Damage in Biological News

Holding breath for several minutes elevates marker for brain damage

... of whether lengthy apnea (breath-holding) can damage the brain over the long term. "The results ... apnea diving events, could cause neurological damage over time. The researchers recommended further ... The study is "Increased serum levels of the brain damage marker S100B after apnea in trained breath-hold ...

Experimental treatment halts hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in newborns

... and blood flow deprivation stops a type of brain damage that is a leading cause of cerebral palsy, mental ... activator (tPA), prevents progressive brain damage triggered by the lack of oxygen and blood supply. ... activation of matrix metalloproteinases and damage to the blood-brain barrier. The researchers also ...

Scientists track impact of DNA damage in the developing brain

... as cerebellar interneurons are targeted for DNA damage and are a likely source of neurological problems ... be important for understanding the role the DNA damage response plays in preventing neurological ... investigators report that with time DNA damage accumulates throughout the nervous system. Some ...

Bad mitochondria may actually be good for you

... Normally, SOD2-defective mice accumulate cellular damage quickly, yet when combined with MCLK1-defiency, they exhibited less damage and oxidative stress. In explaining this ... while these mice may have some higher risks of damage while young, they accumulate ...

Scientists link immune system's natural killer cells to infant liver disease

... where blocked bile ducts can cause severe liver damage and death. Researchers at Cincinnati ... helps NK cells attack bile duct tissues lessens damage and may be a way to treat the most common cause ... and depleted the number of NK cells, it prevented damage to bile duct surface tissues, even with the ...

Genetically engineered mice yield clues to 'knocking out' cancer

... such as free radicals and peroxides. The damage levied on DNA by these compounds can include ... for accurate and reproducible assessments of DNA damage and repair and contribute to understanding the role of oxidatively induced DNA damage and its repair in carcinogenesis. Future studies ...

Singapore nanotechnology combats fatal brain infections

... hearing loss, learning disability and brain damage in patients. IBN's peptide nanoparticles, on ... cell death. For example, the nanoparticles cause damage to bacteria cell walls and prevent further ... nanoparticles are biocompatible and cause no damage to the liver or kidneys at tested doses. Highly ...

Natural seed treatment could drastically cut pesticide use

... sweet peppers cut by 70 per cent and caterpillar damage to maize was reduced by 38 per cent. Initial ... US. Their results showed clear reductions in pest damage with increased crop yields, and has led to the ... yield improvement due to the lessening of plant damage caused by pests is very exciting,' says Eda ...

The coming of biofuels: Study shows reducing gasoline emissions will benefit human health

... an LCIA for reduced gasoline use based on the damage to human health that emissions from gasoline ... or "DALYs," which is a combination of two common damage factors in LCIAs - years of life lost due to ... from about 5,000 to 20,000 DALY, with most of the damage resulting from primary fine particle emissions," ...

NAU discovery could help feed millions

... has never been available before, will reduce the damage rice-field rats cause in countries that depend on ... food supply," Mayer said. Rodents consume or damage up to 50 percent of pre-harvest rice crops. Due ... and Glenn Sipes at UofA, investigated potential damage caused to ovarian follicles in women exposed to ...

Glutamine supplements show promise in treating stomach ulcers

... may prove beneficial in offsetting gastric damage caused by H. pylori infection. Reported in the ... in the diet could protect against gastric damage caused by H. pylori ," says senior author Susan ... of Surgery at Harvard Medical School. "Gastric damage develops when the bacteria weakens the stomach's ...

Tree survival skills

... temperatures alone may be sufficient to severely damage or kill a transplanted tree; when these stressors ... fragile. The researchers observed visible damage of root balls during the study. "Based on the data, it appeared the majority of this damage occurred during the handling process. Results ...

Decreasing deer damage

... grower. Losses of trees and shrubs due to deer damage can amount to over $2030/acre per year depending on the species. To reduce damage and lessen economic losses, producers often turn ... to provide alternative solutions to deer damage to NTFPs are working to identify species of trees ...

