epidemiology

Study: Soap And Water Work Best In Ridding Hands Of Disease Viruses

...ala and David J. Weber, professors of medicine and epidemiology at the UNC schools of medicine and public health; Dr. Mark D. Sobsey, professor of environmental sciences and engineering in public health; and medical technologist Maria F. Gergen-Teague. Dr. Gregory P. Samsa, a Duke University biostatistician, help...

Breast-Cancer Risk Linked to Exposure to Traffic Emissions at Menarche, First Birth

..., Calif. Jing Nie, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in epidemiology in UB's School of Public Health and Health Professions is first author on the study. "There is growing evidence that there may be times in a woman's life when exposures to potential carcinogens may be critical for breast-cancer initiation and develo...

US life expectancy about to decline, researchers say

...des combined," said Olshansky, who is professor of epidemiology in the UIC School of Public Health. The researchers also predict that the rapid rise in obesity among children and teenagers in the past 30 years will have life-shortening effects in the future -- perhaps enough to offset any improvements in longevi...

Leprosy microbes lead scientists to immune discovery

...from the molecular biology of AIDS vaccines to the epidemiology of cancer; from risk analysis to violence prevention; from maternal and children's health to quality of care measurement; from health care management to international health and human rights. ...

Insects, viruses could hold key for better human teamwork in disasters

...le of the civil engineer," Pena-Mora said. In the epidemiology area of their work, the researchers are looking at the spread of infectious diseases in human populations. In the entomology area, they are looking at honeybees' (Apis mellifera) collaborative decision-making process when selecting a new hive or fora...

Genetic links could unlock clues to leading cause of blindness

...cal School associate professor and director of the epidemiology unit of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, said studies conducted on 840 human twins have shown that genetics plays a significant role but not the only role. Even diet plays a big part, she said. Her own research with the National Eye Institute...

Male Combat Veterans Rank High In Heart Disease Risk

...hor Anne-Marie Johnson, M.S., a Ph.D. candidate in epidemiology at the University of North Carolina School of Public Health in Chapel Hill. Heavy drinkers were defined as those who reported consuming 14 or more servings of beer, wine or hard liquor a week. Heavy smoking was determined by calculating the subjects...

New tools used to control foodborne hepatitis A outbreaks related to green onions

...veillance to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of hepatitis A and facilitate rapid responses to outbreaks." ...

Use of Antibiotics for Acne May Increase Risk of Common Illness

...veillance to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of hepatitis A and facilitate rapid responses to outbreaks." ...

Large-scale Computer Simulations Reveal New Insights Into Antibiotic Resistance

...veillance to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of hepatitis A and facilitate rapid responses to outbreaks." ...

Disrupting Cocaine-memories To Battle Addiction

...veillance to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of hepatitis A and facilitate rapid responses to outbreaks." ...

Mosquitoes are more attracted to individuals infected with malaria

...h manipulation could have a profound effect on the epidemiology of disease and, if it is not considered, could lead to severe biases in the estimates of the intensity of malaria transmission. Citation: Lacroix R, Mukabana WR, Gouagna LC, Koella JC (2005) Malaria infection increases attractiveness of humans to mo...

Study uncovers placental microtransfusions lead to transmission of AIDS virus during childbirth

...pal investigator Dr. Steven Meshnick, professor of epidemiology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill... Public Library of Science. Besides Meshnick, UNC epidemiology authors are Dr. Jesse Kwiek, a postdoctoral fellow; graduate student Alisa Alker; and assistant prof...

Do the Europeans turn ill sitting up so late?

... experimental and clinical research, and also in epidemiology and sociology. Simultaneously the trainees learn to work in an international research environment and can benefit from the large research network in the future." ...

'Virus chip' detects new virus in prostate tumors

...s really hard work." The team intends to carry out epidemiology studies to determine how widespread the virus is, how it is transmitted, and whether it causes any of the prostate tumors, or any other disease. The gene-hunting technique DeRisi and Ganem call the Virochip is designed to identify any virus sample ...

Ernst Mayr's theory illustrated in genetic epidemiology studies

...llustrated nicely in recent years in human genetic epidemiology and population biology studies. Alan R. Templeto... over the past few years including his own genetic epidemiology studies of coronary artery disease (CAD). "These recent results really show that Mayr's ideas were ...

