complement

A bacterial genome reveals new targets to combat infectious disease

...g-term symbioses, as the two partners increasingly complement one another's biochemical activities. Slatko and colleagues enumerate a variety of pathways that have either been degraded or preserved, and highlight patterns in the genome structure through comparisons with other bacteria. For example, Wolbachia c...

Agilent Technologies releases automated literature search tool for biology researchers

...roteomics and metabolomics for these diseases as a complement to Labs collaborators' work in genomics. Using Labs' systems biology informatics prototypes, Labs researchers have built qualitative biological models based on experimental data, scientific knowledge from published papers and curated biological netwo...

UF Researchers Map Bacterial Proteins That Cause Tooth Loss

...amont said. “We’ve identified the complete protein complement of the organism, and we’ve looked at how those proteins are expressed when the organism is in an environment that closely mimics an oral situation.?/p> To do this, Lamont and his colleagues compared the proteins secreted by P. gingivalis when gro...

Scientists solve structure of key protein in innate immune response

... have better chance to design a molecule that will complement the shape of the pocket." ...

Substance protects resilient staph bacteria

...us agent of anthrax, which also produces PGA--will complement their work. The report of the study, led by Michael Otto, Ph.D., will appear in the March edition of The Journal of Clinical Investigation and is now available online. Collaborators, all scientists at RML in Hamilton, MT, include Stanislava Kocianov...

Stanford gut check shows diversity of intestinal ecosystem

... done faster, Eckburg and Relman said they plan to complement this current approach with the use of microarray technology. The latter will allow them to analyze samples much more quickly. They have been working with biochemistry professor Patrick Brown, MD, PhD, and graduate student Chana Palmer to develop a ge...

Census of Marine Life explorers surprised by diversity, density of Arctic creatures

...vision in Hobart will lead the project, which will complement existing Census initiatives studying life at the world's deepest depths. During the main field phase, December 2007 to March 2008, the involvement of up to 200 scientists from about 30 countries is expected, together with several million dollars in ...

New miniaturised chip dramatically reduces time taken for DNA analysis

...sensors have a probe containing DNA fragments that complement the DNA they aim to detect. For example, to detect Salmonella in a sample of mayonnaise, the probe has fragments of the type of DNA that complements that found in a group of genes that identify the bacteria. When the probe is submerged into the mayon...

Excess liver gene protects against high-fat diet

...essel plaques exhibited by animals with the normal complement of receptors. Remarkably, in mice fed a normal, balanced diet, the excess receptors worsened blood lipid levels, the researchers reported. The findings suggest that natural variation among individuals in the quantity of the liver receptors might lea...

Proteomics brings researchers closer to understanding microbes that produce acid mine drainage

...aging of a community genome to obtain the complete complement of proteins produced by that community of organisms, said team leader Jill Banfield, professor of earth and planetary science and of environmental science, policy and management at UC Berkeley. This technique not only tells her and her colleagues wh...

Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance

...'s bedside in modern medicine. These two areas now complement each other and bench-to-bedside progress leads to more rapid advances that benefit our patients." The authors note in the New England Journal article, "The V2 receptor has been an important tool for understanding the physiology of water balance -- (...

New Discovery May Help Doctors Treat Infertility

...fferent methods, the in vivo and in vitro studies, complement each other nicely and provide more precise answers to the role that the estrogen receptor beta plays in ovulation,?said lead author Judith Emmen, Ph.D. The estrogen receptor beta is also known to respond to environmental and dietary chemicals that c...

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

...sized that such animal studies are a highly useful complement to human studies and genetic studies using mice. Neuroimaging studies in humans performing such tasks can identify brain regions involved in making decisions based on risk, he said. "And then, using these animals, we can do electrophysiological stud...

HIV Therapy Greatly Extends Life of Key T Cells, Scientists Find

...they encounter the same agent again. The new data complement clinical observations suggesting that IL-2’s effects on HIV disease progression may become apparent only in long-term follow-up, says Dr. Kovacs. Two large, long-term efficacy trials currently underway should provide a clearer picture of the clinical...

Marine bacterium suspected to play role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles

...tivation and cutting-edge molecular techniques can complement one another to achieve big advances in our understanding of the complexity of our global ecosystem." Kane says studies like these continue to highlight the importance of non disease-causing microorganisms and their critical role in our understanding ...