Lithium may help radiation target cancer, spare healthy tissue

... mood disorder, also protects the brain from damage that occurs during radiation treatments. In ... offer a way to protect healthy brain tissue from damage that may occur during cranial radiation ... treated for brain cancers. Radiation-induced damage to the healthy cells of the hippocampus, a brain ...

UT Southwestern researchers probe kidney damage, protection in lupus

... DALLAS April 21, 2009 Kidney damage associated with the autoimmune disease lupus is ... in both mice and humans against a type of kidney damage caused by a different mechanism. For this ... subjects. The patients with lupus and kidney damage had klk genes that were different from those in ...

CSHL-led team identifies key decision-point at which cells with broken DNA repair themselves or die

... they must make a decision: either to fix the damage or program themselves for death, a process called ... as a network of internal alarms that detect damage to DNA packed tightly in the cell nucleus. In ... "I was interested in the fact that when there is damage to double-stranded DNA catastrophic damage, such ...

April 2009 Geology and GSA Today media highlights

... geodetic evidence for extensive, long-lived fault damage zones Elizabeth S. Cochran et al., Dept. of ... to active faults suffers an incredible amount of damage and cracking during earthquakes. Using seismic ... data, Cochran et al. have found a wide, sustained damage zone along the Calico fault, located in the ...

A missing enzyme conveys major heart protection in pre-clinical work

... stimulate the growth of blood vessels and limit damage from a heart attack as well as prevent an attack ... experiment had full heart attacks, suffering damage to their heart pumps and a lack of oxygen in ... would potentially decrease the amount of heart damage if a heart attack were ever to occur," Rockman ...

New link in liver cancer

... Liver damage can be triggered by various insults, including ... alcohol-induced cirrhosis. In severe cases, this damage can lead to cancer. A new study by researchers at ... results might help explain how chronic liver damage can eventually lead to cancer. ...

DNA repair mechanisms relocate in response to stress

... DNA repair enzymes for the cover. "DNA damage and oxidative stress are very closely related," ... example, the way radiation inflicts most of its damage on DNA is through oxidative stress. The more we ... or the mitochondria depending on where DNA damage is concentrated, the authors found. In contrast, ...

Alzheimer's disease therapeutic prevents long-term damage from TBI in pre-clinical studies

... studied in clinical trials appears to reduce damage caused by traumatic brain injury in animals, ... able to do-- prevent the long-term and continuing damage that often follows a serious injury to the brain. ... "necrotic" death of nerve cells, but this damage is often followed by a secondary wave of injury ...

Stem cells replace stroke-damaged tissue in rats

... it is possible to fill a hole left by stroke damage with brand new brain tissue within 7 days. The ... have been injected into the void left by stroke damage have had some success in improving outcomes in ... technology for treating stroke by repairing brain damage is getting ever closer to translation into the ...

Danger lurks underground for oak seedlings

... oak roots. Voles caused more than twice as much damage to white oak roots than northern red oak and black cherry, and more than six times more damage to white oak than black walnuts. The voles ... Swihart said. "We know pine voles can do a lot of damage in apple orchards, but there is little, except ...

Story tips from the Departments of Energy's Oak Ridge National Lab -- March 2009

... Oak Ridge National Laboratory study of structural damage from Hurricane Ike in 2008 shows that buildings ... and loading docks are more prone to hurricane damage -- even if the structure's construction meets ... for damages. Post-hurricane construction damage assessments to learn more about why the buildings ...

This grass is still greener

... golfers, equipment, and animals can also cause damage and discolor greens. In response to this ... performance, "This study indicates bentgrass damage resulting from winter traffic is limited to ... and concluded that, although bentgrass suffers damage and discoloration resulting from winter traffic ...

CSHL scientists discover how 'companion' cells to sperm protect them from genetic damage

... with instructions that protect sperm DNA from damage and thus help pass on a stable genome to the next ... DNA, disrupting normal gene function, causing DNA damage and genome instability. Transposons are kept ... to the next generation -- the ensuing DNA damage is restricted to these cells alone while the ...

Researchers identify a cell type that limits stroke damage

... existence of a type of cells that limits brain damage after a stroke. The study was recently published ... caused by head injury." Part of the brain damage occurring after a stroke is caused by the body's ... a stroke. They limit the extent of secondary damage by blocking the production of neurotoxins and ...

