burn in Biological News

Making metabolism more inefficient can reduce obesity

... In fact, bodybuilders and dieters looking to burn fat commonly use thermogenic supplements like ... inefficiency is beneficial, as the mice had to burn more fat than normal to stay warm (by analogy you burn more wood by warming your house with an open fire ...

Weill Cornell science briefs June/July 2008

... therapists from the William Randolph Hearst burn Center at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill ... a homerun, among countless other motions. For burn patients or any patient with a skin graft, moving ... imperative for a successful recovery. The burn Center is also employing a special add-on to the ...

Two dietary oils, two sets of benefits for older women with diabetes

... Increasing this hormone may have instilled an improved ability to burn dietary fats, said Belury, who hopes to investigate this mechanism in a ... at least in the case of CLA, the fatty acid appears to allow the body to burn calories in a heat-producing way. Questions remain about the long-term ...

Why do women store fat differently from men?

... body fat than men. Studies show oestrogen reduces a woman's ability to burn energy after eating, resulting in more fat being stored around the body. ... proportionately," Associate Professor O'Sullivan said. "In fact, women burn off more fat than men during exercise, but they don't lose body fat with ...

Using live fish, new tool a sentinel for environmental contamination

... Respiration, the process wherein animals and other organisms burn oxygen to produce energy, is often the first of a fish's bodily functions ... by directly impeding it or they may stress the organism and cause it to burn more oxygen to provide energy for fighting the stressor, he said. The ...

MU study finds that sitting may increase risk of disease

... watching a childs ballgame can be done just as enjoyably upright, and you burn double the number of calories while youre doing it, said Marc Hamilton, an ... Hamiltons studies found that standing and other non-exercise activities burn many calories in most adults even if they do not exercise at all. The ...

Clean fuels could reduce deaths from ship smokestacks by 40,000 annually

... issue of ACS' Environmental Science & Technology , a semi-monthly publication. James Winebrake and colleagues note that most oceangoing ships burn fuels with a high sulfur content that averages 2.4 percent. Their smokestacks emit sulfur-containing particles linked to increased risks of lung and ...

Pitt team finds molecule that regulates heart size by using zebrafish screening model

... implications for improving wound healing as well, Dr. Tsang said. For example, FGF2 has been used in treatment of chronic skin ulcers and following burn surgery in Japan. Thus, BCI alone or in combination with FGF2 might accelerate the healing process and improve wound repair. ...

Pushmi-pullyu of B-cell development discovered

... controlled those epigenetic factors. They suspected that two chromatin remodeling complexes, conglomerations of several different proteins known to burn energy and physically move the tiny spools holding DNA, played a role. In a series of cell-culture experiments they showed that the two chromatin ...

American Chemical Society's Weekly Presspac -- June 17, 2009

... ventilation may cut emissions, but few scientific studies have tested this claim. Millions of homes in rural China and other parts of the world burn raw coal chunks in small, low-efficiency stoves for cooking and heating. Studies indicate that emissions from incomplete coal combustion in these ...

Researchers engineer metabolic pathway in mice to prevent diet-induced obesity

... said. "One is the regulation; fatty acid metabolism is highly regulated. The other is digestion of the fatty acid; there needs to be a channel to burn this fat." "We came up with an unconventional idea which we borrowed from plants and bacteria," said Jason Dean, a graduate student on Liao's ...

Nontoxic hull coating resists barnacles, may save ship owners millions

... ways to keep barnacles off ship hulls. Barnacle colonization on a ship bottom increases the ship's "drag" in the water, forcing the engine to burn more fuel to maintain the same speed. After six months in the water, a ship's fuel consumption increases substantially, Efimenko said. That costs ...

Non-toxic hull coating resists barnacles, may save ship owners millions

... ways to keep barnacles off ship hulls. Barnacle colonization on a ship bottom increases the ship's "drag" in the water, forcing the engine to burn more fuel to maintain the same speed. After six months in the water, a ship's fuel consumption increases substantially, Efimenko said. That costs ...

