carbohydrate

Vitamin

...; vitamin An organ ic substance other than a carbohydrate , lipid , or protein that is needed for normal metabolism but cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by the body. Full article >>> Vitamin s Mineral and/or vitamin (tocotrienol and tocopherol) deficiency or excess may yi...

Uracil

... ; similar to DNA in structure but contains the carbohydrate ribose and the pyrimidine uracil rather than thymine . Full article >>> components of nucleotide s (despite the basic nature of nucleotide s, nucleic acids are acidic due to the phosphate atoms they contain). The five bases ...

Starch

...l article >>> Starch is a complex carbohydrate which is insoluble in water. Starch (in particu...e s. Full article >>> starch like carbohydrate stored in the liver and other tissue s and in certain algae and fungi Source: Noland, George...

Pyruvic acid

... that is common to both aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate catabolism . Full article >>>...

Protons

... for example H2SO4 or oxalic acid. disaccharide A carbohydrate consisting of two covalently joined monosaccharide units. Sucrose for example, is composed of glucose and fructose . Full article >>> Coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase: participates in the electron trans fer chain by reducing ...

Polysaccharide

...Full article >>> polysaccharide A carbohydrate composed of many monosaccharide units, for exampl...rticle >>> polysaccharide A large carbohydrate molecule with a chainlike or branched structrure composed of many monosaccharides . Functions in...

Nucleotide

...ins a nitrogen base , a phosphate group , and a carbohydrate molecule . nucleus : the organelle within eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material , DNA . O ... Full article >>> nucleotide A molecule consisting of phosphate, 5-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose ), and a p...

NADPH

...osynthesis is to ____. a) supply hydrogen to the carbohydrate ; b) supply carbon to the carbohydrate ; c) supply energy that can be used to form a carbohydrate ; d) trans fer oxygen s from the third...

Monosaccharides

...bon skeleton ; e.g., glucose and fructose . A carbohydrate composed of a single sugar unit, such as glucose...ructose . Full article >>> A large carbohydrate molecule with a chainlike or branched structrure composed of many monosaccharides . Functions in...

Lysis

...Glyco lysis is the initial metabolic pathway of carbohydrate catabolism . The most common and well-known form of glyco lysis is the Embden -Meyerhof pathway. The term can be taken to include alternative pathways, such as the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway. Full article >>> Glyco lysis is the ...

Lipids

...ilar in structure to fats , but in which a short carbohydrate chain rather than a fatty acid is attached to the third carbon of the glycerol molecule ; as a result, ... Full article >>> fats : lipids composed of a glycerol and fatty acids . fatty acids : long chains of carbon atoms with ...

Lipid

...ipid - membrane lipid molecule with a short carbohydrate chain attached to a hydrophobic tail. glycolysis - the degradation of carbohydrates in a sequence of enzymatically catalyzed steps. Full article >>> Phospho lipid . A class of lipid molecule s in which a phos- phate grou...

Insulin

...l medium. Full article >>> A large carbohydrate molecule with a chainlike or branched structrure composed of many monosaccharides . Functions in storage (ex. starch , insulin , glycogen ) or structre (ex. cellulose , chitin .) Covered in Lab 5 Fermentation and Respiration ... Full ar...

Hydrolytic enzyme

Hydrolytic enzyme s break down protein , carbohydrate , and fat molecule s into their simplest units. The hydrolysis of polymers by hydrolytic enzyme s results in free monomers. Full article >>> (Redirected from Hydrolytic enzyme ) Jump to: navigation, search In biochemistry , a hyd...

Glycoprotein

Glycoprotein s have carbohydrate attached to them. The attachment is a covalent l...s a macro molecule composed of a protein and a carbohydrate (an oligosaccharide). The carbohydrate is attached to the protein in a cotranslational or postt...

Glycolysis

... Glycolysis is the initial metabolic pathway of carbohydrate catabolism . The most common and well-known form of glycolysis is the Embden -Meyerhof pathway. The term can be taken to include alternative pathways, such as the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway. Full article >>> Glycolysis During glyc...

