error

Computers to be used to find blueprint for new influenza drug

...g design. Normally drugs are produced by trial and error in a process that can take many years. Professor Williams and his colleague Dr Gus Ruggiero will use part of the grant from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council to buy computers with a combined power many times that of the most...

Gene variations explain drug dose required to control seizures

...ients often undergo a lengthy process of trial and error to find the dose of anti-epilepsy drugs appropriat...d to medicine in such a way as to reduce trial and error and improve quality of life for patients," he added. Epilepsy and seizures affect 2.5 million Ameri...

Bird Brains Show How Trial and Error May Contribute to Learning

...the forebrain that seems to generate the trial and error necessary to master sophisticated motor skills, such as singing in birds or speech and sports in humans. "It means this part of the brain is important for instructing or allowing changes in the song," said Mimi Kao, first author of a paper in the Fe...

New Drugs For Bad Bugs: UF Approach Could Bolster Antibiotic Arsenal

...t dose much faster than just by going by trial and error or by using some of the traditional ways.?/p> Consider one recent example: Derendorf led a series of laboratory experiments designed to evaluate an investigational, sustained-release form of a cephalosporin antibiotic. Ultimately the PK/PD approa...

Unchecked DNA replication drives earliest steps toward cancer

... primary observation is that an initiating genetic error can push a cell to divide relentlessly, leading to conditions of DNA replication stress. This stress leads to random errors in the DNA duplication process ?breaks in the DNA that disrupt genes, for example. Unless halted, this error-generating proces...

High fidelity keeps human DNA assembly line humming

... to correct the error. "We're able to show how an error will be sensed and corrected," Burton said. "The q...rrected during rapid RNA synthesis. To learn about error correction, Burton's team stalled the DNA conveyer belt. They did this using a deadly mushroom toxin...

High-powered gene profiles provide clues to genes involved in common form of lung cancer

...arcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma arise from an error in the same cell type and are driven to malignancy by similar genetic routes, the study authors say. Finally, the researchers compared their data for NSCLC with similar data for pancreatic cancer, and found that both diseases have some chromosomal i...

Life's origins were easier than was thought

...gside two Hungarian scientists, has shown that the error threshold, that is, the maximum number of errors that may occur during the replication process of ribozymes without this affecting its functioning, is higher than was previously calculated. In practice, this means that the first riboorganisms (protoc...

Errors in the measurement of global warming corrected

...reenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The key to the error in climate change estimates lay in instrument design, according to this study. With exposed sensors, measurement taken in daylight read too warm, and while solar heating had a measurable impact on the earlier designs, the effect became negligible in ...

Oceans turning to acid from rise in CO2

...o see how they calculated that, and their standard error - but as with the last article, don't panic just yet! Still, if it's a real trend, it could be alarming. Oceans are quite big... It takes a lot of acid to change its pH, I guess! A report issued by the Royal Society in the U.K. sounds the alarm abo...

UF study first to quantify validity of DNA I.D. tool using marine snails

...cation tool among brightly colored shells. With an error rate as low as 4 percent, two UF scientists have b...etermined that thresholds would yield a 17 percent error rate. Besides its benefits to ecology, DNA barcoding has some forensic applications, Meyer said. O...

Scientists crack 40-year-old DNA puzzle and point to 'hot soup' at the origin of life

...ns how the structure of the genetic code maximises error tolerance. For instance, 'slippage' in the transla.... "None of the older theories can explain how this error tolerant structure might have arisen." The new theory also highlights two amino acids that can be e...

Genetic testing still smart choice, despite uncertainties

...percent of the time we will be accurate. Again the error is not due to a technical mistake but to natural e...p too, Kovalinskaia said. But the small margin of error shouldn't stop couples from having preimplantation genetic diagnosis, said Jamie Grifo, M.D., Ph.D.,...

Scientists narrow the time limits for the human and chimpanzee split

..."No study before has taken into account all of the error involved in estimating time with the molecular-clock method," said Sudhir Kumar, lead author on the report, which was published early online in the journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The team describes its new statistical tech...

Picking particles faster than one at a time

...e same particles an expert would select with a low error rate, future refinement of the segmentation algorithm aims higher. By concentrating on the highest quality particles, crystallization in silico may need far fewer than hundreds of thousands of particles. "Jacqueline Milne of the National Cancer Ins...

Scientists develop protein-sequence analysis tool

...comparing sequences "manually" is labor intensive, error prone, and has become impractical for those who wish to take advantage of the increasing number of sequences in protein databases, Shanklin said. "Yet this growing data resource contains a wealth of information for structure-function studies and for...

