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Reprogramming human cells without inserting genes

... fully-differentiated cells like skin cells, back to a more pluripotent state. Called induced ... expressing proteins that changed the skin cells back to a more pluripotent state. This technique, ... proteins, the team found those proteins migrated back into the nucleus of the skin cells, precisely as ...

Baylor researchers unravel mystery of DNA conformation

... spring that can be stretched and then spring back to its original conformation. How far can you ... rest of the DNA not involved in the base flipping back to its "perfect spring" state. When the ... and allows the code to be read. And back to the idea of the "perfect spring" behavior of ...

Searching for pollution in the Caribbean

... the age of a particular sediment layer. We can go back in time to tell how a countrys ecosystem was 100 ... the Honduran naval boat slowly maneuvered its way back into port again. Fifteen minutes later, the team ... cask containing the core sediment samples to the back of a Toyota pick-up truck that would take the ...

Laughing hyenas, wailing levees, the sound of cheese and blaring bagpipes

... the walls of the pipe. When the signal bounces back and retraces its steps to the first detector, any ... records the profile of reflected sound coming back from an empty pipe. When the pipe is blocked, ... how long these frequencies took to bounce back to the two microphones on the device. This time ...

A genomic CluE for cloud computing

... and then those sequences have to be put back together again. Putting the pieces back together is what requires so much computing power. There are two ways to put the pieces back together. If a reference genome is available ...

New method developed by UC San Diego bioengineers gives regenerative medicine a boost

... the cell fate too far. Once we turn the clock back we want to turn it forward again to a certain ... damage tissues in patients. You want to turn it back just enough. If you turn it back too far it might be hard to bring it back. We ...

Human adult testes cells can become embryonic-like

... cells from testes and have converted them back into pluripotent embryonic-like stem cells. ... pushing fully mature cells, such as skin cells, back into a stem-like state requires use of cancer ... growth factors. This causes the cells to revert back into an embryonic-like stem cell state, which ...

Oh, my aching back: Give me a shot of ozone

... the pain associated with herniated disks. back pain is the most common cause of job-related ... The bones (vertebrae) that form the spine in the back are cushioned by small, spongy disks. When these ... or break open. "There are millions of people with back pain who suffer and who can't work because of ...

Pulmonary hypertension in children may result from reduced activity of gene regulator

... the clock; essentially you can help the body go back to normal," said Dr. Stephen Black, a cell and ... pumped to the lungs to pick up oxygen then going back to the heart to be pumped to the body. In their ... with heart defects, three times more blood goes back to the lungs than to the body. The shear force ...

Research yields new clues to how we locate objects in space

... objects (such as organs), echoes are sent back to the transducer. These echoes are converted ... Light rays coming from the monitor are bounced back by the mirror, placing the image at its ... results showed that the more the surface pushed back against the transducer, the greater the subjects ...

Reverse evolution in real-time

... of 'replaying life's tape', wherein one could go back in time, let the tape of life play again and see ... original group of flies, harvested from the wild back in 1975. These ancestral flies were grown in the ... and his colleagues placed these populations back in the ancestral environment, for 50 generations, ...

Transporting juvenile salmon hinders adult migration

... on boats can lose the ability to migrate back to their breeding grounds, reducing their ... live most of their adult lives. Adults then swim back up the river to mate, lay eggs and finally die in ... and the open ocean. "Juveniles trying to get back to sea usually go over the spillways or past the ...

Circadian clock may be critical for remembering what you learn, Stanford researchers say

... our daily cycle from sleep to wakefulness and back to sleep again, may be doing much more than just ... between 20 minutes and an hour-the hamster is put back in the box. "A normal animal will spend time ... a hamster that lacks circadian rhythms is put back in the box, it's as if it is a whole new world ...

Earliest animal footprints ever found -- discovered in Nevada

... each about 2 millimeters in diameter -- date back some 570 million years, to the Ediacaran period. ... a similar fossil trail from Canada that dated back to the middle of the Cambrian period, about 520 ... Another set of tracks found in South China date back to 540 million years ago. At approximately 570 ...

USGS news: August science picks

... Species The First Step Home? Salmon's Journey back to Upper Klamath Lake Saltwater Contamination ... . The First Step Home? Salmon's Journey back to Upper Klamath Lake Young Chinook Salmon ... This could be their first step in a journey back to ancestral waters not accessible since 1918. ...

Blood pressure response to daily stress provides clues for better hypertension treatment

... is what stress is and take that information back to the clinic to better determine what sort of ... an hour of stress, a few minutes of relief, then back to stress by getting the young people to play ... periods can't run through mazes well and tend to back off in competition for food, Dr. Jennifer Pollock ...

Birds migrate together at night in dispersed flocks, new study indicates

... follow it for a few seconds before switching back to the first. By repeatedly switching back and forth between two targets, the operator could ... together was tricky, Larkin said. "Even back in the 1970s it hit me that you can have two ...

Looking for the Founatain of Youth? Cut your calories, research suggests

... Saint Louis University research suggests cutting back on calories could be a promising strategy. ... indeed slow the aging process, Weiss says cutting back on calories is a good idea. "There is plenty ... through exercise are not as likely to gain weight back if they quit exercising. The key to maintaining a ...

New research refutes myth of pure Scandinavian race

... found in two ancient Danish burial grounds dating back to the iron age, and discovered a man who appears ... known as Bgebjerggrd and Skovgaarde, which date back to the Danish iron age (c. 0-400 BC). Linea ... as one of the Danish burial grounds, which dates back to the iron age also contained the remains of a ...

Researchers observe spontaneous 'ratcheting' of single ribosome molecules

... not the case. Actually the ribosome can rock back and forth spontaneously, and can do it quite ... ribosomal subunits were spontaneously switching back and forth between the classical (that is, ... this, the EF-G goes away, the ribosome ratchets back into its non-rotated position and the process ...

