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Open microfluidic and nanofluidic systems
... available photolithographic methods. The simplest channel geometry which can be produced in this way corresp..., extended filaments, and thin wedges at the lower channel corners. Examples for these morphologies as observed by atomic (or scanning) force microscopy (AFM) ...South America's vast pantanal wetland may become next everglades, UNU experts warn
...: to improve river barge traffic through dredging, channel modification, and port installation. "Depending on how it is implemented, this project could potentially modify various key ecological processes in the Pantanal, including the flood pulse. The Hidrovia, if fully constructed, would reduce the area fl...Wisconsin researchers identify sleep gene
...a (fruit fly) gene, called Shaker, produces an ion channel that controls the flow of potassium into cells, a ...utation. Because of the mutation, a functional ion channel could not be formed on the cell membrane and potassium therefore could not flow through it. When th...Transgenic plants remove more selenium from polluted soil than wild plants, new tests show
...ain, a concrete-lined canal originally intended to channel irrigation wastewater from Central Valley farms to the Sacramento River Delta near Antioch. Selenium is considered an essential trace mineral for both humans and animals, but it becomes toxic at high doses. The dangers of selenium toxicity came to li...50-year-old Mystery Solved: Protein Tags Regulate Key Ion Channel
...a new chapter to the book of how cells control ion channel function: reversible peptide linkage." Ion channe...nel." Goldstein's team discovered the type of ion channel known as background (or leak) potassium channels in yeast cells in 1995 and in fruit flies in 1996. ...Discovery may lead to better Candidiasis drug
...cine and senior author on the study. "Blocking the channel open allows a lethal unregulated flow of potassium... be even more effective in binding and holding the channel open, causing even better and more rapid killing of the fungus," said Edgerton. "In addition, many ...Some Brain Cells 'Change Channels' To Fine-tune The Message
...t let charged calcium ions in with another kind of channel that keeps calcium out. If muscle-controlling nerv...ciences. So far, no one has really looked for the channel changing in other cells in the brain, he says, in part because the swapped channels are most common ...Putting ecology back into river restoration
...criteria is to do no lasting harm. "For example, a channel modification project should minimise loss of native vegetation during river reconstruction, and should avoid the fish spawning season for construction work," Palmer explains. The final criteria is ecological assessment. According to Palmer: "It is cr...Molecular thermometers on skin cells detect heat and camphor
...ial" channels. There are at least six of these TRP channel proteins in humans and other mammals, and there has been growing evidence in the last few years that these proteins are "molecular thermometers" that detect hot and cold temperatures through the skin and communicate the sensation of temperature to th...Remote control flies? Fly behavior controlled by laser light
...membrane. The small molecule ATP activates the ion channel chosen by the researchers, so ATP became the key. To keep the ATP from binding to the ion channel and jump-starting the nerve cell's activity before the proper moment, Lima and Miesenböck caged the ...At the molecular level, the predator is the prey
...'t perform their basic, everyday functions. Sodium channel genes in different vertebrates are virtually ident...might think that this sort of change in the sodium channel would be too costly to the snakes," said Utah State University biologist Shana Geffeney, who conduct...Mutation in clams protects against paralytic shellfish poisoning but raises human health risk
...ve in the presence of toxins. The report, "Sodium channel mutation leading to saxitoxin resistance in clams ...ion in the protein. It was thought that the sodium channel was flexible at this location. We've shown that it is not, that it is rigid," says Connell. That cou...Some Brain Cells Change Channels
...t let charged calcium ions in with another kind of channel that keeps calcium out. If muscle-controlling nerv...ciences. So far, no one has really looked for the channel changing in other cells in the brain, he says, in part because the swapped channels are most common ...Searching the depths of the straits of Florida for disease cures
... Sal Bank is located on the edge of a narrow ocean channel that funnels water as well as larvae and plankton from throughout the Caribbean, in all likelihood making for a unique habitat that will yield numerous interesting and potentially lifesaving samples during submersible dives as deep as 3,000 feet. The...Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance
...nts inside the cell. Vesicles containing the water channel Aquaporin 2 (AQP-2) are shuttled from the cytoplasm to the apical membrane of the collecting duct kidney cells. This process increases water permeability and diminishes urine output from the kidneys. The group set out to prove that changing the amin...Microreactor efficiently regenerates cofactors for biocatalysis
