plant seeds usually store a lot of fat. When they germinate, they convert the fat to sugar to grow. The reason ...

NASA study says climate adds fuel to Asian wildfire emissions

... activities contribute to the growing fire emissions. Palm oil is increasingly grown for use as a cooking oil and biofuel, while also replacing trans fats in processed foods. It has become the most widely produced edible oil in the world, and production has swelled in recent years to surpass that of ...

Diabetics on high-fiber diets might need extra calcium, report UT Southwestern researchers

... of each six-week period. CTRC staff prepared both diets so that they contained the same number and proportion of calories from carbohydrates, fats and proteins, as well as an equal amount of minerals such as calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The high-fiber diet included ...

Lipid droplets lead a Spartin existence

... ( www.jcb.org ), Eastman et al. identify an unexpected role for Spartin in regulating the cell's lipid storage depots. Cells transport excess fats into lipid droplets (LDs), where they are kept until needed as sources of energy, but little is known about LD formation and regulation. Spartin ...

Synthesizing the most natural of all skin creams

... needed is lanolin, the oil found in sheep's wool, which is currently used as a skin treatment by some nursing mothers. The team isolated the fats which were the closest match to the measurements they had of VC, and used them to create a synthetic solution with the same behaviour. The ...

Evidence of earliest known domestic horses found in Kazakhstan

... B.C., in Kazakhstan. Researchers used a novel method of analyzing residue from fat-soluble lipids found on ancient Botai pottery to find traces of fats from horse milk, leading to the conclusion that people consumed horse milk at the beginning of the Copper Age some 5,500 years ago. Mare's milk is ...

Key to 'curing' obesity may lie in worms that destroy their own fat: McGill researchers

... Unlike other "hibernating" organisms, C. elegans maintains a degree of mobility during dauer by stocking up on energy in the form of fats or lipids which they store in special cells or reserves. "This allows them to live up to six months without eating, instead of the two weeks ...

Soybean grant gives researchers tools to unravel better bean

... products. However, the bean's protein is not balanced to the 21 amino acids humans need for a healthy diet. In addition, soybean oil contains trans fats after it's processed. On the agricultural side, an improved soybean variety would allow farmers to plant a crop that produces more soybeans using ...

New bacteria discovered in raw milk

... suspected to be infected with bovine tuberculosis. "In Israel, dairy companies estimate that cold-tolerant bacteria can cause a 10% loss of milk fats and proteins. When researchers looked at these bacterial communities, they found that 20% of the bacteria isolated were found to be novel species and ...

Scientists from Granada find a potential treatment to prevent diabetes and obesity

... of glucose, essential for diabetics". In addition, according to Mesa, "interleukin-6 also increased the expression of important genes related to fats metabolism, such as PPAR and UCP2. This suggests that interleukin-6 could be involved in the metabolic control of body weight". However, Vitagenes ...

Resveratrol prevents fat accumulation in livers of 'alcoholic' mice

... The study builds on previous research, which suggests that alcohol inhibits two molecules that play a role in cell signaling and the breakdown of fats in the liver: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). When alcohol inactivates AMPK and SIRT1, it allows fat to accumulate. ...

Models of eel cells suggest electrifying possibilities

... other researchers. Like the natural counterpart, the cells energy source would be adenosine triphosphate (ATP), synthesized from the bodys sugars and fats using tailored bacteria or mitochondria. ...

American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- Sept. 24, 2008

... composed of several key components, including lactose, a sugar that provides energy for the infant, and lipids, which are thought to provide healthy fats to infants. But scientists are just now beginning to understand the composition and function of many of the components of human breast milk. ...

Future for clean energy lies in 'big bang' of evolution

... electrons to carry the energy derived from sunlight onto photosystem I, leading to production of carbohydrates and ultimately also the proteins and fats required by all organisms. ...

New research suggests diabetes transmitted from parents to children

... of the original high-fat fed generation) could develop diabetes as well. In effect, exposing a fetal mouse to high levels of saturated fats can cause it and its offspring to acquire diabetes, even if the mouse goes off the high-fat diet and its young are never directly exposed. The ...

Limiting fructose may boost weight loss, UT Southwestern researcher reports

... at breakfast also changed the way the body handled the food eaten at lunch. After fructose consumption, the liver increased the storage of lunch fats that might have been used for other purposes. "The message from this study is powerful because body fat synthesis was measured immediately after ...

Cancer drug delivery research at Case Western Reserve University cuts time from days to hours

... ligands, giving it the appearance of a hairy ball, said Burda. These PEG molecules offer several advantages over other materials: they are soluble in fats and water, don't interact with proteins in the bloodstream and help protect the drug, keeping it safe and stable until delivery to the cancer site. ...

Synthetic molecules emulate enzyme behavior for the first time

... tests, researchers were able to cause a synthetic catalyst -- an enzyme-like molecule that enables hydrogenation, a reaction used to transform fats in the food industry -- to fold itself into a specific shape, or into its mirror image. The study appears in the June 25 issue of the Journal of ...

Substance in red wine found to keep hearts young

... aging. That finding, may also explain the remarkable heart health of people who live in some regions of France where diets are soaked in saturated fats but the incidence of heart disease, a major cause of mortality in the United States, is low. In France, meals are traditionally complemented with a ...

A Great Lakes mystery: The case of the disappearing species

... rice grain-sized crustaceans dwell on lake bottoms and feed on descending algal plankton. Their bodies contain 30 percent to 40 percent lipids like fats and oils, making them a vital energy and nutrient source for the entire food web. They are already gone from many large areas of lakes Michigan, ...