Scientists crack 40-year-old DNA puzzle and point to 'hot soup' at the origin of life

...no acids. Whether we could eventually reach a full complement of 64 amino acids I don't know, a compromise between amino acid vocabulary and its error minimising efficiency may have fixed the genetic code in its current format." ...

Solexa and collaborating scientists illuminate the small RNA component of the transcriptome

...reproducible and quantitative readouts of the full complement of activated genes and small RNAs, including genes expressed at low levels, without requiring advance knowledge of the genes or sequences of interest. Solexa performed this research in its Genomic Services business unit. The Company also intends to d...

Shade trees getting 'scorched' by plant disease

...rees, and design new tree plantings with a diverse complement of tree species. More on the symptoms of BLS and disease management options is available in this month's APSnet feature article at http://www.apsnet.org/online/feature/bls/ . ...

Normal chromosome ends elicit a limited DNA damage response

...ch ensures that each daughter cell receives a full complement of chromosomes would inevitably rip the fused chromosomes apart. "Such fusion breakage cycles scramble the genome over time, and cause genome instability, which is a hallmark of cancer cells," explains Karlseder. "This demonstrates the importance o...

A little telomerase isn't enough

... good telomerase copies, giving the animals a full complement of telomerase, they were surprised to find that those mice had the same symptoms and problems as their half-telomerase littermates. The researchers are now mating these short-telomere mice with mice with regular-length telomeres to see whether telom...

Deep treasure to be found in Oculina Bank

...tained and critically needed monitoring program to complement , and evaluate the effectiveness of, stricter regulations and enforcement activities in the area. The group will also be exploring new portions of the reef revealed by a recently developed high-resolution seafloor map. The Oculina reefs, in depths f...

New nanosensor uses quantum dots to detect DNA

...s made of synthetic DNA. Each of these probes is a complement to the DNA sequence the researchers are searching for. Therefore, the probes seek out and bind to the target DNA. Each DNA probe also has an important partner. Attached to one is a Cy5 molecule that glows when it receives energy. Attached to the se...

Pleasing plant shapes explained by new computer model

...periments by providing a tool botanists can use to complement and interpret their traditional laboratory experiments. It also promises to lead to accurate models of how other organisms, including animals, develop from primordial stem cells. "This was a great example of the synergy you can have between biology ...

GlycoFi announces the first production of antibodies with human glycosylation in yeast

...alf-life, tissue distribution and interaction with complement proteins. Currently glycoproteins comprise about 70% of all approved therapeutic proteins and the therapeutic protein market is expected to grow at over 20% annually over the next decade. GlycoFi is now working to expand its library of glyco-enginee...

Cancer cells suppress large regions of DNA by a reversible process that can be tackled

...van team developed a new method to scan the entire complement of the 30 000 plus genes ?the entire genome ?in the cancer tissue samples, which allowed widespread changes to be identified in specific parts of the genome. They were amazed to find the extent of gene silencing. Assoc. Professor Clark adds: "What w...

A new focus for the mechanism of nerve growth

...urnover or recycling of the actin networks. As the complement to actin network assembly, recycling is necessary to prevent actin buildup that could actually impede neuronal advance." Forscher likened actin networks in the growth cone to a molecular treadmill that is constantly being assembled at the leading ed...

Tool developed to silence genes in specific tissues using RNAi

... of a vector. One is a small stem loop designed to complement the RNA produced by the gene they wish to silence, and the other is a "promoter" that provides expression specific to the tissue they want to target. "There are whole batteries of different promoters, ones specifically for skin, or different parts of...

Genomics-based vaccine could prevent deadly cattle disease

...s taken from cattle immune to East Coast fever. To complement TIGR's gene selection strategy, ILRI also incorporated a random screen of T. parva DNA for vaccine candidates. In total, the team found five candidate vaccine antigens. In lab tests, these antigens triggered a response from cattle immune killer T...

Predicting chemotherapy outcome

...ese findings could be used in clinical practice to complement clinical, biochemical and genetic markers for better treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. A research group led by Sandrine Imbeaud from the CNRS and Pierre and Marie Curie University, Villejuif, France, used microarrays to analyse the gene-...

