heart

Voluntary muscle

...2;> Maintaining autonomic functions such as heart beat, breathing, control of in voluntary muscle ...rol many in voluntary muscle functions such as heart rate and breathing. Full article >>> In the absence of voluntary muscle action , t...

Viscera

...on of lateral plate mesoderm . Later forms the heart , part of the circulatory system and many other structures. Full article >>> splanchnopleure [Gr. splanchnon - entrails, viscera ; Gr. pleura - the side]. The cellular layer consisting of splanchnic mesoderm and endoderm . It w...

Vessels

...2;> Vessels which carry blood back to the heart from the tissue s. Veins are thin walled and w...eins Blood vessels conducting blood toward the heart in any animal . Also more heavily sclerotized portions of wings of insects, which are remains of ...

Venules

...to force it along. Blood in the veins below the heart is helped back up to the heart by the muscle pump. Full article >>> Their remains get engulfed by macrophages. On...

Vertebrates

...e trunk containing viscera l organ s except for heart and lungs ; in arthropods, ... Full article ...e trunk containing viscera l organ s other than heart and lungs ; in arthropods, the posterior portion of the body, made up of similar segment s and ...

Ventricle

ventricle lower, heavier chamber of a heart from which blood is pumped out Source: Noland, Ge... >>> ventricle The chamber of the heart that pumps the blood into the blood vessels that carry it away from the heart . The lower chambe...

Vena cava

...he right atrium of the four-chambered mammalian heart . Full article >>> vena cava :the major vein in the human heart ; pumps oxygen -poor blood into the right atrium . ventricle : a pumping chamber for blood to exi...

Venous system

...d circulatory system carrying blood back to the heart from the tissue s. Covered in Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulatory System s ... Full article >>> Portal venous system Pulmonary venous system Systemic venous system [edit] ... Full article >>>...

Veins

...ns Thin-walled vessels that carry blood to the heart . Units of the circulatory system that carry blood to the heart . ventilation The mechanics of breathing in and out through the use of the diaphragm and muscle s...

Vector

...ns Thin-walled vessels that carry blood to the heart . Units of the circulatory system that carry blood to the heart . Full article >>> Vector s Figure 3: Comparison of non-integrating plasmid s (to...

Vectors

...ns Thin-walled vessels that carry blood to the heart . Units of the circulatory system that carry blood to the heart . Full article >>> Vectors Figure 3: Comparison of non-integrating plasmid s (top)...

Vascular system

...rdio vascular system : the blood circulation with heart , arteries and veins Digestive system: processing food with mouth , esophagus , stomach and intestine s. Endocrine system: communicating within the body using hormones ... Full article >>> water vascular system A netwo...

Transformation

... and cancer ; atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, heart attacks, ... Full article >>> In bacteria , homologous recombination occurs during conjugative trans fer of genes, during phage infection, and in transformation of bacteria by exogenous DNA . Recombination also contribute...

Tongue

...of internal organ s - liver , kidney s and the heart . Full article >>> Tongue curling, folding, or rolling: (189300) Musical perfect pitch: (159300) Novelty seeking personality trait : (601696) Stuttering: (184450) Tobacco addiction: (188890) Alcoholism: (103780) Homosexuality:...

Tissue

..., or family . A common example is the use of pig heart valves in human s. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O...ells performing a specific function. For example heart muscle tissue is found in the heart and its unique contr action properties aid the heart 's...

Thorax

...brates , that portion of the trunk containing the heart and lungs . (2) In crustacea ns and insects, th...he part of the body that contains the lungs and heart , and in mammals is divided from the abdomen by the diaphragm . 2. in arthropods it is the part...

Thallus

...hetic structure that is one cell thick, usually heart - or kidney -shaped, 3-10 mm long and 2-8 mm br... >>> pro thallus In ferns, a small heart -shaped bi sexual gametophyte . PICTURE ... Full article >>> When seen under magnif...

Thoracic cavity

thoracic cavity The chest cavity in which the heart and lungs are located. thorax In many arthropods, one of three regions formed by the fusion of the segment s (others are the head and abdomen ). thorns Stems modified to protect the plant . Full article >>> thoracic cavity Th...

Survival

... of life. Major causes of death include apnea and heart abnormalities. Full article >>> Th... of life. Major causes of death include apnea and heart abnormalities. Full article >>> Mean survival is 2 to 4 months. Trisomy 13 (Pata...

Superior vena cava

...ior vena cava Blood from the head returns to the heart through this main vein. Full article >>&...nterior body regions, returning blood back to the heart via the right atrium . Covered in Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulatory System s ... Full artic...

