potential

Zygote

...the number of cells increases, the developmental potential becomes further and further restricted. Full article >>> Homo zygote . An organ ism whose genotype is character ized by two identical alleles of a gene . See Allele , Genotype . Host . An organ ism that contains another o...

Vesicle

...ayer in the form of a spherical vesicle membrane potential - voltage difference across a membrane due to a slight excess of positive ions on one side and of negative ions on the other ... Full article >>> Microtubules act as a scaffold to determine cell shape, and provide a set of "tracks"...

Variety

...variety of modification s provides a richness of potential signals not possible with the basic four nucleotide s. In eucaryotes, the signal for nucleotide residue modification is the sequence immediately surrounding the modifiable residue . Full article >>> Plant Variety Act (PV...

Transduction

...nsmembrane receptor s on change of trans membrane potential ... Full article >>> Chapter 9 Presenilin function: connections to Alzheimer's disease and signal transduction Paul E.Fraser*1, Gang Yu*,Lyne Lvesque*, Masaki Nishimura*, Dun-Sheng Yang*,Howard T.J. Mount*,David Westaway* and Peter...

Synapse

...ravel within the neuron as an electrical action potential . The space between two cells is known as the sy...le cells ; responsible for generating the action potential s ... Full article >>> synapse - a highly specialized junction between two neuron ...

Suppression

...ture that kill, weaken, or reduce the reproductive potential of other organ isms. Full article >>> *Parallel Triplex Formation as Possible Approach for Suppression of DNA Viruses Reproduction V.L. Florentiev, A.K. Shchyolkina, I.A. Il'icheva, E.N. Timofeev, and S.Yu Tsybenko Engelhardt I...

Small intestine

...ts in the small intestine . It has many different potential causes. Specific causes lead to different patterns in mal absorption . Full article >>> milky lymphatic vessels of small intestine that convey the milky chyle from the intestine through the mesenteric glands to the thoracic duct ...

Signal transduction

...nsmembrane receptor s on change of trans membrane potential ... Full article >>> AKA: Signal Transduction Pathway Refers to a series of sequential events, such as protein phosphorylation s, consequent upon binding of ligand by a transmembrane receptor , ... Full article >>> ...

Similarity

...ived character s, not the overall similarity of potential group members. Full article >>> HO...ucleotide or amino acid sequence s, often with potential evolution ary significance. Full article >>> comparative biochemistry : the compari...

Selection

...ion al mechanism provides another advantage in its potential to modulate activity. Full article >>> English walnut. The walnut species (Juglans regia) used for the selection of commercial scion cultivar s; origin believed in Persia (= Persian walnut). entomophagous nematodes. Nematodes th...

Sarcolemma

... ( muscle fiber); capable of propagating action potential s. Full article >>> sarcolemma : the muscle cell membrane . sarcomere : the functional unit of the muscle that contains thin actin filaments and thick myosin filaments. scientific method : an order ly process of gaining in...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

...n of ligands for genomically predicted lectins and potential glycosyltransferases are discussed in this chapter. Current knowledge on the glycome s of other model organ isms such as Dictyostelium discoideum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Full article >>>...

Resting potential

Resting potential Main article: Resting potential The potential difference that exists across the membrane of all cells is usually negative inside ...

Responsiveness

...to stimuli in the external environment . resting potential : the inactive state of a neuron in which the cytoplasm is negatively charged with respect to the outside of the cell . Full article >>> Upon receipt, applications will be reviewed for completeness by DRG and for responsiveness ...

Reduction

...y modified food (see ELSI section above) holds the potential to eliminate food shortages around the world by providing disease-, drought-, ... Full article >>> : A drastic reduction in the population size followed by an expansion. This often results in altered gene pool as a result of gen...

Redox reaction

...consolidation, of memories Red blood cells Redox potential Redox reaction A ... Full article >>> The electron is "boosted" to a higher energy state and attached to a primary electron acceptor, which begins a series of redox reaction s, passing the electron through a series of electron carri...

Recombination

...o shuffle their genetic material , increasing the potential of genetic diversity . Homologous recombination is also known as crossing over . Full article >>> Recombination within the yeast host strain has been postulated to contribute to the mechanism of chimerism. Full article >...

Reading frame

...) Regions of DNA / RNA sequence s that have the potential to code for proteins . Related ... Full article >>> Start codon s in different reading frame s generate different polypeptide s from the same DNA sequence . A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article &...

Proto-oncogene

...e corresponding to an oncogene ; a gene with a potential to cause cancer , but that requires some alteration to become an oncogene . Full article >>> PROTO-ONCOGENE - A cellular oncogene -like sequence which is thought to play a role in controlling normal cellular growth and differen...

