membrane

Zona pellucida

... - to shine through]. A trans lucent non-cellular membrane surrounding a mammalian egg through which sperm...is a glycoprotein matrix surrounding the plasma membrane of a mammalian oocyte. This structure binds sperm atozoa, and is required to initiate the acrosom...

Yolk

...cle >>> yolk sac An extraembryonic membrane enclosing and absorbing the yolk of amniote emb...rate to the surface and are encompassed by plasma membrane s to form cells surrounding the yolk sac. Full article >>>...

Wild-type

...utants, or the mistargeted protein in the apical membrane neutralizing acid secretion, explains dominant dRTA. Full article >>> one designated B/2, gain the ability to resist infection by normal (" wild-type ") T2. The mutation has caused a change in the structure of their cell wall so ...

Western blot

... ( PAGE ), and trans ferred onto a membrane. The membrane is then probe d with an antibody . Related ... ... fer of proteins from an acrylamide gel onto a membrane filter for the detection with specific antibodies . Full article >>> Western blot ...

Vitelline membrane

Vitelline membrane [L. vitellus - yolk of an egg ]. A thin non-cellular membrane secreted by the oocyte and follicular cells that surround an oocyte and that will form the fertil...

Viscera

...by viscera l peritoneum , a thin, double-layered membrane that reduces friction against other organ s. Full article >>> [Gr. splanchnon - entrails, viscera ]. The cell layer on the internal side of the coelom ; formed by the delamination of lateral plate mesoderm . Later forms the he...

Vitamin

...amin A derivative. Each chromophore is bound to a membrane protein called an opsin. Full article >>> Enzymic antioxidants are mostly inactivated in food processing but the non-enzymic ones can be active also in heat-treated food and might also be active after consumption of the food, as is...

Virus

...envelope (membrane) that is derived from the cell membrane of the host cell may surround the capsid . Full article >>> A type of virus that contains RNA as its genetic material . The RNA of the virus is trans lated into DNA , which insert s itself into an infected cell 's ow...

Vesicle

...bules to their destination. Proteins within the membrane of the vesicle recognize and attach to proteins...the vesicle s make a brief contact at the plasma membrane , release their contents ( neurotransmitter s in this case) to the exterior, and then retreat back...

Ventral

... >>> allantois - extra- embryo nic membrane emerging as a sac from the hindgut's ventral wall; formed from the splanchnopleure (combination of endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm ). Full article >>> Paired ectoderm al thickenings found of the ventral surface of anuran embr...

Vascular system

...t of water and solute molecule s across the cell membrane due to hydrostatic pressure generated by the cardio vascular system . Depending on the size of the membrane pores, only solutes of a certain size may pass through it. Full article >>> Each beco...

Variety

... The variety of proteins in the cytoplasm ic membrane in prokaryotes is greater because of the significantly greater number of functions performed by it. Full article >>> Proteins may be modified in a wide variety of ways, including phosphorylation (addition or a phosphate group ...

Vacuole

...mpty; L. -ole - diminutive ending]. In a cell , a membrane bound compartment separating material from the cytoplasm . Full article >>> Vacuole s in plant cells : the central vacuole Most mature plant cells have a central vacuole , which often takes up more than 80% of the cell ...

Urinary bladder

...of the posterior part of the embryo nic gut and membrane in reptiles, birds, and mammals that functions as an embryo nic urinary bladder or as a respiratory extension of the hindgut, ... Full article >>> looking at cancer cells that had been converted into cancer cells through e...

Urea cycle

...acid cycle and some of the urea cycle . The inner membrane contains the components of the electron transport chain . Full article >>> urea cycle A metabolic pathway in vertebrates , for the synthesis of urea from amino groups and carbon dioxide; occurs in mitochondria l and cytoplasm i...

Urea

...id cycle and some of the urea cycle . The inner membrane contains the components of the electron transport chain . Full article >>> Most of these defects cause significant disability that cannot be treated satisfactorily by such other approaches as modifying the diet or supplying the enzym...

Unicellular

...arried out within the confines of a single plasma membrane ; members of the kingdom Protista display unicellular organ ization; also called cytoplasm ic organ ization. Full article >>> unicellular made up of one cell . Covered in Lab 6 Unicellular and Filamentous Organ ization ...

Umbilical cord

...fuses with the chorion to form the chorioallantoic membrane which assists in respiration , and in addition it is the site of storage of nitrogenous wastes. In eutherian mammals , it forms the vessels of the umbilical cord and ... Full article >>>...

