hormones

Vascular system

...crine system: communicating within the body using hormones ... Full article >>> water vascular system A network of hydraulic canals unique to echinoderms that branches into extensions called tube feet , which function in locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange. wavelength ... Full article &...

Translocation

... and other organ ic substances (e.g., some plant hormones and even messenger RNA s [Link]) manufactured in the cells of the plant are trans ported in the phloem . Full article >>> Chapter 19 Translocation of the cell -penetrating Tat peptide across artificial bilayers and into li...

Transcription factor

...als produced from other molecule s. For example, hormones activate transcription factor s and thus enable transcription . Hormones therefore activate certain genes. Posttranscriptional Control ... Full article >>> transcription factor - DNA binding protein that turns genes on or of...

Thyroid gland

...n endocrine gland that secretes iodine-containing hormones (T3 and T4), which stimulate metabolism and inf...d at the base of the neck that produces several hormones , such as thyroxine and calcitonin. T lymphocytes : white blood cells in the lymph nodes that a...

Thymus gland

...d at the base of the neck that produces several hormones , such as thyroxine and calcitonin. Full article >>> thymus gland A ductless mass of flattened lymph oid tissue situated behind the top of the sternum; it forms antibodies in the newborn and is involved in the development of the...

Thylakoids

...photosynthesis within chloroplasts . thymosins: hormones secreted by the thymus gland that influence the development of the T lymphocytes of the immune system . Full article >>> thylakoids - flattened sac of membrane in a chloroplast that contains pigment and carries out the ligh...

Thylakoid

...photosynthesis within chloroplasts . thymosins: hormones secreted by the thymus gland that influence the development of the T lymphocytes of the immune system . Full article >>> thylakoid membrane A saclike photosynthetic membrane in chloroplasts ; stacks of thylakoid s form the ...

Thymine

... stimulates the production and release of thyroid hormones . Full article >>> Thymine (T): A base ; one of the molecular components of DNA and RNA . Always bonds with adenine (T-A). Transcription : The process by which DNA passes genetic information to RNA . Transcription is the ...

Thalamus

...f neuron s responsible for secretin g different hormones . Full article >>> thalamus [Gk. ... (neurohypophysis), which stores and releases two hormones produced by the hypo thalamus , and an anterior lobe (adenohypophysis), ... Full article >&#...

Testes

...gan , or gonad, in which sperm and reproductive hormones are produced. Full article >>> In males the testes secrete the major androgen, testosterone. Synthesis of this hormone increases significantly at puberty, when it is responsible for adult sexual development. Full article >&...

Synergism

... the sum of their individual effects, as when two hormones combine to affect target tissue s. Synergist syzyg = yoked together. Actin g together. Full article >>> Over the past two years a great deal of synergism has developed between the two agencies, with productive collaborations estab...

Stem

...erior and posterior lobes that secretes several hormones . Full article >>> There are two loci illustrated below, one is for flower color and the other is for stem length. Flower color has five alleles and stem length has two. Practice Crosses ... Full article >>> ...

Starch

... molecule related to cholesterol. Many important hormones are steroids. Full article >>> starch [M.E. sterchen, to stiffen] A storage polysaccharide in plant s consisting entirely of glucose . Full article >>> starch A polysaccharide composed of a thousand or more g...

Smooth ER

...hospholipid s), fatty acids and steroids (e.g., hormones ), ... Full article >>> smooth ER That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes . smooth muscle ... Full article >>> smooth ER The portion of endoplasmic reticulum that lacks ribosomes ....

Seminal vesicles

...gy source. The structures that add fructose and hormones to semen . PICTURE ... Full article >>> seminal vesicles Apart of the male reproductive tract that stores sperm in invertebrates and produces semen in vertebrates . Full article >>> semen : a fluid secretion...

Second messenger

... surface — such as the arrival of protein hormones , growth factors, etc. — to target molecule...cond messenger The mechanism by which nonsteroid hormones work on target cells . Full article >>> second messenger A small, non protein , w...

Rough ER

...re to be secreted to outside the cell (example: hormones ). Proteins enter the lumen (interior) of the endoplasmic reticulum while being synthesized. Full article >>> Rough endoplasmic reticulum ( Rough ER ) is so-named because of its rough appearance due to the numerous ribosomes ...

Response element

...moter . It is through this mechanism that steroid hormones turn genes on (or off). Full article >>> cAMP response element binding protein -1 (CREB-1) is thought to be the primary transcript ion factor in the cascade of gene expression that leads to prolonged structural change s to the ...

Renal

...ortex and the testes where it produces steroid hormones . The smooth endoplasmic reticulum of liver c...a- against cyte- cell corticosteroids Steroid hormones formed by the ad renal cortex . cosmid A cloning vector , used for cloning large DNA fragm...