Proton-motive force

...ticle >>> proton-motive force The potential energy stored in the form of an electrochemical g...;> proton-motive force The electrochemical potential inherent in a trans membrane H+ concentration gradient . The proton gradient is used in oxidative ...

Proteomics

...enes and proteins has been the identification of potential new drugs for the treatment of disease. Full article >>> Chapter 1 Functional post- translation al proteomics approach to study the role of N-glycans in the development of Caenorhabditis elegans ... Full article >>> P...

Protein array

...fic DNA sequence s; or small molecule s, such as potential new drugs. Full article >>> The polyhistidine-tag can be ideally used for the immobilization of proteins on a surface such as on a NTA coated microtiter plate or on a protein array . [edit] References ... Full article >>...

Potential energy

...use (or motion). A tank of gasoline has a certain potential energy that is converted into kinetic energy by...ll down the hill. Full article >>> potential energy The energy stored by matter as a result of its location or spatial arrangement. predation ...

Polarity

... Changed polarity of the membrane, the action potential , results in propagation of the nerve impulse along the membrane. An action potential is a temporary reversal of the electrical potential along the membrane for a few milliseconds. F...

Pleiotropy

...uch as multiple disease symptoms. Pluripotency The potential of a cell to develop into more than one type of mature cell , depending on environment . Full article >>> Pleiotropy is the effect of a single gene on more than one character istic. An example is the "frizzle- trait " in chick...

Plant

...es that infect plant s, the members of which have potential as cloning vector s for some species of higher plant s. Full article >>> embryology - study of embryo genesis, the development of animals and plant s from fertilization to birth/hatching. epiboly - literally, "over the ball...

Phenotype

...henotype s under different conditions. Non-genetic potential variability within the range of a single individual. Full article >>> Trans formed cells tend to exhibit character istics known collectively as the " transformed phenotype " (rounded cell bodies, reduced attachment dependence, ...

Osmosis

...ly-permeable membrane from a region of low solvent potential to a region of high solvent potential. Full article >>> Search for osmosis in these other data bases too Definition of osmosis : Bulk flow of water through a semipermeable membrane into another aqueous compartment containing solut...

Optic nerve

...mical rhodopsin , which in turn causes a membrane potential that is trans mitted to an action potential . The action potential trans fers to synapse d neuron s that connect to the optic nerve . Ful...

Open reading frame

...) Regions of DNA / RNA sequence s that have the potential to code for proteins . Related ... Full article >>> Open reading frame (ORF) A sequence of DNA following an initiation codon that does not contain a stop codon . Detection of an open reading frame in DNA implies the pre...

Nodes of Ranvier

...en algae . Full article >>> Action potential s are only regenerated at the unmyelinated nodes ...lin sheath called the Nodes of Ranvier . Action potential s are able to jump from one node to the next one down the neuron incredibly rapidly. Full article...

Neuron

...emical impulses called nerve impulse s or action potential s. Link to a page describing these. Full article >>> Neuron s communicate with one another across synapse s. This communication is usually chemically mediated by rapid secretion of neurotransmitter molecule s. Full article >&...

Nerve impulse

..., trans ient, self-propagating change in electric potential across the membrane of an axon . nervous system ... nerve impulse ? A nerve impulse , or an action potential , is a series of electrical responses that occur in the cell . (Fig. 2) With the appropriate stimul...

Myelin sheath

...ol by destroying axons' ability to conduct action potential s. Refractory period ... Full article >>> nodes of Ranvier the small gaps in the myelin sheath between successive ganglia cells along the axon of a neuron ; also, the site of high concentration of voltage-sensitive ion chan...

Mating system

...eproduction , and parenting of offspring . matric potential The water potential component caused by the attr action of water molecule s to a hydrophilic matrix. Full article ...

Mating

...eproduction , and parenting of offspring . matric potential The water potential component caused by the attr action of water molecule s to a hydrophilic matrix. Full article ...

Mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometry offers the potential for high speed DNA sequencing and ultra-sensitive character ization. Full article >>> Mass Spectrometry to Identify Cellular Proteins While the 2D gel method easily separates proteins , it doesn't identify them. Full article...

Liver

... inactivate chemicals in a test for mutagen s and potential carcinogens. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> The mosses, liver worts , and hornworts; a group of nonvascular plants that inhabit the land but lack many of the terrestrial adaptation s of v...

Liposomes

...ayer in the form of a spherical vesicle membrane potential - voltage difference across a membrane due to a slight excess of positive ions on one side and of negative ions on the other ... Full article >>> Liposomes . Membrane-bound vesicle s constructed in the laboratory to trans port biolo...