Trees won't stop tsunamis, scientists warn

... studies were released which claimed that the damage to coastal communities had been less in places ... or absence of vegetation and the extent of damage and did not take account of other important ... The team's analysis of the pattern of damage of the Boxing Day 2004 tsunami shows that many ...

American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- Dec. 17, 2008

... These next-generation antifreezes can decrease damage to organs caused by ice crystals, and thus ... the growth of ice crystals is a major cause of damage to cells, tissues and organs during ... About the size of a grain of rice, the beetles damage trees by boring into bark and depositing their ...

In just 5 years, gene discovery to clinical trial of potential treatment

... looks like an 80-year-old adult. HGPS' lethal damage occurs within the major blood vessels. The ... inhibitors (FTIs), that can prevent the cell damage caused by the gene mutation and thus might ... even reverse -- potentially fatal cardiovascular damage in a transgenetic mouse model of HGPS. Dr. ...

Queen's University biologists find new environmental threat in North American lakes

... laboratories, the team has documented biological damage caused by declining levels of calcium in many ... Having identified the calcium levels that would damage Daphnia in a laboratory setting, they worked with ... of calcium decline. "Our hope was to determine if damage was already occurring at key sites, and then see ...

Hypertension develops early, silently, in African-American men

... young and equally healthy and fit. The vascular damage they looked for included stiffening and ... at higher pressure) to organs. The pressure can damage the organs over time. Both groups healthy ... white men, also showed signs of early vascular damage that could lead to hypertension. For example, ...

Damage inflicted during cardiac attacks more widespread, MSU researchers find

... bloodstream during a cardiac attack or stroke can damage artery linings much further away from the site of ... that the flow of sharp-ended crystals in arteries damage the lining of arteries and decrease the ability ... and the branches representing arteries where damage is afflicted far away from the trunk. "These ...

Yale researchers unravel mystery of brain aneurysms

... been left to respond after the fact, once the damage has largely been done. Biden was one of the lucky ... who survived a ruptured aneurysm with minimal damage although at the time he was stricken, his ... with the ability to produce cells that repair damage to the blood vessels, suggesting a path forward ...

Grapes may aid a bunch of heart risk factors, animal study finds

... their bodies, and fewer signs of heart muscle damage than the rats that ate the same salty diet but ... but their hearts were not protected from damage as they were in the grape-fed group. Says ... also looked for signs of inflammation, oxidative damage and other molecular indicators of cardiac stress. ...

Stem cell research to benefit horse owners and trainers

... to repair tendon, ligament, cartilage and bone damage in horses. Dr Paul Verma, from the Monash ... stem cells preserved for individual horses. damage to tendons, ligaments, cartilage and bone are ... the risk of re-injury is very high. Bone damage also varies in severity, with the most serious ...

Seemingly suicidal stunt is normal rite of passage for immune cells

... the new finding is the first to link such serious damage to activation of genes not directly involved in ... "Not only is the cell's ability to repair DNA damage slowed down, the lymphocytes can't activate the ... self-destruct. Both mechanisms help prevent DNA damage from turning a cell cancerous. For years, ...

Genes that control cell death fingered in age-related hearing loss

... include sound exposure, medications that can damage hearing, the condition of the brain as it ... hunting, for example. Since many medications can damage hearing, patients should speak at length with ... cancer. Since conditions like diabetes can also damage hearing, heed the timeless advice to eat right ...

Anti-cancer drug prevents, reverses cardiovascular damage in mouse model of premature aging disorder

... even reverse -- potentially fatal cardiovascular damage in a mouse model of progeria, a rare genetic ... genetically engineered to develop cardiovascular damage similar to that seen in progeria patients. ... cardiovascular disease, it reversed the damage in mice that already had disease," said the ...

How to build crops that can beat aluminum's toxic effects

... required for monitoring of and response to DNA damage results in a profound increase in Al tolerance," ... he said. "This work clearly argues that DNA damage and response to this damage is paramount." ...