Ubiquitin

...It is located on both sides of a cell 's nuclear membrane and consists of a 20S core protease particle and two 19S regulatory particles. Full article >>> A giant protein complex that recognizes and destroys proteins tagged for elimination by the small protein ubiquitin . protoderm (pr...

Tympanic membrane

tympanic membrane The eardrum . A membrane situated at the end of the external auditory meatus at the junction of the outer and middle ears. ...

Turnover

...racellular matrix but also the regulation of cell membrane proteins , ... Full article >>> The quantity kcat, also called the turnover number, incorporates the rate constants for all steps in the re action , and is the quotient of Vmax and the total enzyme concentration. Full article &#...

Turgor

...re that can build in a space that is enclosed by a membrane that is permeable to a solvent such as water but not to solutes. Full article >>> Turgor pressure builds up in the sieve tubes (similar to the creation of root pressure). Full article >>> turgor : pressure the press...

Tunica

...62;>> tunica Any layer of tissue or membrane that encloses a structure or organ in either an animal or plant . Covered in: Lab 13 Animal Diversity III Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulatory System s ... Full article >>> When they are disturbed, tunica tes tend to squirt...

Transposon

... which allows for insertion into DNA . integral membrane proteins Proteins insert ed into a membrane by hydrophobic interactions Contrast with peripheral protein s. Full article >>> Bar...

Transport vesicle

...olgi apparatus , and from there to the outer cell membrane , where they are secreted. Full article >>...r load of proteins to the Golgi apparatus . The membrane of the transport vesicle fuses with the membrane of the Golgi apparatus , merging their contents....

Transmembrane receptor

Transmembrane receptor s are integral membrane proteins , which reside and operate typically within a cell 's plasma membrane , but also in the membranes of some subcellular compartments and organelles . Full article >...

Transport protein

...;>> A transport protein in the plasma membrane s of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane ( osmosis ). aqueous solution (ay-kwee-us) ... Full article >>> The transport protei...

Transmembrane proteins

...en are transmembrane receptor s, passes through a membrane one or several times. Full article >>>...Redirected from Transmembrane proteins ) A trans membrane protein is an integral membrane protein that spans from the internal to the external surface of ...

Transition

...es the opening of a non-specific pore in the inner membrane of mitochondria , converting them from organelle...e of the endoplasmic reticulum carrying integral membrane proteins soluble proteins awaiting processing processing enzymes ... Full article >...

Transfection

...eful for dissecting further the molecular basis of membrane dynamics and axonal trans port in these cells . Full article >>>...

Transduction

... of transmembrane receptor s on change of trans membrane potential ... Full article >>> Chap...factor from the cell exterior, through the cell membrane , and into the cytoplasm . Full article >>> signal transduction The process by w...

Transcription

...harides, prior to addition to proteins in the ER membrane ... Full article >>> Transcription factor sometimes, interactions between different proteins . Proteins called transcription factor s bind to DNA sequence s, known collectively as regulatory elements , located near the cod...

Trans face

...e modification of glycoprotein s (used in cell membrane s). Full article >>> Once the prot...is the formation of glycoprotein s (used in cell membrane s). Vesicle s from the ER have proteins . Full article >>>...

Transcript

...into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear membrane . Full article >>> Transcript ion...harides, prior to addition to proteins in the ER membrane ... Full article >>> The inclusion or exclusion of different exons to form differen...

Trans

...into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear membrane . Full article >>> Trans cription...e trans port protein s integrated into the cell membrane are often highly selective about the chemicals they allow to cross. Full article >>> ...

Thylakoids

...-bound compartment internal to chloroplasts . The membrane is folded repeatedly into a stack of disks called ...cle >>> thylakoids The specialized membrane structures in which photosynthesis takes place. Internal membranes in the chloroplast where th...

Thylakoid

...-bound compartment internal to chloroplasts . The membrane is folded repeatedly into a stack of disks called ... Thylakoid A thylakoid is part of an internal membrane system of chloroplasts folded repeatedly into a stack of disks called grana . Full article >...

Tertiary Structure

...e and character istic activity (for example, the membrane distal and membrane proximal domain s of an MHC molecule ). Dominance ... Full article >>> In DNA i...

Telophase

...article >>> Telophase The nuclear membrane reappears. The chromosomes uncoil. The spindle ...w set of nucleolus forms along with the nuclear membrane as well as the nucleolus the cell plate appears and begins to slip in two while the spindle f...