DOE funds bio-inspired solar fuel center at Arizona State

... was solar energy that was captured by plants through photosynthesis. The traditional way of unlocking the energy from these compounds has been to burn them, which also releases greenhouses gases. Over a period of more than 15 years, ASU has assembled a first-class team of scientists who have ...

Scientists identify key gene that protects against leukemia

... field," says Passegu. Passegu's study represents a turnabout from other research, which has demonstrated that mutated HSC that cause leukemia burn out at a faster rate than normal HSCs. In contrast, this study shows that JunB does not effect the cells' potential for unlimited self-renewal. ...

Queen's researchers shine light on compact fluorescent bulb problems

... Dr. Jain says it too is an efficiency issue and not just a nuisance for consumers. "In fact, when a CFL is used with a dimmer switch, its bulb can burn out sooner than expected," he says. The solutions emerged when John Lam, a PhD candidate working with Dr. Jain, developed a compact, simplified ...

GOCE's electric ion propulsion engine switched on

... height. No normal jet engine could do this, but GOCE's sophisticated electric ion propulsion system can. This cutting-edge system does not burn fuel like a regular rocket motor. Instead, it is supplied with xenon from a 40-kg tank, which is converted to fast-moving ions - naked xenon atoms ...

Iowa State researchers developing clean, renewable energy for ethanol industry

... by the gasification of discarded seed corn, switchgrass, wood chips and other biomass. The burner will be designed to efficiently and cleanly burn biomass-based gas. The catalyst will be designed to convert the synthesis gas directly into ethanol. The project is supported by a two-year, $2.37 ...

Researchers uncover 'obesity gene' involved in weight gain response to high-fat diet

... cannot occur." Though the complete mechanism remains unknown, the research to date suggests that rather than storing fat, mice lacking the gene burn fat more rapidly than they would if the PKC beta were present, Mehta said. The research is available online in the journal Hepatology and is ...

UT Southwestern researchers identify molecule that helps the sleep-deprived to mentally rebound

... skills to the sleep-deprived, the scientists report in the Feb. 4 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience. "Normal society pushes people to burn candles at both ends going to bed late, getting up early, and somehow performing mentally with lack of adequate sleep," said senior author Dr. ...

Eating less may not extend life

... came to a deceptively simple conclusion: Caloric restriction is only useful when, as in the case of the obese mice, an animal eats more than it can burn off. "Your energy expenditure and your energy intake should be in balance," Sohal said. "It's as simple as that. And how do you know that? By gain ...

Disabling enzyme allows mice to gorge without becoming obese, new study finds

... breakdown," said Ahmadian, another study co-lead author. "We found that mice deficient in AdPLA expend more energy than normal mice, and they also burn more fat directly within fat cells." Before this paper, the assumption had been that the major players in controlling fat metabolism and body ...

Physical activity may not be key to obesity epidemic

... disease, diabetes, breast cancer and colon cancer. But Loyola research suggests that weight control might not be among the main benefits. People burn more calories when they exercise. But they compensate by eating more, said Richard Cooper, Ph.D., co-author of the study and chairman of the ...

Flame retardants prove ineffective on fresh-cut Christmas trees

... fire hazard quicker than non-treated branches. Because freshly cut Douglas-fir and Fraser fir Christmas trees are almost impossible to ignite and burn when exposed to a small flame, tests were conducted on branches that were not placed in water and allowed to dry naturally. The tests showed that ...

Flame retardants prove ineffective on fresh-cut Christmas trees

... fire hazard quicker than non-treated branches. Because freshly cut Douglas-fir and Fraser fir Christmas trees are almost impossible to ignite and burn when exposed to a small flame, tests were conducted on branches that were not placed in water and allowed to dry naturally. The tests showed that ...

UNC study: Text messaging may help children fight off obesity

... are the tool most often used for self-monitoring. People trying to lose weight write down how many calories they consume, how many calories they burn in exercise and how much they weigh. While a paper diary can be very effective, Shapiro and her colleagues had a hunch that the same concept might ...

