carrier

Yellow fever

... eliminated from the body. There are no smallpox " carrier s" as there are for such diseases as typhoid fever and malaria. Full article >>> Later the team was renamed as Manchester United. Yellow fever in Mississippi Valley - over 13.000 dead US arbitration rejects Argentinean claims to Pa...

X chromosome

...X-linked recessive conditions, a normal female " carrier " passes on the mutated X chromosome to an affected son. X-ray crystallography. Full article >>> : The phenomenon in women, who have two copies of genes on the X chromosome , of having the same level of the products of those genes a...

Virion

... through direct contact or through a vector , or carrier . Full article >>> (b) We have obtained packaging of 160-180 kb exogenous DNA into infectious virion s using the human lymph otropic Epstein-Barr virus . Full article >>> virion A single virus particle. virus...

Vector

...all. Full article >>> vector [L. carrier ] In recombinant DNA , a small, self-replicating ... Full article >>> vector s : the carrier s of DNA genes to be insert ed into cells . veins : channels through which fluid flows toward t...

Vectors

...s. Full article >>> vectors : the carrier s of DNA genes to be insert ed into cells . veins : channels through which fluid flows toward the heart . vena cava :the major vein in the human heart ; pumps oxygen -poor blood into the right atrium . Full article >>> Ve...

Transport protein

...tly into cells . Full article >>> carrier proteins - membrane transport protein that binds to a solute and trans ports it across the membrane by undergoing a series of conformation al changes ... Full article >>> active transport A process that requires an expenditure...

Trans

...; Electron Trans portChain a system of electron carrier s embedded into the inner membrane of a mitochondrion to trans fer energy from electrons to O2 to form water (elektron = amber from the electrical charge produced by rubbing [friction] on amber) ... Full article >>> The inclusion o...

Theory

...d to chromosomes and that chromosomes are the carrier s of the genetic material Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics , 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row ... Full article >>> A theory to account for the high degree of antibody variability found in population . The ...

Species

... rank C. Full article >>> electron carrier A protein or other chemical species , such as a cytochrome or coenzyme Q, that can reversibly gain and lose electrons. Full article >>> Transformation Usually refers to passive uptake of DNA by cells , although in nature som...

Sequence

...rticle >>> A sequence of electron- carrier molecule s (membrane proteins ) that shuttle electrons during the redox reaction s that release energy used to make ATP . electronegativity The tendency for an atom to pull electrons toward itself. Full article >>> The sequence...

Redox reaction

...eceives electrons in a redox reaction . electron carrier A protein or other chemical species , such as ...passing the electron through a series of electron carrier s, ... Full article >>> Reactions in which one atom or compound is reduced and an...

Recessive

...outward signs of the condition, but will become a carrier of the recessive gene . Full article >>> : The production of a wildtype phenotype when two recessive mutation s from different genes are brought together. Full article >>> In diploid s, a deleterious recessi...

Recessive gene

...outward signs of the condition, but will become a carrier of the recessive gene . Full article >>> Recessive gene tic character s are not modified when in the presence of the dominant character , but can be recovered on further crossing . The segregation of differentiating trait s...

Promoter

...ion redox potential,E - a measure of an electron carrier 's affinity for electrons ... Full article >>> promoter A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase and indicates where to start trans cribing RNA . prophage ... Full article >>> promot...

Pollination

...to the stigma of a carpel by wind or animal carrier s, a prerequisite to fertilization . Full article >>> pollination The trans fer of pollen to a receptive surface; the stigma in angiosperm s or the pollination droplet in most gymnosperms . pollinator An organ ism that effec...

Package

... through direct contact or through a vector , or carrier . Full article >>> One of the threadlike " package s" of genes and other DNA in the nucleus of a cell . Different kinds of organ isms have different numbers of chromosomes . Human s have 23 pairs of chromosomes , 46 in all: 44...

Oxidation

...xidation / reduction via an intermediary (energy carrier ) compound , in this case NAD+. Images from Purves et al. Full article >>> oxidation The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction . oxidative phosphorylation ... Full article >>> oxidation ...

Origin

.... Full article >>> A23187 - mobile- carrier calcium ionophore (allows Ca++ ions to cross cell membrane s) origin ally isolated as an antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. Also known as Calcimycin, Antibiotic A23187. Full article >>> I began writing this book while ...

Nucleotide

...denine Di nucleotide (FAD FADH) another electron carrier similar to NAD+ (plays a role in the Krebs cycle ) (FAD + 2 e- + 2 H+ FADH2 ; flav = yellow) Flexor a muscle which bends a joint (flex = bend pliant) ... Full article >>> A matrix composed of a highly purified form of agar th...

