Dissect in Biological News

Scientist brings 50 million year old spider 'back to life'

... Very High Resolution X-Ray Computed Tomography (VHR-CT) to digitally dissect tiny fossils and reveal the preservation of internal organs. Dr Penney, ... This is the first time the VHR-CT technique has been used to digitally dissect a fossil in amber and Dr Penney says it has the potential to ...

Reviews of microbial gene language published in special issue of Trends in Microbiology

... for biologists to explore gene function in the years ahead. Four of the papers in the special issue look at how Gene Ontology can be used to dissect the complex interactions involved when pathogens invade their hosts and lead to disease. They include descriptions of bacterial effector proteins, ...

American Society for Microbiology honors Deborah T. Hung

... Dr. Hung's research focused on the pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae infection by using chemical genetics and small molecular screening to dissect essential steps in pathogenesis. She published her findingsa new small molecule inhibitor of Vibrio cholerae virulence and intestinal ...

Scientists discover new genetic immune disorder in children

... and coauthor Daniel L. Kastner, M.D., Ph.D. "Moreover, the unveiling of this novel autoinflammatory syndrome provides us with a tool to further dissect the role of interleukin-1 in human biology and disease." ...

Pulmonary hypertension in children may result from reduced activity of gene regulator

... risk. Dr. Black is principal investigator on two new National Institutes of Health grants and co-investigator on a third with Dr. Fineman to help dissect the dysregulation. In a surgically created animal model of a congenital heart defect that causes too much pulmonary blood flow, they have already ...

Novel technique changes lymph node biopsy, reduces radiation exposure

... detected using a Geiger counter held to the breast to locate the lymph nodes. Then, the doctors surgically open the breast, follow the blue dye, and dissect the SLN," Wang said. Wang and Xia's technique allows the SLN to be imaged safely without radioactivity or surgery. A piece of tissue can then be ...

Novel technique changes lymph node biopsy, reduces radiaiton exposure

... detected using a Geiger counter held to the breast to locate the lymph nodes. Then, the doctors surgically open the breast, follow the blue dye, and dissect the SLN," Wang said. Wang and Xia's technique allows the SLN to be imaged safely without radioactivity or surgery. A piece of tissue can then be ...

Methods for studying DNA repair and protein modification are featured in CSH Protocols

... article, "Assay for Human Rad51-Mediated DNA Displacement Loop Formation." This reconstituted system provides researchers a biochemical means to dissect the mechanisms of the homologous recombination machinery. The protocol is freely accessible on the website for Cold Spring Harbor Protocols ( ...

Krumlauf Lab demonstrates modulation of gene expression by protein coding regions

... in helping to design tests and interpret data from large-scale analyses of gene regulation." Expanding on this work, their lab will continue to dissect the regulatory networks and integrate the genes that play a role in hindbrain development using evolutionary comparisons, bioinformatics approaches, ...

Patient-derived induced stem cells retain disease traits

... they do in the disease. This is the first validation of a human disease that we've modeled in a culture dish," he says. They can now begin to dissect what kills the motor neurons and why these cells alone are targeted in the disease. Past studies to understand the effects of the SMA-causing ...

Genes for 9 health indicators

... lipid levels. Cohorts are followed throughout their lives, gathering lifelong information about their health: these data will help researchers to dissect the complex causes of common disease, whether genetic or environmental. The current study might indicate genetic variants that influence early ...

September 2008 Biology of Reproduction highlights

... be due to adaptive changes in placental development that ultimately reduce placental function and compromise fetal growth. This is a novel model to dissect the mechanisms of how specific pollutants influence development of the placenta and fetus. These findings are important with respect to the possible ...

How to build a plant

... transformable, allowing the generation of many different mutant lines and genetic backgrounds. Hake and her co-workers have used maize mutants to dissect flower, grain, and leaf development in this and other grasses. For example, they cloned and characterized the barren inflorescence2 (bif2) and ...

Scientists rebuild ancient proteins to reveal primordial Earth's temperature

... adapt to the environmental conditions in which an organism lives. Resurrecting these since long-extinct genes gives us the opportunity to analyze and dissect the ancient surroundings that have been recorded in the gene sequence. The genes essentially behave as dynamic fossils. The team wanted to measure ...

Embryonic stem cell strategy advanced with UCSF finding

... cells of interest, says the first author of the study, Blelloch, an assistant professor of urology. There will be a much greater ability to precisely dissect the mechanisms of reprogramming and to identify the genes that will be most effective in transforming adult cells. Yamanakas strategy -- ...

Genome study shines light on genetic link to height

... length of both the limbs and spine in young children. HMGA2 has also been implicated in certain forms of cancer. Thus, further studies may help dissect the relationship between normal growth and the deranged growth central to cancer. ...

Elucidation of the genome for diabetics with DNA chips

... use of DNA chips, with a surface of only a few square centimetres, carrying almost half a million DNA mutations. Each of these chips can be used to dissect the entire genome of an individual. Initially, DNA from non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes and a family history of the disease was ...