...te. The microreactor uses a Y-shaped microfluidic channel in which two liquid streams (a reactant stream and a buffer stream) merge and flow laminarly between two electrodes without mixing. By adjusting the flow rates of the two streams, the researchers can focus the reactant stream close to the cathode, an...Hopkins scientists uncover 'tags' that force proteins to cell surface
... proteins that use one of these "tags" are the ion channel that lets heart cells contract on cue, and the docking point that allows HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, into cells, the researchers discovered. Because proteins on the cell surface are "lock-on" sites for drugs and other molecules, as well as trig...Enzyme affects hypertension by controlling salt levels in body
... another sodium transporter," he said. "The sodium channel critically governs how much sodium gets reabsorbed." Normally, the kidney filters and reabsorbs about 99 percent of sodium from the blood and returns it to the body, excreting 1 percent through urine, said Dr. Huang, a nephrologist. However, if sal...Cells direct membrane traffic by channel width
...ural difference that makes an aquaporin a glycerol channel is a channel that is just a hundred-millionth of a centimeter -- an angstrom -- wider than a normal water channel...Freeze-dried mats of microbes awaken in Antarctic streambed
An experiment in a dry Antarctic stream channel has shown that a carpet of freeze-dried microbes t...eral years, the microbial mats in the experimental channel had higher growth rates than mats in adjacent streambeds receiving annual summer water flow, she sai......sease. Pessah's research group works with calcium channel modulators and other biomolecules derived from plants and scorpion venom. But when Pessah and Molinski got to talking at a party some years ago, they quickly realized that they could apply the same methods to screen 124 sponges that Molinski's group ...Drug resistant avian influenza viruses more common in Southeast Asia than North America
... of the influenza virus. The M2 protein is an ion channel located in the envelope of the virus that permits hydrogen ions (protons) to enter the flu virion. This influx of protons allows the virus to shed its coat after it enters a cell-an essential step in the replication of the virus. Amantadine inhibits ...Molecular cabal contributes to stroke damage
...chemia. This increased sensitivity causes the ASIC channel to open and flood the neuron with lethal doses of calcium. Importantly, the researchers found in cultures of neurons that drugs that inhibited NMDAR or CaMKII prevented the ischemia-induced enhancement of ASIC sensitivity, as well as neuronal death....FSU biologists describe key role of signal-transcribing gene during cell cycle
...long the critical Notch pathway ?? a communication channel already associated with the genesis of several genetic and neuromuscular diseases; the most common complex congenital heart disorder; and later life ills such as Alzheimer's, breast and lung cancer, and leukemia. "We now know that the transcription ...Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action
...ular portrait to date of a voltage-gated potassium channel was unveiled in 2005. These channels, gatekeeper proteins that usher potassium ions in and out of cells, are as key to nerve and muscle functioning as transistors are to computers. Changing Climate of Climate Change?: In 2005, evidence linking huma...Membrane research opens window to benefits for plants, humans
...f spinach, solved the structure of a water-protein channel -- an aquaporin that opens and closes a gate that ...ant-water channel, it was the first plant-membrane channel for which an atomic resolution structure has been determined. "By recovering an X-ray structure of a...Zooming in on the protein-conducting channel
...etailed view yet of the heart of the translocon, a channel through which newly constructed proteins are inser...e translocon's core, called the protein-conducting channel (PCC), in an article published in the November 17, 2005, issue of the journal Nature. Co-lead author...Clocking in Pillow Time without the Pillow
...nnel. Ampakines including CX717 make the activated channel stay open longer when glutamate binds. More ions pass through the channel, creating a stronger signal when nerve cells are activated. The ubiquity of these receptors makes them good targets for drugs that increase general cognitive functioning. The ...Noise And Delays Explain Why Some Genes Oscillate In Activity
...nnel. Ampakines including CX717 make the activated channel stay open longer when glutamate binds. More ions pass through the channel, creating a stronger signal when nerve cells are activated. The ubiquity of these receptors makes them good targets for drugs that increase general cognitive functioning. The ...Algal protein in worm neurons allows remote control of behavior by light
... side of the membrane to the other. Such so-called channel proteins play central roles in the activities of neurons and muscle cells, and while some channel proteins are sensitive to chemicals or electrical signals, ChR2 and its relatives are controlled dir...New technique helps researchers determine amino-acid charge
...through the open state of a membrane-protein's ion channel have allowed scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to obtain a detailed picture of the effect of the protein microenvironment on the affinity of ionizable amino-acid residues for protons. The findings, reported in the Dec. 15 ...Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders
