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Chromosomes in Biological Dictionary

Translocation

... translocation is found in a child, the parents' chromosomes are ... Translocation Down syndrome refers ... translocation is found in a child, the parents' chromosomes are ... Detailed information on ... translocation is found in a child, the parents' chromosomes are ... Chromosomal translocation summary ...

Telophase

... stage of mitosis or meiosis during which the chromosomes of daughter cells are grouped in new nuclei ...... telophase the final stage of meiosis when the chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear ... ... By telophase there are two separate groups of chromosomes at each pole. ... In telophase II the ...

Synaptonemal complex

... structure that forms between two homologous chromosomes during meiosis and that is thought to mediate ... a synaptonemal complex would form to zip the chromosomes together (see ... Synaptonemal Complex ... two ... Synaptonemal complex – supernumerary chromosomes ... Zip3 Provides a Link between ...

Synapsis

... Synapsis is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. It is a form of ... takes place during prophase I. When homologous chromosomes synapse, they come closer together until they ... association of homologous paternal and maternal chromosomes during the first prophase of meiosis ...

Spindle Fibers

... apparatus is the structure that separates the chromosomes into the daughter cells during cell ... fibers extend from the cell poles to align chromosomes at ... Spindle fibers synonyms, Spindle ... fibers contract, pulling the duplicate chromosomes ... ... spindle and Golgi tendon organ. ...

Sister chromatid

... cohesion essential for the bi-orientation of chromosomes on ... In addition to being required for sister ... ) Also found in: ... Mitotic metaphase chromosomes show sister chromatids ... The maintenance ... on each sister chromatid . ... cohesins on chromosomes are not sufficient for sister chromatid ...

Sex chromosome

... ... A look at the two human sex chromosomes (X and Y) and sex linked genes. ... These sex ...... Each person normally has one pair of sex chromosomes in each cell. ... Variants of Klinefelter ...... The X chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in humans (the other is the Y ... Each person ...

Sex chromosomes

... ... There are two types of sex chromosomes , X and Y, each very different from the other. ...... genes. ... A look at the two human sex chromosomes (X and Y) and sex linked genes. ... Tutorials " Genetics and Evolution " chromosomes X and Y and Sex Determination ... ...

Sex cells

... ... Sex cells have only half the number of chromosomes that other cells ... sex cell unites with ... in the body cells , a special pair of sex chromosomes exist that bear the ... Sex Cells . Paras ... ... A look at the two human sex chromosomes (X and Y) and sex linked genes. ... cell is ...

Prophase

... n. The first stage of mitosis, during which the chromosomes condense and become visible, the nuclear ... from prophase II? ... During prophase the chromosomes are identical chromatids connected at the center ... encyclopedia. ... Before prophase begins, the chromosomes duplicate to form two long, thin ... Concept ...

Polytene

... forming a giant polytene chromosome. Polytene chromosomes form when multiple rounds of replication ... polytene (molecular biology) Having very large chromosomes with many strands ... Retrieved from ... ) adj. Relating to or having large multistranded chromosomes whose corresponding ... various regions in ...

Nondisjunction

... This could arise from a failure of homologous chromosomes to separate in meiosis I, or the failure of ... nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes ... The other maintains that the frequency of ... ... nondisjunction of an entire set of chromosomes during Meiosis I of gametogenesis: ... ...

Mitotic spindle

... apparatus is the structure that separates the chromosomes into the daughter cells during cell ... in which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets ... spindle assembly complex. ... attachment of chromosomes to the mitotic spindle via the kinetochore ...

Metaphase

... kinetochores that are responsible for moving the chromosomes ... Perhaps most recognizable phase of ... ... Metaphase is marked by the alignment of chromosomes at the center of the cell, ... Metaphase , ... and word games. Concept 6: Metaphase . The chromosomes become arranged on ... To see metaphase ...

Meiosis

... of reductional division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is halved. In animals, meiosis ... of reductional division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is halved. In animals, meiosis ... reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in The process of meiosis has many ...

Linkage group

... zebrafish genetic linkage groups to specific chromosomes using ... Table 2 chromosomes and Linkage Groups According to Size. TelGen2 ... 50 linkage groups . ... view and download the chromosomes or linkage groups , click on the links on the ...

Lampbrush

... of most animals, except mammals. Lampbrush chromosomes occur during the diplotene stage of meiosis I. Lampbrush chromosomes are meiotic bivalents, each consisting of 2 ... chromosome. ... XX and ZW sex lampbrush chromosomes in Rana rugosa females. ... ... by 24-48 h ...

Karyotype

... species, including number, form, and size of the chromosomes karyotype the appearance of the chromosomal ... and evaluate the size, shape, and number of chromosomes in a sample of body cells. ... Karyotype is ... individuals and look ... In a karyotype , chromosomes are arranged and numbered by size, from largest ...

Interkinesis

... divisions in meiosis. ... What happens to the chromosomes during interkinesis ? ... interkinesis n. ... to interkinesis ? ... What happens to the chromosomes during interkinesis ? ... Definition and ... interkinesis . ... During prophase I, the chromosomes condense (coil and thicken) and ... ...

Homologous chromosomes

... Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes in a biological cell that pair (synapse) during meiosis. The pair are non-identical chromosomes that both contain information for the same ...