Superficial

...nterior body regions, returning blood back to the heart via the right atrium . Covered in Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulatory System s ... Full article >>> The superficial cervical muscle The lateral cervical muscle s The supra- and infrahyoid muscle s The anterior vert...

Striated muscle

...n sarcomere s cardiac muscle : found within the heart skeletal muscle (or "voluntary"): attached to ...are a type of striated muscle found only in the heart . The cell has a bifurcated (or forked) shape, usually with the nucleus near the center of the ...

Striate

...n sarcomere s cardiac muscle : found within the heart skeletal muscle (or "voluntary"): attached to the skeleton and used to facilitate movement Smooth muscle s do not contain sarcomere s ... Full article >>> striate d muscle : skeletal muscle fiber that appears to be banded d...

Spleen

..., the mesoderm forms the skeleton , muscle s, heart , spleen , ... Full article >>>...

Sphincter

...op of stomach to close off stomach (cardio = heart ; sphinct = bind tight squeeze strangle) ... Full article >>> pyloric sphincter The ring of muscle at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that regulates the movement of food into the small intestine . PICTURE ......

Smooth muscle

...and chronic smoking, as well as in the setting of heart failure, has been shown to be at least partly dependent on the production of re active oxygen species in endothelial and/or smooth muscle ... Full article >>> serotonin - increase vascular permeability and smooth muscle contr a...

Skeletal muscle

... findings of reduced complexes I-III in patients' heart and skeletal muscle . Full article >>> Preliminary studies have focused on cataloguing the features character istic of skeletal muscle specific enhancer s and promoter s. Being able to determine the time and place of gene expre...

Single-gene disorder

... Full article >>> one gene (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, and some cancer s). Although such disorders are inherited, they depend on the simultaneous presence of several alleles ; thus the hereditary patterns usually are more complex than those of single-gene disorder s. Full articl...

Sinus venosus

.... in lower vertebrates it is the chamber of the heart to which veins return blood. 2. in mammals it is a vessel of the embryo nic heart , present in the transverse septum, into which open the vitelline, allantoic, and cardinal veins ...

Semilunar valves

...ricle s in preparation for new blood to enter the heart . Full article >>> Again, once all the blood empties from the ventricle s, the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves close. Finally complete cardiac diastole involves relaxation of the atria and ventricle s in preparation for refil...

Right atrium

right atrium : the chamber of the human heart in which oxygen -poor blood enters through a maj...ht ventricle : the pumping chamber of the human heart from which blood exits. Full article >>> The superior and inferior vena cava empty...

Right ventricle

...ht ventricle : the pumping chamber of the human heart from which blood exits. Full article >>&...AV) node Tissue in the right ventricle of the heart that receives the impulse from the atria and trans mits it through the ventricle s by way of the ...

Radius

...of the aorta , genome size) and time- scale s ( heart -rate, lifespan, re action rates) to mass. Full article >>> Primates have modification s to their ulna and radius (bones of the lower arm) allowing them to turn their hand without needing to turn their elbow. Many primates can al...

Purkinje fibers

...t trans fer amplified impulses to regions of the heart to control its function. Full article >>...mulation six times faster than other parts of the heart . A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> atrioventr...

Pulmonary veins

...e oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart . Covered in: Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulat...y veins The systemic veins The veins of the heart The veins of the head and neck ... Full article >>> With the exception of the pu...

Pulmonary artery

...ygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs , where it is oxygen ated. Full a...lood from the right ventricle of the vertebrate heart to the lungs . Artery carrying oxygen -poor blood from the heart to the lungs . PICTURE ... F...

Pulmonary vein

...ood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart , from which blood is pumped into the left ventri...ood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart . Veins carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart . PICTURE ... Full article ...

Pons

...ongata , makes up the hindbrain , which controls heart rate, constriction and dilation of blood vessels , respiration , and digestion . PICTURE ... Full article >>> Pons the closest larger bulge at the top of the spinal cord ( pons = bridge) Population a group of the same spe...

Polygenic disorders

...tion of alleles of more than one gene (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, and some cancer s). Full article >>> See polygenic disorders . Complementation The process by which two recessive mutants can supply each other's deficiency , ... Full article >>> Other uses fo...

Polygenic

...tion of alleles of more than one gene (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, and some cancer s). Full article >>> Together, the trans polygenic animals harbor about 2 Mb of human DNA from the Down syndrome region. Full article >>> Galton came close to rediscovering Me...

Polyclonal Antibody

...tion of alleles of more than one gene (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, and some cancer s). Full article >>> /CD8 receptor /perforin/ apoptosis /clonal selection immuno suppression immunosuppressive drug immunotherapy lymphatic system / lymph ocyte macro phage major histo...