Bocavirus infection may be associated with pneumonia in Thailand, especially in children

...es LRTI, the spectrum of clinical illness, and the epidemiology of HBoV infections still need to be defined. Fry c... of all ages is a unique opportunity to define the epidemiology of new viruses, "says Sonja Olsen, Acting Director of the IEIP and one of the researchers. The ...

Landmark discovery of a Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus receptor

... framework for integration of the cell biology and epidemiology of this clinically important virus." ...

UGA study explains peaks and troughs of dengue epidemics

... of the most important issues in public health and epidemiology in general." "Until now, it's been very much a single-host, single-pathogen type of framework," Rohani said. "Now with avian influenza being very much on everyone's mind, we're beginning to realize that the genetic diversity of infectious agents is...

Ultra low-dose estrogen shown safe for post-menopausal women

... associate professor of psychiatry, neurology, and epidemiology at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2004, study results from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), a nationwide longitudinal study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, indicated that estrogen was associated with an increas...

Higher risk for cervical cancer seen among women infected with multiple HPV types

...anco, Dr.PH., leader of the study and professor of epidemiology and oncology, and director, division of cancer epidemiology at McGill University. Like previous studies on HPV in cervical cancer, the new research found tha...

Bacterial protein shows promise in treating intestinal parasites

...ors of the study and a professor of pediatrics and epidemiology & public health at Yale School of Medicine. "We believe that Bt crystal proteins not only meet, but exceed these essential criteria." The discovery is particularly relevant to global health, because of concerns about the potential emergence of ...

Twenty Years of Malaria Research: Outcomes and Perspectives

...es on a variety of topics related to malaria, from epidemiology to therapeutics and from immunity to socio-economics. As the Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) in Mae Sot, Thailand, which borders Burma, celebrates its twentieth anniversary, its Director, Professor François Nosten, is able to reflect on the suc...

Male circumcision reduces HIV risk, study stopped early

...fections in men," said Robert Bailey, professor of epidemiology in the UIC School of Public Health and principal investigator of the study. The clinical trial, funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Canadian Institute of Health Research, enrolled 2,784 HIV negative, uncirc...

Firefighters face increased risk for certain cancers

...sed risk for cancer," says LeMasters, professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at UC. Firefighters are exposed to many compounds designated as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)--including benzene, diesel engine exhaust, chloroform, soot, styrene and formaldehyde, LeMaster...

Vitamin D deficiency widespread during pregnancy

...odnar, Ph.D., M.P.H., R.D., assistant professor of epidemiology at the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health (GSPH) and lead author of the study. "The numbers also were striking for their newborns ?92.4 percent of African-American babies and 66.1 percent of white infants were found to have ins...

Circumcision: A proven strategy to prevent HIV

... by University of Illinois at Chicago professor of epidemiology Robert Bailey. The study is published in the Feb. 24 issue of The Lancet. Researchers conducted a clinical trial enrolling 2,784 HIV negative, uncircumcised men between 18 and 24 years old in Kisumu, Kenya, where an estimated 26 percent of uncir...

Reminding doctors which antibiotics to prescribe cuts C. difficile infection rates

...m of improving the quality of research in hospital epidemiology to ensure it is robust enough to influence policy and practice, is intended to be an equivalent to the CONSORT standards and checklist for reporting of randomized controlled trials. Dr Stone says: "The quality of research in infection control must...

It's OK for men with high blood pressure to have a drink or two, new study finds

...others, discusses measurement error in nutritional epidemiology studies. Because of the current limitations of procedures and reference instruments, the editorial writers say, "we cannot assume that corrected estimates of diet-disease associations in any single study are definitive." ...

New host species for avian influenza identified

...mation on the distinctions between the ecology and epidemiology of various global strains of the virus. An eight-year surveillance study, which included more than 36,000 wild migratory birds tested for low pathogenic avian influenza, details new data on host species, prevalence, and temporal and geographical var...

Experts predict Tamiflu could halve the pandemic influenza death toll versus no intervention

...ve plan in place,” said Arnold Monto, professor of epidemiology and influenza expert at the University of Michigan. “Tamiflu is active against all types of influenza virus and will be immediately available during a pandemic if stockpiles are adequate. The big question is, should we be stockpiling for treatment on...