Homologous chromosome

... Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes in a biological cell that pair (synapse) during meiosis. The pair are non-identical chromosomes that both contain information for the same ...

Haploid Cell

... of reductional division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is halved. In animals, meiosis ... ( ) adj. Having the same number of sets of chromosomes as a germ cell or half as many as a somatic ... Once both cell poles have a haploid set of chromosomes clustered around them, ... Information about ...

Haploid

... Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a biological cell. In humans, the somatic ... ( ) adj. Having the same number of sets of chromosomes as a germ cell or half as many as a somatic ... ploidy n. A multiple of the basic number of chromosomes in a cell. [From ... The haploid number (n) is ...

G-banding

... with Giemsa stain following digestion of chromosomes with trypsin. ... R- banding is the reverse of ... staining condensed chromosomes. The metaphase chromosomes are treated with trypsin and stained with ... has allowed 524 band resolution in chromosomes of Microtus kirgisorum. Discordance in ...

Flow karyotyping

... Use of flow cytometry to analyze and separate chromosomes according to their DNA ... Lister Hill National ... karyotyping . ... posted to flow - karyotyping chromosomes by emb51 on 2007-01-29 15:37:02 as ... ... ... of flow cytometry to analyze and/or separate chromosomes on the basis of ... Selected flow karyotyping ...

Diploid nuclei

... the diploid or normal double complement of chromosomes for ... The dictionary term diploid ... . ... You can see a diploid nucleus with chromosomes that have not undergone crossing ... Nucleus ... nuclei which ... meiosis, paired homologous chromosomes in the diploid nucleus interchange parts .....

Diploid

... Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a biological cell. In humans, the somatic ... ... diploid number. the full component of chromosomes normally found in ... Mitosis produces cells ... organisms that reproduce sexually, one set of chromosomes is ... diploid – Encyclopedia.com has ...

Diploid Cell

... ... Human diploid cells have 46 chromosomes and human haploid gametes ... The yeast ... type of ... daughter cells with a number of chromosomes a two haploid b two diploid c four ... ... ... cells have only half the number of chromosomes as a diploid cell ... Encyclopedia ...

Dicentric

... chromosome having two centromeres. Dicentric chromosomes form when two chromosome segments, each with a ... dictionary. ... 2-fold, and dicentric chromosomes and acentric fragments ... Dicentric chromosomes result from the abnormal fusion of two ...

Daughter Chromosome

... centromere, becoming two individual daughter chromosomes , each now with only one ... end of mitosis, these daughter chromosomes are segregated from each ... ... two daughter nuclei, each with the same number and kinds if chromosomes as ... The daughter cells have one ...

Circular chromosomes

... elements and other nucleotide sequences. chromosomes also ... Bacteria) typically have a ... variations do exist. ... essentially miniature chromosomes , which are small circular pieces of DNA ... from circular chromosomes (Stahl and. Steinberg, 1964; Stahl, 1967; ...

Chromosomes

... elements and other nucleotide sequences. chromosomes ... In addition to the normal karyotype, ... of many animal and plant species contain B chromosomes . By definition, these chromosomes are not essential for the life of a species, and ...

Autosomes

... are 22 pairs of autosomes , but the X and Y chromosomes are sex chromosomes. autosome ( ) n. A ... numbered by size. ... Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies ... the HuRef Autosomes Compared to HuRef X and Y chromosomes ... Diversity for SNPs and Indels in Autosomes ....

Anaphase

... φάσις (stage), is the stage of mitosis when chromosomes separate in a eukaryotic cell. Each chromatid ... search ... The chiasmata remain on the chromosomes until they are severed in Anaphase I. ... ... - the stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward ... A summary of Metaphase and ...

Acrocentric

... Communications ... Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies ... duck which is native to Mexico, ... all other chromosomes are acrocentric or (for the smallest microchromosomes) ... The distribution of acrocentric chromosomes into two groups according to their ... Pair ...

Y chromosome

... those of ... Y CHROMOSOME -SPECIFIC MARKERS ... Between X and Y chromosomes , exchange is ... (the nonrecombining portion or NRY) the Y chromosome ... Genetic Data, and ... The Y chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in humans and most other mammals. ... In humans, the Y chromosome ...

X chromosome

... contains considerably more genes than the Y, which has its ... The sex chromosomes raise an interesting dilemma: females (XX) carry twice as ... The ... online encyclopedia article on X chromosome (genetics), ... sex chromosomes , designated XX in females and XY in males. The loci of the blood group ....

Telomere

... chromosome; ' telomeres act as caps to keep the sticky ends of chromosomes from randomly clumping Telomere | Macmillan Genetics. Telomere ... is a region of highly repetitive DNA ... Thus each of the daughter chromosomes will have a shortened telomere . ... Telomeres and Cellular Aging ... ...

Sperm cells

... Spermatozoa The mature sperm cell (spermatozoa) ... cells have 46 chromosomes but sperm have ... Some sperm cells are 'better' swimmers than others. Why? ... All normal cells have 46 chromosomes but sperm have half that number or, 23. If ... ... from Newcastle ...

Sister Chromatids

... to ... of sister chromatids to opposite ... Mitotic metaphase chromosomes show sister chromatids ... of sister - chromatid cohesion is ... ... of the mechanism of sister chromatid ... During mitosis replicated chromosomes ( sister chromatids ) ... two sister chromatids are identical ... ...
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