Science expands Science Signaling, featuring research related to medical advances, and more

... by how cells talk to each other, through signal transduction pathways. By tracing the intricate pathways ... established an online journal, Sciences Signal transduction Knowledge Environment (STKE). Since then, the ... and Protocol articles offering context for signal transduction research. The site also includes a Database of ...

Investigating the development of mechanosensitivity

... it into electrical signals that are conveyed to the brain. Signal transduction has been investigated very thoroughly, which has led to the development of drugs that block the transduction of pain signals to the brain. Very little, however, is known about how ...

Magnetic nanoparticles navigate therapeutic genes through the body

... gene transfer under clinically relevant experimental conditions. For the transduction of human cells, gene carriers were coupled to magnetic nanoparticles and ... into the cells by magnetic field gradients. The efficiency of magnetic transduction turned out to be much higher than the nonmagnetic procedure. An additional ...

Irritable bowel syndrome can have genetic causes

... the composition or number of receptors on the cell surface. "The signal transduction in the digestive tract may be disturbed and this may lead to ... shows interesting correlations sero-tonin receptors are located on neural transduction pathways involved in pain perception and influence them which could ...

Scripps research scientists identify compounds for stem-cell production from adult cells

... DNA-associated packaging protein modificationbut rather at the cell signal transduction level. The scientists found that when transduced general cells were ... with BIX alone. In vitro and in vivo characterizations confirmed that transduction of only two factors with simultaneous treatment with small molecules BIX ...

Plant steroids offer new paradigm for how hormones work

... play the same role in the cell). To identify the links in the signal transduction chain, the researchers used the techniques of proteomics. "Proteomics is ... by Wang's study will have a major impact on studies of other signal transduction pathways. ...

Moss protein plays role in Alzheimer's disease

... at Washington University and was interested in understanding signal transduction in plants. When I searched the literature, the plant signal transduction pathways were not very well documented as are the mammalian counterparts ...

Penn Veterinary Medicine report new strategy to create genetically-modified animals

... to germ line genetic modification. It also demonstrates that germline transduction and germ cell transplantation in large animals provides an approach that ... transplantation model in the mouse to investigate whether AAV-mediated transduction of germ cells was possible and could result in transgene transmission, ...

When intestinal bacteria go surfing

... - a sort of molecular syringe, through which the bacteria insert entire proteins in the host cell," explains Theresia Stradal, head of the Signal transduction and Motility research group at HZI. Two factors, Tir and EspFU, are brought into the host cell from the bacterium for pedestal formation. Following ...

Discovering the secret code behind photosynthesis

... of communication found in primitive bacteria, may also explain how plants and algae control the process of photosynthesis. Two-component signal transduction systems (TCSTs) have long been recognised as the main way in which bacteria coordinate their responses to changes in their environment. But recent ...

Honeybee researcher to unravel properties governing lifespan with support from Norway

... primarily in the context of female reproduction, Amdam says. New data from my laboratory suggests, however, that the protein can be active in signal transduction Amdam hopes to understand more about the structural and binding properties for the honeybee vitellogenin protein through examination of ...

Researchers discover how stealthy HIV protein gets into cells

... agents that cross a variety of membrane types. A paper describing their findings appears this month in Angewandte Chemie. The TAT protein transduction domain of the HIV virus has some remarkable properties. First, it is a tiny part of the overall TAT protein, containing only 11 amino acids. Second, ...

Biophysical Society announces new and notable symposium speakers

... ligand. This breakthrough represents the initial step in elucidating structural aspects of the ligand binding specifity and the mechanism of signal transduction by this diverse family of human druggable receptors. This is a major breakthrough that could only have been realized with the conjunction of the in ...

Protein controls blood vessel formation, offers new drug target

... the exact role CIB1 plays in angiogenesis. We think its involved in the chemical pathways that control blood vessel growth, such as signal transduction events, she said. It is also likely that CIB1 is one of many genes that contribute to angiogenesis during ischemia, inflammation and perhaps even ...

ASPB announces Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship 2007 recipients

... Mentor: Dr. Barb Sears Amy Rymaszewski, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Project: Identification of Novel Signaling Components in the EMS1 Signal transduction Pathway Using Activation Tagging Mentor: Dr. Dazhong Zhao Christian Santa Maria, University of California Davis Project: Sister Chromatid ...

Systems Biology poised to revolutionize the understanding of cell function and disease

... Finland. By comparison, sequencing of the human genome was an easy task for IT, he admits. Ursula Klingmller, from the Systems Biology of Signal transduction Group, DKFZ, in Heidelberg, Germany insists that the road to success will depend on standardising experimental techniques to avoid conflicting data. ...

Genomatix, AAAS ink agreement

... that allows integration of data from the Signal transduction Knowledge Environment into Genomatix's ... of the journal Science, developed the Signal transduction Knowledge Environment, an enhanced online ... at Genomatix. "The combination of signal transduction pathways, metabolic pathways, transcription ...

One signal elicits thousands of answers

... diseases. In recent decades, knowledge of the important players in signal transduction has been painstakingly accumulated, mainly through the study of individual ... the phosphorylation of a multitude of enzymes and proteins along a signal transduction pathway. In the following step all proteins were isolated from the cells, ...

Researchers discover new form of cancer gene regulation

... are controlled largely by networks of genes and proteins called signal transduction pathways that receive signals from outside of the cell in the form of ... or cellular death as pattern formation proceeds. An important signal transduction pathway critical to early development of humans and animals involves the ...

Novel protein complex enables survival in hostile environment

... a protein that introduces electrons into the membrane-based energy transduction systems of certain archaea. Such an energy transduction system is also found in E. coli and humans," Mukhopadhyay said. "Fsr-C is ...