...l impulses of bursting neurons. Although potassium channel mutations have previously been linked to episodic ...degeneration has been directly linked to potassium channel mutations." In the Nature Genetics article, the researchers describe their analysis of two ataxia-...Nano machine switches between biological and silicon worlds
...etres. The novelty of microfluidics is that it can channel liquids in laminar, or predictable, flow. The floor of this channel is peppered with Hall-Effect sensors. The Hall Effect describes how a magnetic field influences an e...Why nerve cells work faster than the theory allows
...rtheless open almost simultaneously. When a sodium channel opens, it influences, according to the new model, other sodium channels in the immediate neighborhood ?the channels open "cooperatively" and not ?as according to Hodgkin-Huxley ?independently of each other and only dependent on the voltage across the...Scientists discover basic defect in cystic fibrosis airway glands
...smembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a membrane channel regulator essential for proper salt and water move...f CFTR's functions is to inhibit the activity of a channel called the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). Nam Soo Joo and colleagues at Stanford University attempt...New gene reduces retinal degeneration in fruit flies
...neurons responsible for sensing light. The fly TRP channel is the founding member of a family of related proteins in mammals that are essential for guiding certain nerves during development and for responding to stimuli including heat, taste and sound. By shining bright light onto and recording electrical ...Unraveling the mysteries of poison
...ure and many other diseases connected to potassium channel failure (Nature, April 13, 2006). Our body's cell...nerve or heart muscle cell is excited, and the ion channel structure changes, developing pores which let the ions through. Different channels are open to diffe...Novel method reveals how menthol discovery could point towards new or improved pain therapies
... a site that translates binding information to ion channel activity. Ion channels are proteins found in the cell membrane that can form a tunnel or channel that allows specific ions to move across the membrane. When activated, the channel opens, allowing ......researchers had attempted to study the CatSper ion channel with a technique called patch clamp recording. In ... CatSper1 was a major component of the calcium ion channel responsible for alkaline-activated hyperactivation and male fertility. According to Clapham, the f...Gene variation increases SIDS risk in African Americans
...reased risk since the Y1103 variant did not affect channel operation under normal conditions." Cellular activity, particularly that of nerve and muscle cells, is controlled by the flow of ions like sodium and potassium. A change in an ion channel, if it disrupts ion flow, can alter the cell's activity. ...Convergent evolution of molecules in electric fish
...dently evolved electric organs by modifying sodium channel proteins typically used in muscle contraction. Mutations in sodium channel proteins can cause serious muscular disorders, epilepsy and heart problems in humans and other verte...Bone marrow cells can become functional gut lining cells
...e channel, recipient mice had some normal chloride channel activity. Alhough this is exciting, the levels of donor derived gut cells are currently far too low to be used as a treatment for cystic fibrosis, an inherited disease in which the organs, especially those of the pancreas, lungs, and intestines, bec...First direct mechanical communication of mitochondria, cardiomyocyte nucleus shown
...diazoxide (a mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener) reduced nuclear volume a similar amount. "However, 150 micro-molar of 5-hydrooxydecanoate (thought to be a specific inhibitor of these channels), completely blocked the effect," according to the report, leading to the conclusion that: "mitoch...Johns Hopkins lab scientists tame overactive CF protein
...o achieve two things at once -- restoring chloride channel function and curbing inflammation" says co-author Neeraj Vij, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow at the Children's Center. "Inhibiting specific sites in VCP can lead to the development of CF drugs." "The goal is to develop small molecules that disrupt t...UC Davis researchers move biotechnology closer to replacing electronic pacemakers
...e able to make one protein that codes for a single channel that does the work normally required by several," Li explained. By getting heart muscle cells to produce bioengineered HCN channels, Li and his colleagues were able to reconstruct the SA node of the heart in pigs with implanted electronic pacemaker...First study to show how immune cells 'speak' to each other in vivo
...firmed the existence of anatomical structures that channel information exchanges between a T cell and its target, an antigen-presenting brain cell, in laboratory rats. This immunologic synapse, or junction where signals are shuttled between two immune cells, has previously only been observed in cell culture...Researchers link two more genes to sudden infant death syndrome