Urea tanks on diesel trucks -- that's the law in the United States starting in 2010

... diesel truck now costs about $100,000. Adding the urea SCR system will add $10,000 to the cost. How much more will the urea solution that we burn cost? What about maintenance? Will the urea cause corrosion?" Doran says, "Urea can be corrosive to aluminum. Vehicle SCR systems and DEF ...

Book explores global implications of wildland fire smoke

... Australia. It includes a discussion of how smoke that crosses continents and oceans affects global air quality. Radioactive emissions from fires that burn through the contaminated Chernobyl Power Plant Exclusion Zone in Ukraine is also examined in one of the section's chapters. Much of the third ...

Innovative strategies for war wounded

... a dermatologist from Stony Brook University is studying the application of proteins and nutritional supplements to the skin to reduce and repair burn injuries. Adam Katz, a plastic surgeon from the University of Virginia, has pioneered a method of transplanting a patient's own fat tissue to ...

Why binge drinking is bad for your bones

... are Frederick Wezeman, PhD, professor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation and Ryan Himes, a research assistant in the burn and Shock Trauma Institute. The National Osteoporosis Foundation says that many people who abuse alcohol do not get enough calcium. Alcohol also ...

Study sheds new light on dolphin coordination during predation

... 3-5 inches long. To match their 3,200-calorie-per-day diet, they need to eat at least 650 fish each night plus enough extra to fuel the energy they burn during the hunt, perhaps another 200 to 300 fish. "To make that work, they need to eat about a fish a minute," Benoit-Bird said, "and we think ...

Thinking it through: Scientists call for policy to guide biofuels industry toward sustainability

... too, must be carefully thought through by the use of scientific analyses, Melillo says. In some parts of the world, the decision is being made to burn forests to clear land for biofuels crops, which releases a large amount of CO 2 into the atmosphere just to set the cropland up. "You have to go ...

Lessons from the Iditarod

... sled dogs is estimated to be about twice that (300 ml/kg/min). Using A High-Fat Diet to Fuel ExerciseDuring periods of racing, sled dogs can burn up to 12,000 kilocalories per day (kcal/day). This means that a 55-pound sled dog will consume the equivalent of 24 McDonald's Big Macs to fuel their ...

US Air Force grant targets medical evacuation procedures

... who needs serious abdominal surgery that requires re-establishing blood flow to a major organ. The scald/burn model corresponds to a blast burn wound from weapon fire. "Each model has a different inflammatory response, all of them severe and relevant to injuries our soldiers are ...

Older people who diet without exercising lose valuable muscle mass

... that require the expenditure of fewer calories during physical activity," Goodpaster said. Exercise also allowed older people to more preferentially burn fat, which may be healthier metabolically." ...

American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- Sept. 10, 2008

... chambers. Permanent magnets on the piston generate electricity by passing through the coils of an alternator centered on the cylinder. The engine can burn a variety of fuels, including natural gas and hydrogen, and seems ideal use in a future world of climate change and possible fossil fuel shortages, ...

Smoke smudges Mexico City's air, chemists identify sources

... during a holiday, when industrial incinerators were closed, bolsters the case for pinning metals in the air onto burning waste. "If you were to burn electronic waste, you would get particles very similar to these," said Ryan Moffet, lead author on both papers and a former graduate student at UC ...

Ceramic material revs up microwaving

... on a plate and then deliver it hot." However, those accustomed to cooking in a microwave will need to remember that the plates are hot and will burn bare hands. Potholders are again necessary. Food preparation applications abound. A company in Arita, Japan -- long a locus of ceramic ...

Limiting fructose may boost weight loss, UT Southwestern researcher reports

... the use of dietary sugars. It is the liver's job, when it encounters glucose, to decide whether the body needs to store the glucose as glycogen, burn it for energy or turn the glucose into triglycerides. When there's a lot of glucose to process, it is put aside to process later. Fructose, on the ...

Cancer drug delivery research at Case Western Reserve University cuts time from days to hours

... inert and nontoxic." Photodynamic therapy utilizes light-sensitive drugs that, when exposed to light of a certain wavelength, will energize and burn away cancer cells. Because exposure to light activates these drugs, PDT patients must keep out of bright lights for days while the drugs make ...