New brain hormone puts brakes on reproduction

...tive system. The inhibiting or braking hormone may complement the "gas pedal" role played by another recently discovered hormone, kisspeptin, that stimulates GnRH. The discovery in rats, mice and hamsters of this new system for regulating reproduction strongly suggests that the hormone plays a similar role in ...

Study shows that cells have a natural defense against HIV

...or treating HIV infection and AIDS, one that might complement current therapies and would probably be less susceptible to viral drug resistance ?an increasingly urgent dilemma for patients and doctors. Currently, doctors treat people with AIDS using combinations of drugs that target the virus itself. These dr...

Sex chromosome genes influence aggression andmaternal behavior, say UVa researchers

...osome were aggressive as well. Females with the XX complement were not aggressive, but in contrast they exhibited high levels of maternal behavior by picking up pups and building nests. "We know that hormones are important for development of sex differences in brain and behavior," Rissman said. "But this is an...

Atmospheric ozone recovering in mid-latitudes, report shows

...e will have in this region." Other recent studies complement these new findings. Among them are a study published in 2003 in the Journal of Geophysical Research, which reported a slowdown in the ozone depletion rate in the upper stratosphere at about 22 to 28 miles altitude (35 to 45kilometers). Newchurch at t...

Research reveals control of potent immune regulator

...ntrol tumor growth and lead to new treatments that complement current cancer therapy," he says. The body carefully regulates IFNg levels. If there is too little of the substance, the risk of infection and cancer rises. If there is too much IFNg, NK cells become too plentiful and autoimmune diseases such as in...

Autistic brain has fewer neurons for processing emotion

.... "These new findings, based on cell counting, complement other independent studies that suggest amygdala abnormalities likely contribute significantly to the primary core deficit in social function that defines this disorder," says Emanuel DiCicco-Bloom, MD, professor of pediatric neurology at the Universi...

Combined treatment extends life expectancy for lung cancer patients

...ancer. When the two therapies are combined, they complement each other. Thermal ablation kills the central tumor. In exchange, radiation kills the cells on the periphery of the tumor and elsewhere in the lung that are missed by thermal ablation. While this study looked only at lung cancer, Dupuy also has p...

Speeding the search for elusive chromosomal errors

...idly analyze a person's whole genome -- the entire complement of DNA in a cell nucleus. "These microarrays provide more rapid and precise results than karyotyping, and offer as much as 50 times higher resolution than other, more commonly used microarrays, such as bacterial artificial chromosome arrays," said D...

What controls stickiness of 'smart' chromosomal glue

... process that creates daughter cells with the same complement of chromosome pairs as the parent. Sperm and egg cells, on the other hand, must contain only half the chromosomes of their parent cells, so that the normal chromosome number will be restored when the sperm and egg unite during fertilization. To achie...

High-tech research shows cocaine changes proteins and brain function

... The researchers compared the proteome (the entire complement of proteins expressed at a given time) between the two groups by separating all of the proteins and then using high-throughput mass spectrometry which allowed the accurate identifcation of thousands of proteins simultaneously, Hemby said. The unbia...

Genetic 'roadmap' charts links between drugs and human disease

...language of "genomic signatures," meaning the full complement of genes that the drugs turn on and off. To create a first-generation Connectivity Map, the scientists measured the genomic signatures of more than 160 drugs and other biologically active compounds. They next developed a computer program to compar...

Parental genes do what's best for baby

...ow an adaptive fit with their mother’s genes; they complement each other and so work better together to produce the placenta.? ...

Most widely used organic pesticide requires help to kill

...whether or not the insect gut contained its normal complement of microbes. However, if the engineered E. coli was killed before administration, it only killed those caterpillars whose microbial gut flora were intact. "The significance of the microbial community has been overlooked," Broderick asserts. "Ultima...

Cardiologist's 'living chip' changes science of disease monitoring

...sulted in the hiring of two full-time employees to complement an existing multidisciplinary team of scientific, engineering and business experts. "We believe this technology will change the face of medical monitoring and, ultimately, device therapy for many types of patients," Rosero said. The company utili...