... SIDS. In 2005, a comprehensive search of the five channel genes that cause a potentially lethal heart rhythm syndrome known as long QT syndrome (LQTS) was found in 5 percent to 10 percent of SIDS cases. In collaboration with Baylor College of Medicine, Mayo's sudden death investigators chose to examine CA...Gatekeeping: Penn researchers find new way to open ion channels in cell membranes
...ts a lipid called sphingomyelin that surrounds the channel embedded in the cell membrane. As a result, the channel opens to allow the passage of small ions into and out of the cell, thereby generating electrical cur...Researchers offer clues to how leaves patterns are formed
...e objections to the idea that veins might act as a channel to transport auxin was that there were mutant leaves that produced dotted, rather than continuous veins for auxin to run through. But the research team showed that the leaves with the dotted veins were a mature version and that at an earlier stage, t...Brain-computer link lets paralyzed patients convert thoughts into actions
...ong," using only his thoughts. He could change the channel and adjust the volume on a television, even while conversing. He was ultimately able to open and close the fingers of a prosthetic hand and use a robotic limb to grasp and move objects. Despite a decline in neural signals after 6.5 months, Nagle rema...New study shows antibiotic may protect the heart
...ieve through the opening of the mitochondrial KATP channel of heart cells, rapamycin enables cells to maintain ATP levels. Mitochondria are cellular organelles critical for converting oxygen into ATP, the key fuel for cellular function. "Rapamycin may one day be beneficial as a potential therapeutic strateg...UBC researchers find stroke death channel
...ence researchers who have found a new stroke death channel ?the conduit through which key chemicals are lost from brain cells during stroke, causing the cell death that disables stroke victims. The findings were published recently in Science and will be the subject of an editorial in next month's issue of ...Beaver dams create healthy downstream ecosystems
...by beaver dams is forced out of the natural stream channel and spreads across and down the valley for hundreds of meters [yards]. In addition, dams built on the river changed the direction of groundwater flow in the valley. The changes caused water to infiltrate the river banks and flow underground toward th...Light-sensitive photoswitches could restore sight to those with macular degeneration
...ence Division of LBNL. It involves altering an ion channel commonly found in nerve cells so that the channel turns the cell on when zapped by green light and turns the cell off when hit by ultraviolet light. ...Scientists solve 30-year-old mystery of mutant mouse's kidney woes
...ch belongs to an important family of proteins that channel water across membranes. "We knew that the aqp2 protein is found in the principal cells of the collecting duct, the final stretch of the kidney filtration machinery," Chen says. "Water and some other useful components are reabsorbed from the urine h...Study of gene transfer for erectile dysfunction shows promise
...and directing members. The therapy is known as ion channel therapy because the proteins it targets are potassium channels, "gates" within cells critical for contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle. At the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Christ is continuing to pursue the therapy in c...Cougar predation key to ecosystem health
...the study. Researchers did a systematic survey of channel dimensions, streambank condition, vegetation and species presence along each study site. "These two canyons, almost side by side, have a similar climate and their ecosystems should be quite similar," Ripple said. "But instead they are very differen...Researchers add to understanding of how brain cells communicate
...rs at synapses. The flow of calcium ions through a channel in NMDA receptors plays a central role. Neurons...ngly excited, magnesium ions are expelled from the channel of NR1/2A receptors, one NMDA receptor subtype. Calcium ions then can flow through the open channel ...New biochip helps study living cells, may speed drug development
...lp develop drugs for human disorders involving ion channel malfunction, such as epilepsy and chronic pain. About 15 percent of the drugs currently in development affect the activities of ion channels, he said, and their development is limited by the slower pace of current technology. The biochip would allow ......iature laboratories of fluid being pumped from one channel to another, with reactions going on here and there...d blood cell is about 8 microns in diameter.) Each channel has its own pumps, which direct the fluids to certain areas of the chip so they can be tested for th...Other ContentsimpetigoimpotenceimpotenceimpotenceincisionincisionincisionincisionincisionerrorserrorserrorserrorserrorserrorserrorserrorsinborninborninbornincidenceincidenceincidenceincidenceincidenceincidenceincidenceincidenceOther TagsAOPTIMITIMITIMITIMITIMI
(Date:10/10/2008)...ersity and the Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascul...n improving the possibilities for the practical ap...echnology. , Previously, Dr. Yamanaka had shown ...ryonic stem celllike using a cancer-causing oncoge...the cells, and a virus to transfer the genes into ...