Receptor

...>> Receptor s enable cells to detect hormones and a variety of other chemicals in their environment . The binding of a molecule and a receptor initiates a chemical change within the cell . Full article >>> Receptor s are parts of the nervous system that sense changes...

Proximal

...or how behavior occurs, including, in particular, hormones , the nervous system , and behavior development. Full article >>> proximal Pertaining to the region near the body. pubic symphysis Joint where the pubic bones come together. Full article >>> A gene (l7R6) critical...

Proteolysis

...ese function, typically in higher organ isms, as hormones and signaling molecule s. Some lower organ isms produce peptides as antibiotic s, such as microcin J25. Full article >>> inter action between two sites which are located within the same molecule . However, a cis- actin g prote...

Protein array

...s, antibodies ; lipids ; enzymes ; peptides ; hormones ; specific DNA sequence s; or small molecule s, such as potential new drugs. Full article >>> The polyhistidine-tag can be ideally used for the immobilization of proteins on a surface such as on a NTA coated microtiter plate or on ...

Prostate gland

...d to the semen . Full article >>> hormones that stimulate mitosis in tissue s like the breast and the prostate gland ) chronic tissue injury (which increases mitosis in the stem cell s needed to repair the damage) ... Full article >>> semen : a fluid secretion conta...

Prostaglandins

...s prostacyclin thromboxane One special group of hormones are trophic hormones that act as stimulants of hormone production of other endocrine glands . Full article >>...

Progesterone

Progesterone is one of the steroid hormones . It is secreted by the corpus luteum and by the... progesterone One of the two female reproductive hormones secreted by the ovaries. Full article >>> progesterone Hormone secreted by the ...

Posterior

...; The posterior pituitary stores and releases hormones into the blood. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and ...he posterior lobe of the pituitary releases two hormones , both synthesized in the hypothalamus , into the circulation. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH). ADH is...

Polysaccharide

... molecule related to cholesterol. Many important hormones are steroids. Full article >>> Agarose gels : A polysaccharide gel used to measure the size of nucleic acids (in bases or base pair s). See " Gel Electrophoresis ". Full article >>> When do they form polysac...

Plasma

...es as trans port medium for glucose , lipids , hormones , products of metabolism , carbon dioxide and oxygen . Full article >>> The inner leaflet of a typical mammalian plasma membrane contains 20-30% univalent PS (phosphatidylserine) and ~1% multivalent PtdIns(4,5)P2. Numerous prote...

Plant hormones

... University) View a general introduction to plant hormones as well as specifics about your fave hormone . Full article >>> plant hormones : hormones that regulate the growth and development of many plant s. plasma : a straw-colored li...

Placental mammals

...the embryo and the mother's uterine wall. plant hormones : hormones that regulate the growth and development of many plant s. Full article >>> placent...

Plant

...ion 2 ... Full article >>> plant hormones : hormones that regulate the growth and development of many plant s. plasma : a straw-colored liquid compose...

Pituitary gland

... (neurohypophysis), which stores and releases two hormones produced by the hypothalamus , ... Full article...erior and posterior lobes that secretes several hormones . placenta : the structure that supplies the fetus with nourishment. Full article >>>...

Pith

...erior and posterior lobes that secretes several hormones . Full article >>> pith ray The region or tissue located between vascular bundles in a stem and connecting the pith and cortex ; also termed interfascicular region or medulla ry ray. pith Parenchymal tissue in the cente...

Physiology

...l article >>> prostaglandins : the hormones secreted by various tissue cells that produce their effects on smooth muscle s, on various glands, and in reproductive physiology . Full article >>> The scientific tradition that stresses the relationship between a physical stru...

Peptides

...Peptides are short chains of amino acids ; most hormones are peptides . They are secreted by the pituitary, parathyroid, heart , stomach , liver , and kidney s. Full article >>> Peptides (from the Greek πεπ"ος, "digestible"), are the family of short molecule s formed from the link...

Peptide

...eptide s are short chains of amino acids ; most hormones are peptide s . They are secreted by the pituit...article >>> Peptide and protein hormones like vasopressin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and angiotensin ... Full article >...

Pancreas

... (the pancreatic islets). The islets secrete the hormones insulin and glucagon , which regulate blood g...enum , which produces digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon . Full article >>> pancreas : a large, glandular organ ly...

Ovules

...e that produces female gametes and reproductive hormones . oviduct [L. ovum , egg + ductus, duct] ... ...e that produces female gametes and reproductive hormones . Covered in: ... Full article >>>...

Ovary

...sponsible for the secretion of several female sex hormones (ie. estradiol and progesterone ). Full article...e that produces female gametes and reproductive hormones . Full article >>> ovary -- In flower ing plant s, the part of the flower which...

Oocytes

...sponsible for the secretion of several female sex hormones (ie. estradiol and progesterone ). Full article...h control pills) usually contain a combination of hormones that prevent release of FSH and LH, inhibiting development of the follicle so that no oocytes are...