Nucleosome

... transcription al control, and appear to be major carrier s of epigenetic ally inherited information as well. Full article >>> Nucleosome The basic structural unit of chromatin in which DNA is wrapped around a core of histone molecule s. Related Terms: Chromatin ... Full article ...

Niche

...icotine adenine di nucleotide A local electron carrier that trans fers hydrogen atoms and electrons within metabolic pathways; a free-moving carrier , not membrane bound in a trans port system; NAD+. Full article >>> ecological nich...

NADPH

... nucleotide phosphate that serves as an electron carrier . Full article >>> NADPH oxidase (in both type of phagocytes ) myeloperoxidase (in neutrophils only) ROS Activity Strong oxidants like the various ROS can damage other molecule s and the cell structures of which they are a par...

Multiplexing

...to add an extra, even higher frequency, 57 kHz sub carrier , which is used to carry low-bandwidth digit al Radio Data System information, ... Full article >>>...

Mitochondrion

...s folds called cristae . These folds contain the carrier s of the electron trans port system. Acetyl CoA formation and the Krebs cycle occur in the inner space called the matrix. Full article >>> mitochondrion -- Complex organelle found in most eukaryotes ; believed to be descended f...

Membranes

... substance across a cell membrane mediated by a carrier molecule in the membrane. Full article >>> Meninges the three membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (sing = meninx; meninx = a membrane) Meningitis inflammation (infection) of the meninges (meninx = a membrane; -itis = ...

Marker

...e >>> The unfortunate use of ‘ carrier ' to describe individuals positive for a genetic marker is wrong, and the use of ‘ carrier frequency' in that context should be replaced by ‘ marker frequency'. Full article >...

Liposomes

... (PEG). Full article >>> Synthetic carrier s like liposomes can also be used to carry genes. Liposomes are microscopic lipid vesicle s that are readily taken up by cells . If they are coated with DNA , the DNA is also taken up. Products Made Using Biotechnology ... Full article ...

Lipid

...luble substance that forms a channel or acts as a carrier in a lipid bilayer membrane to allow specific ions can move across the membrane. A23187 is an example of a calcium ionophore. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> lipid s One of the four class...

Ion channel

...udio for televis ion channel 6 is broadcast at a carrier frequency of 87. Full article >>> A substance that binds specifically, and non-covalently; as in a ligand-gated ion channel . Full article >>> Released neurotransmitter s diffuse across the cleft, and bind to recepto...

Insert

... . Full article >>> vectors : the carrier s of DNA genes to be insert ed into cells . veins : channels through which fluid flows toward the heart . vena cava :the major vein in the human heart ; pumps oxygen -poor blood into the right atrium . Full article >>> BAC...

Heterozygous

... Full article >>> A heterozygous carrier of red-green colorblindness has some colorblind ... so deadly, why are so many people heterozygous carrier s of the disease? Moreover, why does the disease afflict predominantly one racial group? Surpisingly...

Heterozygote

...le >>> Heterozygote sickle cell carrier s are much more resistant to malaria than those with just normal hemoglobin . Full article >>> Codominant alleles occur when rather than express ing an intermediate phenotype , the heterozygote s express both homozygous ph...

Heredity

... cell s suggested that the chromosomes were the carrier s of heredity . Full article >>> Gene : The fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity (Usually DNA , Some organ isms have RNA a gene ). Full article >>> Definition: The principles that govern heredit...

Haploid Cell

...ually) that are immunogenic only when attached to carrier molecule s, usually proteins . Full article >>> Haploid cell . A cell containing only one set, or half the usual ( diploid ) number, of chromosomes . Full article >>> The four haploid cell s formed at the end of ...

Genetics

...ort will be debated in terms of diseases, disease carrier s, predispositions, ... Full article >>> Search for genetics in these other data bases too Definition of genetics : (1) The study of genes through their variation . (2) The study of inheritance . Full article >>> ...

Genetic testing

...ic testing is used to determine if a person is a carrier of a particular gene , which then may lead to a determination of whether the person is predisposed to a particular disease or presymptomatic for a particular disease. Full article >>> Genetic testing for high-risk individuals, with...

Genetic marker

...e >>> The unfortunate use of ‘ carrier ' to describe individuals positive for a genetic marker is wrong, and the use of ‘ carrier frequency' in that context should be replaced by ‘ marker frequency'. Full article >...

Genetic disease

...X-linked recessive conditions, a normal female " carrier " passes on the mutated X chromosome to an affected son A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> The genetic disease s are divided into two categories: chromosomal abnormalities and gene abnormaliti...

