Enzyme in Biological News

Experimental treatment halts hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in newborns

... CINCINNATI Inhibiting an enzyme in the brains of newborns suffering from oxygen ... according to the researchers. The enzyme in this case, tPA, normally breaks down proteins ... leads to increased tPA activity. The enzyme then damages the brain blood vessels and the ...

'Corrective genes' closer thanks to enzyme modification

... Chemistry . "Our team modified and decoded an enzyme structure," says Joelle Pelletier, a professor at ... that our intervention allowed the heart of the enzyme to increase its mobility. This unusual mobility caused the enzyme to resist the chemotherapy agent methotrexate a ...

University of Minnesota research leads to new technology to protect human health

... Minnesota's BioTechnology Institute, developed an enzyme that is used in Bioo Scientific's new ... in the MaxDiscovery Melamine Test kit and the enzyme will be produced in the BTI Pilot Plant ... associate in Wackett's lab, discovered the enzyme while conducting research on biodegradation of ...

Munich researchers discover new target for tailored antibiotics

... step in bacterial isoprene synthesis. The crucial enzyme has a most unusual structure, similar to a ... of the terminal step catalyzed by the IspH enzyme remained stubbornly elusive. Earlier measurements ... and for many years the crystal structure of the enzyme that would provide the proof could not be ...

Toxin detection as close as an inkjet printer

... and the resulting bio-ink forms a thin film of enzyme that is entrapped in the silica on paper. When the enzyme is exposed to a toxin, reporter molecules in the ... The research showed that the printed enzyme retains full activity for at least two months ...

UC Davis grant zeroes in on novel asthma diagnosis and treatment

... of the basic causes of asthma." The enzyme is involved in the metabolism of arachidonic ... disorders, Hammock explained. "It's an enzyme in the same arachidonic biochemical pathway ... cell biologist Sarjeet Gill discovered the enzyme in 1969 at UC Berkeley. Hammock holds a joint ...

Enzyme doesn't act alone in atrial fibrillation

... HOUSTON (June 17, 2009) An overactive enzyme is behind a leaky calcium channel that plays a ... and irregularly." Researchers knew that an enzyme called calmodulin kinase II is overactive in ... were able to show in mouse models that if this enzyme is inhibited, calcium channels normalize and ...

New piece found in the puzzle of epigenetics

... the puzzle of epigenetics: They showed that the enzyme TFIIH kinase is involved in epigenetic ... in the fine regulation of the cell nucleus enzyme RNA polymerase II. This transcribes the genetic ... that a certain region of the RNA polymerase II enzyme the carboxy-terminal domain is involved in ...

Researchers describe 'implausible' chemistry that produces herbicidal compound

... its arsenal, researchers report, making use of an enzyme that can do what no other enzyme is known to do: break a non-activated ... of Illinois researchers first reported the enzyme in Nature Chemical Biology in 2007, said ...

Enzyme involved in inflammatory bowel disease discovered at Penn State College of Medicine

... and in the United Kingdom, have discovered an enzyme that has a key role in inflammatory bowel disease ... is abundant in the intestine. A protease is an enzyme that breaks down proteins in the body. ... altered mice lacking the ability to produce the enzyme in collaboration with colleagues in Switzerland ...

New tool isolates RNA within specific cells

... HHMI. Cleary's group built its tool with the enzyme uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT), a nucleotide salvage enzyme that prepares nucleotides for incorporation into ... the nucleotide analog 4-thiouracil, the UPRT enzyme caused RNA to become tagged with thiouracil (TU), ...

New evidence of how high glucose damages blood vessels could lead to new treatments

... In blood vessels, phorphorylation modifies the enzyme that produces nitric oxide, called nitric oxide ... on blood vessels, the researchers blocked the enzyme OGA, an enzyme that normally removes O-GlcNAc from proteins so ...

SUMO protein guides chromatin remodeler to suppress genes

... SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-related Modifier) guides an enzyme complex that alters the structure of chromatin to ... chromosomes. The interaction between SUMO and the enzyme complex is of interest in the study of cancer and ... The researchers found that SUMO interacts with an enzyme complex (LSD1/CoREST/HDAC) that alters chromatin ...

Researchers identify a molecule that increases the risk of cardiac insufficiency

... of the University of Navarra has identified a key enzyme in the development of cardiac insufficiency. This enzyme is involved in the accumulation of fibrous ... analyzed the expression of Llysyl oxidase, an enzyme which regulates the amount of fibrous tissue in ...