Nuclease

...ecretion of pancreatic fluid is controlled by two hormones : ... Full article >>> Nuclease . A class of enzymes that degrades DNA and/or RNA molecule s by cleaving the phosphodiester bond s that link adjacent nucleotide s. In deoxyribo nuclease ( DNase ), the substrate is DNA...

Neurotransmitter

...ter s tend to be small molecule s, some are even hormones . The time for neurotransmitter action is between 0,5 and 1 millisecond. Full article >>> neurotransmitter A chemical messenger released from the synaptic terminal of a neuron at a chemical synapse that diffuses across the sy...

Muscle contraction

...) and Long -Term Depression (LTD); secretion of hormones like insulin ... Full article >>> muscle contraction : a process in which actin and myosin proteins move within a sarcomere . mutation : a random change in the gene pool of a population that gives rise to new alleles ...

Monocistronic

...edecessor- proteins (pro enzymes , zymogens, pre hormones ) into their final structures. Full article >>> In these cases, although the m RNA is monocistronic , the nuclear transcript was polycistronic . S1 nuclease mapping of 5' ends of m RNA s produced by trans-splicing , unlike ...

Membranes

...photosynthesis within chloroplasts . thymosins: hormones secreted by the thymus gland that influence the development of the T lymphocytes of the immune system . Full article >>> mediastinum The membranes enclosing the tissue s and organ s between the two lungs . mediated trans po...

Mating type

...me in the vicinity of one another, they each emit hormones that arrest the division of the other cell . Full article >>>...

Lumen

...re to be secreted to outside the cell (example: hormones ). Proteins enter the lumen (interior) of the endoplasmic reticulum while being synthesized. Full article >>> lysosomes - membrane-bounded organelle in eucaryotic cells containing digestive enzymes , which are typically mo...

Lipid

...the sheaths surrounding nerve fibers, and certain hormones ; includes fats as an energy source. Full article >>> lipid s -- a class of biochemical compound s which includes fats , oils, and waxes. litter -- Leaf litter, or forest litter, is the detritus of fallen leaves and bark ...

Leader sequence

...equence of scretory proteins such as peptide hormones and membrane proteins . 2] The untranslated sequence at the 5'-ends of m RNA molecule s. Full article >>> The extra leader sequence is found in an abundant 94 nt transcript . The small RNA has a 2,2,7 trimethylguanosine cap...

Kidney

...located on top of the kidney s and which secrete hormones such as cortisone and adrenaline ( epinephrine ) ... become overactive and secrete abnormal levels of hormones . Those abnormal secretions, in turn, can cause a variety of medical problems, ranging from kidne...

Interstitial cells

... testosterone and other androgens , the male sex hormones . Full article >>> testosterone Male sex hormone secreted by the interstitial cells of the testes . Tethys Sea A shallow sea that once separated the Eurasian and African sections of the supercontinent Pangaea. It eventually gave r...

Hypothalamus

...f neuron s responsible for secretin g different hormones . Full article >>> Hypothalamus ...n adjacent nerve cell or muscle , they release hormones into the bloodstream. neurotransmitter ... Full article >>> hypothalamus A regio...

Hormones

...synthesizes and secretes at least three important hormones : Insulin -like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Angioten...University) View a general introduction to plant hormones as well as specifics about your fave hormone . Full article >>> Hormones also af...

Homozygous

...s Having identical alleles for a given gene . hormones Chemical substances that are produced in the end...at are present for a particular character istic. hormones : biochemical substances produced within plant or animal cells , or glands, that exert a part...

Heredity

...e process of heredity occurs through the genes. hormones : Proteins produced by organ s of the body that trigger activity in other locations. Full article >>> heredity The faithful trans mission of biological trait s from parents to their offspring . Full article >>> ...

Hepatocytes

... of the ad renal cortex (which secrete steroid hormones ); the cells of the liver ( hepatocytes ) where it synthesis lipids for secretion of lipo proteins . The sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells is SER. Welcome&Next Search ... Full article >>> The various functions of...

Heart

...;> Drugs that block the action of certain hormones on the heart . Beta blockers reduce the heart rate and the force of muscle contraction , thereby reducing the oxygen demand of heart muscle s. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> left atr...

Ground tissue

...sue . Vascular tissue trans ports food, water, hormones and minerals within the plant . Full article >>> Most of the interior of the leaf between the upper and lower layers of epidermis is a parenchyma ( ground tissue ) or chlorenchyma tissue called the mesophyll (= middle le...

Grana

...photosynthesis within chloroplasts . thymosins: hormones secreted by the thymus gland that influence the development of the T lymphocytes of the immune system . Full article >>> The fluid-filled space surrounding the grana is the stroma . Many enzymes needed in photosynthesis ar...