Plasma

...ebrovascular, peripheral vascular, and coronary heart disease, as well as up to a ten-fold increase in the risk for venous thrombosis. Full article >>> Hybridoma : A clone of plasma cytoma cells which secrete a monoclonal antibody ; usually produced by fusion of peripheral or sp...

Plaque

... to the pneumonia-causing form of Chlamydia, and heart attacks. Full article >>> A cardiovascular disease caused by the formation of hard plaque s within the arteries . artificial selection The selective breed ing of domesticated plant s and animals to encourage the occurrence of ...

Placenta

...pools of individually arrayed cDNA clone s (from heart and placenta l libraries) to probe the cosmid library . Positive cosmid s are then used to pursue individual cDNA clone s. Full article >>> Chorionic villi sampling is a procedure in which a small amount of the placenta is r...

Phylum

... is reduced and limited to the region around the heart . The Mollusk body first appeared during the Cambrian Period. Full article >>> Phylum A large group of supposedly monophyletic species - such as the Arthropods (spiders, insects, crustacea ns and millipedes) Phylogeny The ge...

Peritoneum

...l origin that lines the body cavity, covers the heart , and forms mesenteries. Covered in: Lab 12 Animal Diversity II Lab 15 Rat Muscular and Digestive Systems ... Full article >>> Apart from a patch where it connects to the diaphragm , the liver is covered entirely by viscera l p...

Pericardium

pericardium serous membrane that encloses the heart Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology ...ticle >>> pericardium Area around heart ; membrane around heart . pericarp The fruit wall that develops from the ovary wall. Full articl...

Pereiopod

...cavity The part of the coelom surrounding the heart in vertebrates or the part of the hemocoel surrounding the heart in arthropods. Full article >>>...

Pericardial cavity

...cavity The part of the coelom surrounding the heart in vertebrates or the part of the hemocoel surrounding the heart in arthropods. pericardial sinus A cavity which contains the heart . Covered in Lab 12 Animal Di...

Peptides

... They are secreted by the pituitary, parathyroid, heart , stomach , liver , and kidney s. Full article >>> Peptides (from the Greek πεπ"ος, "digestible"), are the family of short molecule s formed from the linking, in a defined order , of various α- amino acids . Full article >...

Peptide

... They are secreted by the pituitary, parathyroid, heart , stomach , liver , and kidney s. Full article >>> Peptide and protein hormones like vasopressin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and angiotensin ... Full article >>> Peptide s . Chains of amino acids ...

Palate

...k muscle tone (hypotonia), an increased risk of heart defects, skeletal abnormalities, ... Full article >>> Cleft lip/ palate Upturned nose Narrow eyelid folds (palpebral fissures) Widely-spaced eyes ( ocular hypertelorism) Dropping of the upper eyelids (ptosis) Overlapped, flexed...

Oxygenated blood

...62;>> The de oxygenated blood from the heart reaches the lungs via the pulmonary artery an...ood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart , from which blood is pumped into the left ventricle and from there to the body tissue s. pulse ....

Oxygen

...> left atrium : the chamber of the human heart that receives oxygen -rich blood via the pulmon...in . left ventricle : the chamber of the human heart in which oxygen -rich blood enters through the bicuspid valve that leads into the aorta . Full...

Origin

...62; myogenic Origin ating in muscle , such as heart beat arising in vertebrate cardiac muscle because of inherent rhythmical properties of muscle rather than because of neural stimuli. myoglobin The oxygen - trans porting pigment of muscle tissue . Full article >>> [L. primo...

Organelles

...ody contains many different organ s, such as the heart , lung , and kidney , with each organ performing a different function. Full article >>> organelles : microscopic bodies within the cytoplasm that perform distinct functions. osmosis : the movement of water molecule s across a ...

Organ

...unctions in an animal or plant 's body. The heart , brain, and skin are three organ s found in most animals . The leaf , stem , and root are three organ s found in most plant s. Full article >>> Organ isms are not passive targets of their environment . Each species modifies ...

Operculum

...;>> Fish anatomy includes two chamber heart , operculum , secretory cells that produce muc...#62;> Fish anatomy includes a two chamber heart , operculum , secretory cells that produce mucous, swim bladder, scale s, fins, lips and eyes. F...

Nutrition

...which genetics play a role, such as diabetes or heart disease, can be corrected with insulin or cholesterol-lowering drugs and diet. Full article >>> The water in this region is very cold (around 3 C), highly pressured, high in oxygen content, but low in nutrition al content. The ab...

Norepinephrine

... glucose in the blood, raises blood pressure and heart beat rate, and increases muscular power and resistance to fatigue; also one of the principal neurotransmitter s; also called norepinephrine . Full article >>> Cocaine and amphetamines also pose risks associated with physical attenua...