Pooled data examines if SNPs add to breast cancer risk

... changes. He writes, "If common genetic variants modulate susceptibility to common diseases such as breast cancer, we now have excellent tools to dissect them." ...

A reason why video games are hard to give up

... measure based on Self-Determination Theory, a widely researched theory of motivation developed at the University of Rochester. Rather than dissect the actual games, which other researchers have done, the Rochester team looked at the underlying motives and satisfactions that can spark players' ...

Taking the wrinkles out of motoneuronal disease

... to directly treatmotorneuron diseases. "I first became interested in investigating neurotoxins because they are fantastic moleculartools to dissect synaptic mechanisms," Dr Meunier said. "The aim of our lab is to understand the molecular mechanism underlying neuronal communication. The legacy ...

CHAVI announces international search for genes affecting HIV response

... Ph.D., director of the Duke genomics institute. The combination of large population cohorts and state-of-the-art genome technology will allow us to dissect the genetic factors that contribute to disease." CHAVI also will establish an even larger cohort of HIV-infected patients in Africa and perform ...

Researchers identify genes in fruitflies that may shed light on human cancer spread

... a starting point for more detailed analysis of how those genes are involved in cell migration. Wang has begun to study some of these genes to further dissect their function. The researchers also hope to perform more whole genome analyses to identify genes that interact with those already known to play a ...

New method enables gene disruption in destructive fungal pathogen

... as the genome sequence of A. brassicicola is scheduled for completion in 2006. We now have in our hands a versatile method that will allow us to dissect the pathogen's nucleotide sequence information and establish the function of many of the individual genes in this filamentous fungus," said ...

Engineered heart tissue offers insights into irregular heartbeats, defibrillator failure

... in the developed world," Bursac said. "Yet, in humans and animals the anatomy is so complex that mechanisms of such arrhythmias are difficult to dissect systematically." In their study, Bursac and his colleagues created a simpler version of cardiac tissue using cells from the heart ventricles of ...

Advanced genomics and proteomics improve the diagnosis and treatment of a deadly lung disease

... events of development. The new insights arise from the first clear molecular images of the structure of Dicer, an enzyme that enables cells to dissect genetic material precisely. The finding, which is reported in the January 13, 2005, issue of the journal Science by an HHMI research team at the ...

Molecule does more than slice and dice RNA

... events of development. The new insights arise from the first clear molecular images of the structure of Dicer, an enzyme that enables cells to dissect genetic material precisely. The finding, which is reported in the January 13, 2005, issue of the journal Science by an HHMI research team at the ...

New RNAi tools enable systematic studies of gene function

... As described in the March 24 issue of Cell, this library consists of small RNA molecules that can switch off genes individually, allowing the user to dissect the genetic underpinnings of normal biology and disease. These RNA-interference (RNAi)-based gene inhibitors are packaged in lentiviruses, enabling ...

Picking apart how neurons learn

... that phosphorylation is an essential step toward LTD. With these three different mouse populations in hand, the research team is poised to further dissect the molecular mechanisms behind learning. "The next step is to determine whether LTD is crucial for motor learning, the so-called holy grail in the ...

Scientists learn to predict protein-stabilizing ability of small molecules

... The camera and instruments are inserted through small keyhole incisions in the patient’s abdomen. The surgeon then directs the robotic instruments to dissect the prostate gland and surrounding tissue. Unlike standard laparoscopic approaches that require counter-intuitive ...

Penn Surgeons Use Completely Robotic Surgery to Successfully Treat Prostate Cancer

... The camera and instruments are inserted through small keyhole incisions in the patient’s abdomen. The surgeon then directs the robotic instruments to dissect the prostate gland and surrounding tissue. Unlike standard laparoscopic approaches that require counter-intuitive ...

Breast tumors in mice eradicated using cancer vaccine

... by other vaccine approaches. Paterson first hit on the idea of using Listeria as a cancer vaccine vector over ten years ago. "It took a while to dissect what elements of an immune response were best able to cause the rejection of established tumors," she says. "But in the last couple of years it has ...

New Scripps Oceanography project to study sediments and ecosystem restoration in Venice lagoon

... directly with the Adriatic Sea through inlets. A team of scientists with SIOSED (Scripps Institution of Oceanography SEDiment research group) will dissect and analyze key elements of Venice Lagoon's sediment through a program integrating geochemical, physical, microbial, toxicological and ecological ...

Random gene expression may drive HIV into hiding

... it might be effective to target the chemical modifications that Tat must undergo before it allows more HIV to be made. "When you quantify things and dissect them at this level, it gives you ways of exploring where your most vulnerable places might be." Commenting on the work in a preview article ...

Duke Chemists Isolating Individual Molecules Of Toxic Protein In Alzheimer's, Parkinson's Disease

... "When you start a normal reaction, molecules are free in solution so they interact with each other randomly," Akhremitchev said. "If you want to dissect the process, you would rather want to study interactions individually." Thus, the Duke chemists capture individual monomers at the end of long ...