Arctic ice more vulnerable to sunny weather, new study shows

... there is now less ice to reflect solar radiation back into space. As a result, the presence or absence ... determine the amount of sunlight clouds reflect back to space." The research team also examined ... influential, as there is less ice to reflect it back into space. Dry, sunny conditions in a single ...

Michigan Tech researchers link 11 genetic variations to type 2 diabetes

... intractable diseases. With one, they can cast back through generations to pinpoint the genes behind ... can examine the genomes of family members going back generations. In the past, researchers have ... family, parents and children, but this could go back to grandparents, great-grandparents . . . as ...

Brown hosts regional bioengineering conference

... and a new, injectable method for relieving lower back pain at a conference hosted by Brown University ... in Boston, on a new method for relieving lower back pain. back pain is the second most common neurological ...

Changes in ocean conditions in Sargasso Sea potential cause for decline in eel fishery

... in the North Atlantic send American eel larvae back towards the coast of the eastern US, where they ... into estuaries like Chesapeake Bay. Once back in coastal waters, the two to three-inch larvae ... they return to the ocean. But before they go back to the Sargasso Sea, they undergo another ...

Airborne bacteria may play large role in precipitation

... the bacteria have the opportunity to make it back down to the ground. If even one bacterium lands ... couldn't cause ice to form, they couldn't get back down to the ground," Sands said. "As long as it ... 25 years," Sands said, "particularly when we knew back then it was true." More studies must be done, ...

Helping back pain sufferers to stay in work

... impact on the way that people struggling with low back pain are helped to stay in work. back pain is one of the main causes of absence from ... in which the NHS can work with employees with back pain and their employers to ensure ...

Carbon capture strategy could lead to emission-free cars

... station. The carbon would then be shuttled back to a processing plant where it could be ... and into a method to recycle the captured carbon back into fuel. Once captured on-board the vehicle, the liquid carbon dioxide is deposited back at the fueling station and ...

Eat less or exercise more? Either way leads to more youthful hearts

... or diastolic phase) and the rubber bulb springs back to its original shape, sucking air back in. Similarly, the heart's muscle and connective ... contraction (systole), the left ventricle springs back to draw in new blood (diastole). It's during this ...

Quakes under Pacific floor reveal unexpected circulatory system

... pull in cold water, superheat it, then spit it back out from seafloor ventsa process that brings up ... zone just above a magma chamber, and then bubble back up through a series of vents further along the ... just above the magma. Heated water rises back up through a dozen vents about 2 kilometers north ...

Research explores role of hydrogen peroxide in cell health

... Forest. Once that threat is gone, Prx needs to go back to its normal state. But how does Prx revert back to its usual job and become active again, so that ... unfolded, flipped around and attached to the back side of Srx, known as an embrace, said Lowther. ...

West Nile virus' spread through nerve cells linked to serious complication

... the virus was able to follow the sciatic nerve back to the central nervous system. An untreated ... of virus may already be following the nerve back to the spinal cord. Unless you have a robust ... also plans to test whether the virus is sitting back and passively letting the nerve cell move it ...

Ecologists discover city is 'uber-forest' for big owls

... on in the manicured front lawns and gardened back yards of urban and suburban neighborhoods. ... home life answered the question. We scaled back our estimation on how important birds are in ... to the point now where young that we radio-tagged back in 2002 are having young. Its neat to watch how ...

Saltwater crocodiles can find their way home

... a specially-designed transmitter attached to the back of their heads that collected the data and relayed it via satellite back to the scientists. The results highlighted the ... and 130 kilometres away but still found their way back to their capture sites. One crocodile was flown ...

21st-century pack mule: MIT's 'exoskeleton' lightens the load

... to the ground, effectively taking a load off the back of the person wearing the device. In the ... person can carry, lessen the likelihood of leg or back injury and reduce the perceived level of ... that although the load borne by the wearer's back was lightened, the person carrying the load had ...

A balanced memory network

... there are all the little details that stretch back decades the house we grew up in, the time we spilled orange juice on our test back in third grade, the solution to a quadratic ... neurons they contain. So we're not exactly back to square one, but we're not much farther than ...

Douglas-fir, geoducks make strange bedfellows in studying climate change

... 70 percent or more. And that's important because it is allowing us to go back and create more accurate models of sea surface temperatures and at time ... model of sea surface temperatures in the northeastern Pacific Ocean dating back to 1880. When Black first began publishing comparisons of tree rings ...

Researchers develop 'brain-reading' methods

... report that information by analyzing the pattern of brain activity at the back of the brain where information is processed and then conveyed towards the ... are aware you have actually been hit," explains Hanson. "By looking at the back of the brain, we can 'read out,' for example, that a person is looking at ...

High construction cost for cycads

... costs of this leaf form are substantial." Green leaves must pay back their own construction costs, but each leaf is also required to supply the ... a modest amount of money for one investment strategy is much easier to pay back and less risky than borrowing a substantial sum of money for a different ...

Early initiation of Arctic sea-ice formation

... analyses of cores drilled in this region revealed ice-rafted debris dating back to the middle Eocene epoch, prompting suggestions that ice appeared in the ... to the atmosphere and increased the amount of solar radiation reflected back out into space. "A stable sea-ice regime also suggests the possibility of ...

Reintroduced Chinese alligators now multiplying in the wild in China

... Chinese partners for their commitment to reintroduce Chinese alligators back into the wild," said Dr. Steven E. Sanderson, President and CEO of the ... population suggests that there's hope for bringing the Chinese alligator back to some parts of its former distribution." Plans to reintroduce Chinese ...