Pitt professor's theory of evolution gets boost from cell research

...ous kinds of proteins--whose jobs are to eliminate error that might get introduced and derail the functioning of their cell. For instance, some proteins work to keep the cell membrane intact. Other proteins act as chaperones, bringing molecules to their proper locations in the cell, and so on. In short, wi...

Parts of the Caribbean and Central America are likely to have less summer rain

... the majority of them do," Neelin said. "A slight error -- for example, whether the wind is flowing from a dry region into the convection zone, or whether the wind is blowing past the convection zone without going into it -- can cause one model to have a drought in a particular region, while another model...

Oops! Researchers publish new findings on the brain's response to costly mistakes

...ctive when a person realizes he or she has made an error that carries consequences ?for instance, losing mo...ecame much more active in response to a no-penalty error in the brains of a small group of OCD patients, compared to people without the condition. OCD is oft...

New method for identifying microbes

...ltures of microbes to identify species is slow and error prone as the culture conditions often screen out important members of the community. Sequencing entire genomes, while highly specific and informative, would be too labor intensive and costly. So scientists have been searching for ways to identify key...

Evolution of 'irreducible complexity' explained

...l selection. "Our work demonstrates a fundamental error in the current challenges to Darwinism," said Thornton. "New techniques allowed us to see how ancient genes and their functions evolved hundreds of millions of years ago. We found that complexity evolved piecemeal through a process of Molecular Exp...

Unusual mechanism keeps repair protein accurate

...ilar repair protein, DNA polymerase beta. "That error rate is too high," Suo says. "If the entire repair protein produced that many errors, it would cause more problems than it would fix." Next, the researchers made the entire protein and found that it could repair DNA as accurately as the comparison...

Robotic joystick reveals how brain controls movement

...-tune fine movements. The requirement for time and error explains why repetition of simple movements day after day is used routinely in rehabilitating partially paralyzed stroke patients and those with other brain injuries. To test the need for time in mastering muscle control, the research team designed ...

New approach to vaccine development provides potent, long-lasting immunity

...-tune fine movements. The requirement for time and error explains why repetition of simple movements day after day is used routinely in rehabilitating partially paralyzed stroke patients and those with other brain injuries. To test the need for time in mastering muscle control, the research team designed ...

Inheriting a tendency to brain infection

...s in France support the controversial idea that an error in a single gene is enough to dramatically alter an individual's susceptibility to certain infections. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) international research scholar Jean-Laurent Casanova and Emmanuelle Jouanguy of the Necker Medical Schoo...

Age-related changes in DNA repair illuminate the connection between age and genetic damage

...an be critical. Some repair methods are simple but error prone, whereas the more accurate methods have elaborate molecular requirements and are probably much slower. The new results show that the reproductive cells of young flies tend to use the rough-and-ready repair processes that do not involve exte...

Hospital-acquired infections -- Inevitable?

...te all of our hard work, medical care can never be error free," commented Dr. Nash about the widespread beliefs about HAI. "What we must strive for is care that is harm free. Changing our mindset will go a long way toward restoring the faith of the public and improving the overall quality of medical care i...

Newly discovered behavior in cancer cells signals dangerous metastasis

...s transition in cancer cells when they observed an error in "alternative splicing," a key element of the genetic copying program inside cells. Alternative splicing determines how the DNA is chopped into pieces and then reassembled. The order in which DNA is reassembled determines which proteins the gene pr...

Weighty viruses

... determining the masses of viruses had a margin of error of ±15%, which made them too inaccurate to ensure ... 80 and 300 nm—with an astonishingly low margin of error of ±1%. The masses of the viruses can, in combination with other analytical processes, be used to in...

Protein averts cell suicide but might contribute to cancer

... saves cells from self-destructing, but it is very error prone, which suggests that it may also play a role in cancer." Dpo4 is one of a family of enzymes called Y-family DNA polymerases that were first discovered about 10 years ago and are only now becoming understood. "These enzymes provide a sur...

It's OK for men with high blood pressure to have a drink or two, new study finds

...ancer Institute, and others, discusses measurement error in nutritional epidemiology studies. Because of the current limitations of procedures and reference instruments, the editorial writers say, "we cannot assume that corrected estimates of diet-disease associations in any single study are definitive." ...

Madagascan tropical forests return thanks to better management and well-defined ownership

...rest loss are still uncertain and a 50 % margin of error appears possible. However, scientists know even less about regeneration of tropical forests. "We now know a fair amount about the human social context in which tropical forest loss is embedded, but very little is known about the role of social ins...

How brain pacemakers erase diseased messages

...aid. "Therefore, it might take months of trial and error to find the optimal setting." Grill's new model promises to streamline the process. ...