Kinetic energy

...use (or motion). A tank of gasoline has a certain potential energy that is converted into kinetic energy by the engine. When the potential is used up, you're outta gas! ... Full article >>> A measurement of the average kine...

Ion channel

...pens and closes in response to changes in membrane potential (voltage); the sodium and potassium channels of n...to open. Some neurotransmitter s cause an action potential , others are inhibitory. Full article >>> nodes of Ranvier the small gaps in the m...

Intercalated disc

...egion in cardiac muscle which allows the action potential to spread to all cardiac muscle cells , causing the whole heart to contract. Covered in Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulatory System s ... Full article >>> A type of muscle that forms the contractile wall of the heart ; its ...

Integration

..., if an excitatory synapse is strong, an action potential in the pre-synaptic neuron will trigger another in the post-synaptic cell ; ... Full article >>> Integration of the Probe Chamber into the production pipe line is accomplished through connections to the laboratory data base . ...

Immune response

...t reduces gene therapy effectiveness is always a potential risk. Full article >>> The immune response to most antigens produces an anti serum — a heterogeneous mixture of antibodies . Full article >>> humoral immune response Binding of antigen with soluble antib...

Hyperpolarization

...hyperpolarization occurs when a cell 's membrane potential dips below its resting level. Full article >&...ing, the sodium channels become inactivated as the potential becomes more positive, and they cannot open again until they are "reset" by hyperpolarization at t...

Host

...of the receptor s with which NK cells recognize potential targets are NOT diversified like the ... Full article >>> host -- Organ ism which serves as the habitat for a parasite , or possibly for a symbiont. A host may provide nutrition to the parasite or symbiont, or simply a plac...

Homology

...ucleotide or amino acid sequence s, often with potential evolution ary significance. Full article >>> Ptc has homology to bacteria l proton-driven trans membrane molecular trans porters Mutation s Embryo ... Full article >>> Anatomical homology : an example The figur...

Homologous recombination

...o shuffle their genetic material , increasing the potential of genetic diversity . Homologous recombination is also known as crossing over . Full article >>> Homologous Recombination is the process by which two chromosomes , paired up during prophase 1 of meiosis , exchange some dist...

Hemoglobin

...potential stem cell division , restriction of potential and differentiation into a mature red blood cell containing hemoglobin . Full article >>>...

Helix-turn-helix

... indicate a capacity to bind DNA and, perhaps, a potential role for IrrE in gene regulation. Full article >>>...

Glycosylation

...>> APP is a sialo glycoprotein with two potential N-linked glycosylation sites, one of which may contain a complex oligosaccharide chain. Full article >>> The major processing activity is glycosylation : the adding of sugar molecule s to form glycoprotein s. In some cells , e...

Genomics

... Full article >>> Genomics has the potential of offering new therapeutic methods for the treatment of some diseases, as well as new diagnostic methods. Other applications are in the food and agri culture sectors. Full article >>> Genomics has answered one big question: What ar...

Genetic diversity

...o shuffle their genetic material , increasing the potential of genetic diversity . Homologous recombination is also known as crossing over . Full article >>>...

Gene pool

...>>> [examples] Gene pool Generator potential Genes, reporter Gene therapy[using retroviral vectors ] [using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector ] [using no vector ] Genetic code Genetic drift Genetic mosaic s Genetic testing [sickle- cell disease] [with in ... Full article ...

Frameshift

...Designed and implemented new methods for detecting potential sequence errors which can be used to "correct" frameshift s, add quality assurance to sequencing operations, and better detect coding region s in low pass sequence s such as ESTs. Full article >>> "Carcinogens as Frameshift M...

Erythrocyte

...potential stem cell division , restriction of potential and differentiation into a mature red blood cell containing hemoglobin . A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> Red blood cells ( erythrocyte s ) are present in the blood and help carry oxygen...

Electromagnetic energy

... chemical energy. Energy that is stored is called potential energy . Full article >>> An electron absorbs electromagnetic energy to be promoted from the ground state to an excited state. Full article >>>...

Duplication

... Repolarization Return of a neuron to a resting potential . Full article >>> Semiconservative replication . During DNA duplication , each strand of a parent DNA molecule is a template for the synthesis of its new complement ary strand . Thus, one half of a preexisting DNA mol...

DNA virus

...es that infect plant s, the members of which have potential as cloning vector s for some species of higher plant s. Full article >>> Herpes simplex virus es - A class of double- strand ed DNA virus es that infect a particular cell type, neuron s. Herpes simplex virus type 1 is a co...

Diffusion

...usion gradient of an ion, representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential. Full article >>> ANISOTROPIC- DIFFUSION FILTER An image processing method for red...