Caffeine appears to be beneficial in males -- but not females -- with Lou Gehrig's disease

... on markers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme protein content and cell death in male and female ... Reduces Motor Performance and Antioxidant enzyme Capacity in the Brain of Female G93A Mice, An ... of oxidative stress (4-HNE; 3-NY), antioxidant enzyme protein content (MnSOD; CAT; GPx1; GR; GPx1 to GR ...

Caffeine appears to be beneficial in males -- but not females -- with Lou Gehrig's disease

... on markers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme protein content and cell death in male and female ... Reduces Motor Performance and Antioxidant enzyme Capacity in the Brain of Female G93A Mice, An ... of oxidative stress (4-HNE; 3-NY), antioxidant enzyme protein content (MnSOD; CAT; GPx1; GR; GPx1 to GR ...

Plant gene mapping may lead to better biofuel production

... the genes were expressed activated to make their enzyme products in different parts of the plants. Of ... a thorough investigation of an acyl-modifying enzyme family, provides a starting point for us to ... location in their study of the acyl-modifying enzyme genes. "We discovered a few unique pairs of genes ...

A missing enzyme conveys major heart protection in pre-clinical work

... DURHAM, N.C. Mice born without a certain enzyme can resist the normal effects of a heart attack ... The scientists found that in mice lacking the enzyme GNSOR (or S-nitrosoglutathione reductase) the ... said. The scientists also had discovered the enzyme in question, GSNOR, which breaks down GSNO and ...

New high-throughput screening technique makes probing puzzling proteins possible

... are most effective at selectively binding with an enzyme of interest. To demonstrate fluopol-ABPP's ... from completely different classes. The first enzyme is called retinoblastoma-binding protein-9, or ... our understanding of the substrates to which the enzyme might bind in normal and cancerous cells. The ...

Quails get super fit by simply eating omega-3 diet

... endurance athletes only improve their oxidative enzyme activities by 38 to 76% after 7 weeks of hard ... levels of a key molecule that regulates oxidative enzyme levels, known as PPAR, Weber could not find any ... exactly how the birds increase their oxidative enzyme activity levels to power their long flight south. ...

UC Davis bench-to-bedside research: Promising treatment in clinical trials

... The compound, a soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme (s-EH) inhibitor, is "a first-in-class drug which ... cell biologist Sarjeet Gill discovered the enzyme in 1969 while researching fundamental insect ... all the way to the clinic," he said. The enzyme is involved in the metabolism of arachidonic ...

Gladstone scientists reveal key enzyme in fat absorption

... Disease (GICD) have found that a key enzyme involved in absorbing fat may also be a key to ... Medicine . "Because mice that lack this enzyme do not gain weight on a high-fat diet, it is an ... study. "Our findings suggest that inhibiting this enzyme in the small intestine might be an effective way ...

The genetics of fear: Study suggests specific genetic variations contribute to anxiety disorders

... serotonin transporter gene and the gene for the enzyme COMT. Serotonin is a brain chemical involved ... neuroticism scores and anxious behavior. The COMT enzyme is involved in breaking down dopamine, a brain ... a variation in the gene coding for the COMT enzyme was associated with fear extinction - volunteers ...

New potential therapeutic target discovered for genetic disorder -- Barth syndrome

... of Barth syndrome and identified an important enzyme in cardiolipin degradation called iPLA2-VIA as a ... a mutation in the genetic coding of tafazzin, an enzyme of the cardiolipin pathway. Cardiolipin is an ... "This is good news for patients since this enzyme is now a potential target for therapeutic ...

Commercial yeasts upgraded with an enzyme for biofuel production

... in Frankfurt, Germany, has discovered a new enzyme which teaches yeast cells to ferment xylose into ... it as unpromising to equip yeast with a bacterial enzyme capable of converting xylose", Boles explains, ... into yeast cells. Finally they discovered a new enzyme that even worked in yeast cells from a commercial ...

LSTM and UoL secure £1.4m ($2m) to develop new 'magic bullet' antimalarial drug

... drug candidates which work by targeting a novel enzyme in the respiratory chain of Plasmodium falciparum the parasite that causes malaria. The enzyme within the parasite is not found in humans, ... research indicates that if we can knock out this enzyme in the parasite we can stop the disease ...