(Date:10/10/2008)...eus aculeatus , is one of the most thoroughly stud...arly useful model for understanding variation in p...aused by different ecological situations in the wi...netic to developmental and morphological, and fina...n far more complex than even imagined. , Studies...
(Date:10/10/2008).... , DNA, the molecule that acts as the carrier...ighly resistant against alteration by ultraviolet ...tostability presents some puzzling problems. A key...al bases that make up the DNA molecule. Researcher...t DNA strands differ in their light sensitivity de...
(Date:10/9/2008)...irstCall/ -- Aware, Inc. (Nasdaq:,AWRE), a leading...oftware,has scheduled a conference call to discus...arter of 2008 on Thursday, October 23, 2008, at 5:...Rick Moberg will host the,earnings conference call...be accessed on the,Investor Relations page of our ...
Breaking Biology News(10 mins):Yamanaka eliminates viral vector in stem cell reprogramming 2Fitness in a changing world 2Fitness in a changing world 3Can genetic information be controlled by light? 2Aware Announces Q3 2008 Earnings Conference Call 2Protein Research Marketing Insights 7872 1Protein Research Marketing Insights 7872 2Protein Research Marketing Insights 7872 3Established Safety Profile of Spiriva Confirmed by 30 Rigorously Controlled Clinical Trials and the Landmark Trial UPLIFT 3131 1Established Safety Profile of Spiriva Confirmed by 30 Rigorously Controlled Clinical Trials and the Landmark Trial UPLIFT 3131 2Established Safety Profile of Spiriva Confirmed by 30 Rigorously Controlled Clinical Trials and the Landmark Trial UPLIFT 3131 3Established Safety Profile of Spiriva Confirmed by 30 Rigorously Controlled Clinical Trials and the Landmark Trial UPLIFT 3131 4Established Safety Profile of Spiriva Confirmed by 30 Rigorously Controlled Clinical Trials and the Landmark Trial UPLIFT 3131 5Lack of large scale experiments slows progress of environmental restoration 5033 1Lack of large scale experiments slows progress of environmental restoration 5033 2Icahn Responds to Cornelius 7871 1Icahn Responds to Cornelius 7871 2Icahn Responds to Cornelius 7871 3(Date:10/10/2008)... -- NuView Life Sciences Inc.,(NuView) has agreed ...Trace), including operations of the linear acceler..., Texas. The Trace facility produces,Copper-64, Co...used in,molecular imaging and nuclear medicine. Pa... are confident that by improving operational,effic...
(Date:10/10/2008)...Newswire/ -- Public interest,advocates(1) welcomed...decisions on the threats posed by mercury to human... 2nd UNEP(2) Open Ended Working Group (OEWG2) on,M... of a global framework,on mercury, in preparation ...09, where it will be decided whether a global lega...
(Date:10/10/2008)... long-term side effects, study finds , ,...herapy alone, and delaying or avoiding radiation a...ith inoperable or progressive low-grade glioma bra...y. , Low-grade glioma is the most common brain ...e survival rate for patients is 95 percent. But pr...
(Date:10/10/2008)...ence in the implementation of electronic health re...ement Systems Society (HIMSS) announces the recipi...al, Ambulatory and Community Health Organization c...(PRWEB) October 10, 2008 -- Honoring excellence in...EHRs), the Healthcare Information and Management ...
Breaking Medicine News(10 mins):Health News:Elements for a UN Global Framework on Mercury Agreed to 2Health News:Chemo Alone Effective in Treating Kids' Brain Tumors 2Health News:2008 HIMSS Davies Awards: Nation's Outstanding Healthcare Organizations Recognized 2Health News:2008 HIMSS Davies Awards: Nation's Outstanding Healthcare Organizations Recognized 3Health News:2008 HIMSS Davies Awards: Nation's Outstanding Healthcare Organizations Recognized 4Health News:2008 HIMSS Davies Awards: Nation's Outstanding Healthcare Organizations Recognized 5[0] NuView Life Sciences Inc. Assumes Management of Trace Life Sciences Inc. Radioisotope Production Facility[0] Elements for a UN Global Framework on Mercury Agreed to[0] Chemo Alone Effective in Treating Kids' Brain Tumors[0] 2008 HIMSS Davies Awards: Nation's Outstanding Healthcare Organizations Recognized
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