Founder effect

...tral group when one or more of the founders was a carrier of that allele ... Full article >>> Founder Effect Genetic Drift Balanced Polymorphism Polymorphisms A polymorphism is a genetic variant that appears in at least 1% of a population . Full article >>> Fou...

FADH2

...icle >>> NADH and FADH2 , electron carrier molecule s that were "loaded" during the citric...t instead this energy is captured by a new energy carrier , Flavin adenine di nucleotide (FAD). FAD is reduced by the addition of two H's to become FADH2 ...

Facilitated diffusion

...assage of molecule s and ions, bound to specific carrier proteins , across a biological membrane down the...sisted by the concentration gradient , a type of carrier -assisted trans port known as facilitated diffusion . Full article >>>...

Electron transport chain

...lectron transport chain A sequence of electron- carrier molecule s (membrane proteins ) that shuttle el...n transport chain In a cell membrane , electron carrier s and enzymes positioned in an organ ized array that enhance oxidation - reduction reactions; s...

Cytochromes

... cytochromes Heme proteins serving as electron carrier s in cellular respiration , photosynthesis , or other redox reaction s. Cytochrome c, for example cytokinesis The final separation of daughter cell s following mitosis . Full article >>>...

Conformation

...ake a closer fit. Full article >>> carrier proteins - membrane transport protein that binds to a solute and trans ports it across the membrane by undergoing a series of conformation al changes ... Full article >>> When rhodopsin (Rh) absorbs a photon of light its chr...

Concentration gradient

...sisted by the concentration gradient , a type of carrier -assisted trans port known as facilitated diffus...ane against its concentration gradient , using a carrier protein and energy from ATP A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full artic...

Cofactors

...cofactors are vitamin -derivatives and serve as carrier s to trans fer electrons, atoms, or functional groups from an enzyme to a substrate . Full article >>> Enzyme cofactors Many enzymes require the presence of an additional, non protein , cofactor. Full article >>>...

Coenzyme

...thesized from riboflavin. FAD acts as an electron carrier in energy metabolism . A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> coenzyme s - Small molecule tightly associated with an enzyme that participates in the re action that the enzyme catalyzes, oft...

Chromosome

... chromosome s and that chromosome s are the carrier s of the genetic material Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics , 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row ... Full article >>> Chromosome size and centromere position are, in many species , insufficient to unambiguous...

Cellular respiration

... cytochromes Heme proteins serving as electron carrier s in cellular respiration , photosynthesis , or other redox reaction s. Cytochrome c, for example cytokinesis The final separation of daughter cell s following mitosis . Full article >>>...

Cell membrane

...? Full article >>> A23187 - mobile- carrier calcium ionophore (allows Ca++ ions to cross cell membrane s) origin ally isolated as an antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. Also known as Calcimycin, Antibiotic A23187. Full article >>> The material between the nuclear...

Carrier

.... Full article >>> An asymptomatic carrier (or just carrier ), is a person who is infected with an infectious disease or carries the abnormal gene of a reces...

Carbohydrate

...Nicotinamide-containing coenzyme functioning as carrier s of hydrogen atoms and electrons in some redox reaction s, notably carbohydrate and lipid catabolism . Full article >>> Many biological effects of complex carbohydrate s are mediated by lectins that contain discrete carbohyd...

Blood clotting

...e princesses Alice and Beatrix, were asymptomatic carrier s of the X-linked hemophilia gene (more precisely, an abnormal allele of a gene necessary to produce one of the blood clotting factors). Full article >>> A chemical used to prevent blood clotting . Examples: EDTA, heparin, sod...

Antigen

...le , even small molecule s if coupled to a large carrier (haptens). Full article >>> The adaptive immune response depends on the creation of suitable peptides from foreign antigen s for display on MHC molecule s to T lymphocytes . Full article >>> They are successful...

Antibiotic

.... Full article >>> A23187 - mobile- carrier calcium ionophore (allows Ca++ ions to cross cell membrane s) origin ally isolated as an antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. Also known as Calcimycin, Antibiotic A23187. Full article >>> With respect to cloning of DN...

Alleles

...ith regard to fitness , on average the number of carrier s in one generation is proportional to the number of carrier s in the last. Full article >>> multiple alleles A condition in which more than t...

Adenine

...Nicotinamide-containing coenzyme functioning as carrier s of hydrogen atoms and electrons in some redox reaction s, notably carbohydrate and lipid catabolism . Full article >>> It is proposed that the adenine nucleotide trans locase (ANT) is converted into a non-specific pore thr...