Innovative movies show real-time immune-cell activity within tumors

...chers then designed a second set of experiments to complement the first. In the first set of experiments, the T cells were varied in two groups of mice while the target tumor cells were uniform. In the second set, the T cells were uniform while the tumor cells varied in two groups of mice according to whether o...

Neural stem cells lend the brain a surprising capacity for self-repair

...brain in which the SVZ resides. Without the normal complement of genes, that wall "disintegrated," he said, leaving holes in the brain. Surprisingly, they reported, the ventricular damage was eventually repaired. SVZ reconstitution and remodeling of the ventricular wall was driven by progenitor cells that esc...

Two central mysteries in genome inheritance solved at UCSD

...the resulting daughter cells will lack the correct complement of genomic information ? a situation that is dangerous as it can promote cancerous transformation," said Desai. Cells avoid such a fate by detecting errors in attachment to the spindle, breaking down these defective attachments and starting over. ...

Supercomputing equipment to advance the frontiers of computational biology

...ersity Research (SUR) program, this Blue Gene will complement the $100 million partnership between Rensselaer, IBM, and New York state to create one of the world's most powerful university-based supercomputing centers. The equipment will provide a resource for scientists to gain experience with the Blue Gene c...

Discovery in the evolution of the immune system absorbing cells

...ity and power of the innate immune response of the complement system in lower vertebrates, whereas mammals have developed greater effectiveness and specialisation in the adaptive mechanism of antibodies....

Novel laboratory technique nudges genes into activity

... team used strands of RNA that were tailor-made to complement the DNA sequence of a specific gene in isolated breast cancer cells. Once the RNA was introduced into the protein mix, the gene was activated, ultimately resulting in a reduced rate of growth in the cancer cells. Dr. Corey said that while it’s cl...

NIH neuroscience microarray consortium launches high-throughput genotyping services

... that the "Illumina platform provides an important complement to the other technologies currently available through the NIH Neuroscience Microarray Consortium and will significantly aid the research goals of the neuroscientist." ...

Scientists map air pollution using corn grown in US fields

... has been mapped using plants. This new method may complement existing air sampling techniques because plants provide a cost-effective way to record average daytime conditions over several months. Plants take in carbon dioxide gas, from both background and fossil fuel sources, during photosynthesis, and it beco...

Carnegie Mellon University research shows how sensory-deprived brain compensates

... with a whisker on one side of its head and a full complement of whiskers on the other side. "These findings show us that a fully functioning set of whiskers on one side of the body dramatically inhibits the ability of a single whisker to remodel the brain," said Barth. "This finding suggests that we could ...

Genetic pathways to curable and incurable forms of pancreatic cancer identified

...se studies suggest is that it's not just the total complement of mutations that determines the behavior of these cancers but also the sequence in which the mutations arise." About 5 percent of all primary tumors of the pancreas, out of 40,000 annual new cases in the United States, arise from cystic tumors. ...

Scientists seek useful traits in wild cottons

...ther scientists and the public. This database will complement the Texas A&M University System's cotton breeding program, Gannaway said. An overview of that program is online at http://lubbock.tamu.edu/news/2007/LScapesWinter06.pdf . Under Gannaway's guidance as lead researcher, Experiment Station...

Spud origin controversy solved

...ue of plant evolutionary studies to understand and complement breeding programs? Spooner and other scientists now plan to further investigate the origin of the European potato from DNA extracted from herbarium specimens of cultivated potatoes collected in Europe before 1845. “The results of these studies...

Warts vaccine -- 1 of many in pipeline

... amongst the first to benefit." A vaccine would complement both the pap smear program and currently available vaccines to prevent infections. Genital warts are transmitted by skin contact and the 2003 Australian Study of Sex and Relationships of 20,000 adults revealed four percent of people had had visibl...

Fat screen delivers plant-derived chemical with antidiabetic effects

...pproach for treating insulin resistance that might complement the use of preexisting drugs and, more generally, provides validation for fat cell screens as a promising strategy for identifying new metabolic drugs, according to the researchers. While harmine itself has effects on the central nervous system th...

Corals -- More complex than you?

...any as 20 or 25,000 genes, compared with the human complement of 20-23,000." Why a simple creature should have such a huge genetic repertoire is a mystery, but scientists are excited by it because corals are near the root of the family tree of all living animals and can throw new light on the origin of such ...