Syncytium

...ncytium . Finally, after the 13th division cell membrane s slowly invaginate, dividing the syncytium into individual somatic cells . Full article >>> It is also unique among model organ isms in that cleavage occurs in a syncytium . Full article >>>...

Synapse

... voltage-gated cation channels - contained in the membrane of all electrically excitable cells ; responsible...#62; Ab42 (the 42-amino-acid form of Ab) induces membrane lipid per oxidation in synapse s and dendrites resulting in impairment of membrane ion-motive ...

Survival

... health and disease, the precise control of their membrane dynamics and its effect on motor neuron homoeostasis and survival are poorly understood. Full article >>> A phenomenon in which survival of an ultraviolet-irradiated phage is greater upon infecting a host that has also been i...

Superficial

...apes, but are distinguished from them by different membrane structures, gene sequence s, and metabolism s. Full article >>> The archaeal flagellum is superficial ly similar to the bacteria l (or eubacteria l) flagellum ; in the 1980s they were thought to be homologous on the basis of ...

Structural change

... change s Signal transduction across the plasma membrane is possible only by many components working together. Full article >>> denaturation ( biochemistry ), in biochemistry , a structural change in macromolecules caused by extreme conditions. Denaturation (fissile materials) of ...

Stroma

...ace and aqueous solution enclosed within the inner membrane of a chloroplast . sub- under, beneath substitution mutation A mutation caused by the replacement of one base by another. Full article >>>...

Striated muscle

..., forming triads with invaginations of the plasma membrane called T-tubules. [edit] Functions ... Full article >>> Cardiac muscle fibers are a type of striated muscle found only in the heart . The cell has a bifurcated (or forked) shape, usually with the nucleus near the center of th...

Striate

..., forming triads with invaginations of the plasma membrane called T-tubules. [edit] Functions ... Full article >>> The striate d appearance of the muscle fiber is created by a pattern of alternating dark A bands and light I bands. The A bands are bisected by the H zone The I bands are bi...

Stomata

... the leaves. trans porters Proteins that span a membrane and trans port specific molecule s across the membrane. Full article >>>...

Stoma

... the leaves. trans porters Proteins that span a membrane and trans port specific molecule s across the membrane. Full article >>>...

Spindle Fibers

...omes , the spindle fibers form, and the nuclear membrane disintegrates ... Full article >>>...

Spermatogenesis

...l article >>> stack of intracellular membrane compartments ( organelle ) that function to modify and package secreted and integral membrane proteins ; during spermatogenesis , the golgi apparatus causes the formation of an acrosomal ve...

Southern blotting

...NA fragments separated in electrophoretic gels to membrane filters (nylon or nitro cellulose ) for detection ...NA fragments separated in electrophoretic gels to membrane filters for detection of specific base sequence s by radio-labeled complement ary probe s. Full ...

Southern blot

...NA fragments separated in electrophoretic gels to membrane filters (nylon or nitro cellulose ) for detection ...NA fragments separated in electrophoretic gels to membrane filters for detection of specific base sequence s by radio-labeled complement ary probe s. Full ...

Skeleton

...d diffusion : the movement of molecule s across a membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of... organelles between the nucleus and the plasma membrane ... Full article >>> Many membrane-bound components that regulate actin cyto skel...

Site

...e transport : the movement of molecule s across a membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of ...rticle >>> As with eukaryotes , the membrane controls the permeability of the cell and is the major site of energy metabolism . Full articl...

SiRNA

...r to a dot blot , but the analyte is put onto the membrane using a slot-shaped template . Full article >>> Some RNA genes code for transcript s that function as regulatory RNA s (see siRNA ) that influence the function of other RNA molecule s. Full article >>> Short p...

Silent Mutation

...n The unassisted movement of molecule s across a membrane to a region of lower concentration. Full article >>> This is called a synonymous mutation or silent mutation ; non-synonymous substitution s do cause a change in the amino acid . About half of all SNPs in genes are non-synonymous ...

Signal transduction

... of transmembrane receptor s on change of trans membrane potential ... Full article >>> AKA:...c code ( DNA , RNA ), protein synthesis, cell membrane trans port, signal transduction and energy decomposition cycles. Full article >>> ...

Signal Sequence

...f secretory signal sequence s, presence of trans membrane domain s and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) scores. Theoretical parameters were evaluated with respect to species and chromosome of origin . Full article >>> Secreted protein A protein that is exported through the cytop...

Shell membrane

shell membrane The membranes of an egg that surround the yo... found at each end of an egg , joining the shell membrane to the yolk and supporting the yolk centrally within the shell . Full article >>>...