Finnish scientists discovered a new approach to treat virus-induced lymphomas

... factor (p53) that plays a central role in protecting cells from tumor development by inducing cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis via a complex signal transduction network referred to as the p53 pathway. TP53 gene is mutated or deleted in 50% of all malignant tumors. A recently discovered strategy for p53 ...

Tiny clue reveals new path toward heart disease

... in the kalirin gene, the researchers also identified two genes that are involved in the same biological pathway, known as the Rho-GTPase signal transduction pathway. ...

Pacific Rim researchers to collaborate on distributed bioinformatics analysis of avian flu

... College of Natural Sciences, University of Hawaii. "This will allow us to analyze the biosynthetic pathways of viruses as well as the signal transduction pathways for clues to understanding how avian flu interferes with human metabolism." The Asian institutions ?all members of PRAGMA ?will host ...

Distinguishing friend from foe in the battle against cancer

... Rapamycin, like the pharmaceutical superstar Gleevec, which revolutionized the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, is a so-called signal transduction inhibitor or STI, a small molecule that stifles inappropriate growth signals sent by mutant proteins in cancer cells. STIs may look like overnight ...

UNC scientists solve mystery of how largest cellular motor protein powers movement

... protein to the distant ATP site. “This dynein coiled-coil was completely missing from all previous studies. We saw it could allow a very rapid transduction of chemical energy into mechanical energy,?Dokholyan said. Conversion to mechanical energy allows dynein to transport cellular structures such ...

In drug design, a loose fit may be best bet

... thyroid gland may not seem especially meaningful to the study of communication disorders," says John Northup, Ph.D., who heads the Section on Signal transduction of NIDCD's Laboratory of Cellular Biology. "However this research provides information that is fundamental to cellular signaling, a function that is ...

New stem-cell findings can help the body to cure itself

... the body's own stem cells do just this. Working alongside an American group of researchers, Professor Frisén and his team have identified a signal transduction process that regulates the degree of stem-cell division. "Understanding how cell production is regulated increases our chances of producing drugs ...

Flick of a protein switches immune response

... a much larger goal: how to turn single genes on or off. "This [result] has far-reaching implications for understanding the principles of signal transduction and transcriptional networks of living cells," Chen said. The Cell paper, which Chen describes as spanning 14 years of laboratory work, builds on ...

Basic research leads to a novel cancer therapy

... them with very specific drugs, which attack a variety of characteristics of tumour cells. Therapy with multi-targeted substances which block signal transduction in tumour cells is a new breakthrough in the war on cancer. They attack critical cancer cell functions in multiple ways and are well tolerated by ...

Purdue researchers find key to rice blast fungus

... kills rice plants or causes loss of grain. "We found that this MAP kinase controls the penetration process, which is the beginning of a signal transduction pathway," said Xu, who also was a member of an international research team that published the rice blast fungus genome in the April 21 issue of ...

Nanoscale method for investigating living systems

... ions in and out," says Blick. "Through these ions, your cells will build up electric potential and communicate with other cells. This is how signal transduction is performed in your body, but it is also how chemicals react with your body. When, for example, caffeine enters a cell it stimulates the opening and ...

Nicotine triggers the same brain reward circuitry as opiates

... from nicotine and opiates. "The present results demonstrate that nicotine-associated environmental stimuli can activate the same molecular signal transduction molecules as the drug itself," wrote Blendy and her colleagues. They wrote that the activation of CREB "is evident not only after acute and repeated ...

Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance

... receptor has been widely studied as an example of a large family of proteins called G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), which are involved in signal transduction and are responsible for many physiological processes. Normally, when vasopressin binds to the V2R, it stimulates a chain of events inside the ....

FDA approves more generic AIDS drugs

... of Arts and Sciences. Previously, he and others believed that the proteins -- RAR1, SGT1 and HSP90 -- were required for what is called signal transduction -- relaying like Paul Revere the message that an enemy had arrived, Dangl said. Instead, they are needed to form an even earlier disease surveillance ...

UNC plant researchers discover proteins interact to form hair-trigger protection against invaders

... of Arts and Sciences. Previously, he and others believed that the proteins -- RAR1, SGT1 and HSP90 -- were required for what is called signal transduction -- relaying like Paul Revere the message that an enemy had arrived, Dangl said. Instead, they are needed to form an even earlier disease surveillance ...

Mouse with designer liver has enhanced glucose tolerance, insulin response

... are modulated in liver cells for glucose uptake and metabolism is unknown. Gen-Sheng Feng, Ph.D., a Professor in The Burnham Institute's Signal transduction Program, has focused his efforts on a recently discovered protein called Gab1. Gab1 has a structure that is similar to other proteins in a family ...

Advancements In Genomics Foster Deep Sea Discoveries

... of pressure. “There’s a protein within the membrane that gets squeezed when the cells experience higher pressure, and that triggers a signal transduction event that activates the expression of genes that help the cells to adapt to the increased pressure,?said Bartlett. The scientists found other ...

New understanding of DNA repair may pave way to cancer treatments

... in the May 27th edition of Molecular Cell, points to new targets for treatment of cancer. Ze'ev Ronai, Ph.D., Director of the Institute's Signal transduction Program, and his colleagues found that the protein ATF2 ("Activating Transcription Factor-2") is activated by a protein kinase called ATM ...

Plants respond similarly to signals from friends, enemies

... by the National Science Foundation and the North Carolina Research Station. "Root-knot Nematodes and Bacterial Nod Factors Elicit Common Signal transduction Events in Lotus japonicus" Authors: Ravisha R. Weerasinghe David McK. Bird and Nina S. Allen, North Carolina State University Date: Published online ...