CSHL researchers identify gene that helps plant cells keep communication channels open

... gate-one), which instructs cells to produce an enzyme found only in meristems, the stem-cell rich tip of the plant where new growth takes place. The enzyme improves the flow of traffic through ... CSHL scientists found that this gene encodes an enzyme called thioredoxin-m3, which they found only in ...

Duke software dramatically speeds enzyme design

... all the possible shapes and changes of a key enzyme that produces a natural antibiotic called ... should, in principle, be possible to redesign any enzyme simply by inputting the protein's shape into the ... in a nearly 10-year effort to develop reliable enzyme design algorithms, Donald said. In the process, ...

Gladstone scientists reveal that fat synthesizing enzyme is key to healthy skin and hair

... Cardiovascular Disease (GICD) have found that an enzyme associated with the synthesis of fat in the body is also an element in healthy skin and hair. The enzyme is acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 or ... Jr. used genetic engineering to delete the enzyme in mice, they found that lack of DGAT1 caused ...

March of Dimes provides $2.7 million in new funding for preterm birth research

... labor in some women, investigate the role of an enzyme in preventing uterine contractions and an early ... and premature labor. Her work focuses on an enzyme called caspase-3 that typically is involved in ... that inappropriate elimination of this enzyme from the pregnant uterus may be the cause of the ...

Potential new herpes therapy studied

... approach uses a specially designed RNA enzyme to inhibit strains of the herpes simplex virus. The enzyme disables a gene responsible for producing a ... The University of Florida team packaged the enzyme inside an adenovirus the type of virus that ...

UC Davis research shows that newly discovered drug reduces heart enlargement

... Hammock said. "When that occurs, a key enzyme called soluble epoxide hydrolase is increased." The initial research on the enzyme sprang from studies on insect pest control in the ... The scientists showed they could inhibit the enzyme with a drug made by Paul Jones, a former ...

Nano-tetherball biosensor precisely detects glucose

... a glucose sensor by replacing the biotin with an enzyme called glucose oxidase. The enzyme causes an electrochemical reaction in the ... be used to study the brain and nervous system. An enzyme associated with ethanol could be used in a ...

Disabling enzyme allows mice to gorge without becoming obese, new study finds

... of California, Berkeley, have identified a new enzyme that plays a far more important role than ... , researchers report that mice that have had this enzyme disabled remained lean despite eating a high-fat ... suppresses appetite. "We have discovered a new enzyme within fat cells that is a key regulator of fat ...

Scripps scientists develop first examples of RNA that replicates itself indefinitely

... a large population of variants of the RNA enzyme that would be challenged to do the job, and ... to isolate an evolved version of the original enzyme that is a very efficient replicator, something ... had struggled for years to obtain. The improved enzyme fulfilled the primary goal of being able to ...

HWI scientist first in world to unravel structure of key breast cancer target enzyme

... The molecular details of Aromatase, the key enzyme required for the body to make estrogen, are no ... resolution in an upcoming issue. The other two enzyme structures determined by the Ghosh lab as part of ... for 35 years to crystallize this membrane-bound enzyme and we are the first to succeed. Now that we know ...

Newly found enzymes may play early role in cancer

... HCI scientists identified a previously unknown enzyme process that controls the levels of DNA ... their study is the first clear evidence that this enzyme system plays a critical role in maintaining this ... of a 5-meC deaminase enzyme, a G:T glycosylase enzyme and Gadd45, which is not an enzyme. ...

Rare disease provides clues about enzyme role in arrhythmias

... study provides insight into a calcium-sensing enzyme already known to play a role in irregular ... called Timothy syndrome and that inhibiting the enzyme prevents irregular heartbeats. The findings, ... is fatal by age 3, involves activation of the enzyme CaM kinase II. We also showed that inhibiting ...

Key to 'curing' obesity may lie in worms that destroy their own fat: McGill researchers

... within a few days. This is because they lack an enzyme that blocks the activity of a very important ... but in a reverse situation to C. elegans, this enzyme isn't recognizing it, or something is blocking ... We're making the case that we can uncouple this enzyme from its normal regulation. If we could develop ...

Scripps research team defines new painkilling chemical pathway

... past research, Cravatt and his team identified an enzyme called fatty acid amide hydrolase, or FAAH, that ... have proven challenging. Comparable to FAAH, an enzyme called monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) breaks down ... of chemical compounds against many members of enzyme families, in hope of finding effective and ...