Glycolipid

Glycolipid s are carbohydrate -attached lipids . Their role is to provide energ...lipid - membrane lipid molecule with a short carbohydrate chain attached to a hydrophobic tail. glycolysis - the degradation of carbohydrates in a seque...

Glycogen

glycogen starch like carbohydrate stored in the liver and other tissue s and in ...charide constituting the principal form in which carbohydrate is stored in animals ; animal starch . Full article >>> Glycogen a storage po...

Glucagon

...ycogen to glucose in the liver . glucose : a carbohydrate with the chemical formula C6H12O6 that serves as the primary carbon source of living things. Full article >>> glucagon [Gk. glykys, sweet + ago, to lead toward] A peptide hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that rai...

Glucose

...on . Full article >>> glucose : a carbohydrate with the chemical formula C6H12O6 that serves as ...e (C6H12O6) An important monosaccharide (simple carbohydrate ) that acts as a primary energy supply for both plant and animal cells . Covered in Lab 4 Cellu...

Gene knockout

... tissue rejection is an immune re action to the carbohydrate galactose-a-1,3,-galactose on the surface of non- human cells . Full article >>> RNA interference Gene knockout Transgenic s and over expression Mapping , cloning , and sequencing Gene expression ... Full article ...

Fructose

... with the formula C6H12O6 (fruct = fruit; -ose = carbohydrate ending) ... Full article >>> fructose a simple carbohydrate (monosaccharide) that is a structural isomer of glucose and considered to be an atypical ketose. ...

Frond

...to those of palms and ferns. fructose a simple carbohydrate (monosaccharide) that is a structural isomer of glucose and considered to be an atypical ketose. Full article >>> Ferns have frond s. Conifer leaves are typically needle-, awl-, or scale -shaped Angiosperm ( flower ing plant ...

Fossil

... with the formula C6H12O6 (fruct = fruit; -ose = carbohydrate ending) ... Full article >>> New Fossil s During the 1990s archaeologists unearthed dozens of new fossil hominids. These have been particularly useful for illuminating the changes that took place as the human lineage split from...

Fats

...ilar in structure to fats , but in which a short carbohydrate chain rather than a fatty acid is attached to the third carbon of the glycerol molecule ; as a result, the molecule has a hydrophilic "head" and a hydrophobic "tail. Full article >>> The process by which fats , in the form of Acyl...

Enzyme

...2; Hydrolytic enzyme s break down protein , carbohydrate , and fat molecule s into their simplest units. The hydrolysis of polymers by hydrolytic enzyme s results in free monomers. Full article >>> Enzyme s can act rapidly, as in the case of carbonic anhydrase ( enzyme s typically...

Disaccharides

...t. Full article >>> A The simplest carbohydrate , active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides . Also known as simple sugars, the molecular formulas of monosaccharides are generally some multiple of CH2O. monotreme ... Full article >>>...

Deoxyribose

... >>> deoxyribose : the five-carbon carbohydrate attached to purine or pyrimidine bases within DNA molecule s. dermal tissue : the tissue that functions to protect the plant from injury and water loss and covers the outside of the plant . Full article >>> An organ ic...

Deoxyribonucleic acid

... acid : see DNA . deoxyribose : the five-carbon carbohydrate attached to purine or pyrimidine bases within DNA molecule s. Full article >>> ( deoxyribonucleic acid ): The large double- strand ed molecule carrying the genetic code . It consists of four bases ( adenine , guanine , ...

Dendrites

... acid : see DNA . deoxyribose : the five-carbon carbohydrate attached to purine or pyrimidine bases within DNA molecule s. Full article >>> Most neuron s are referred to as "bipolar"; they have a cell body and many small extensions, called dendrites , at one end which receive infor...

Dendrite

... acid : see DNA . deoxyribose : the five-carbon carbohydrate attached to purine or pyrimidine bases within DNA molecule s. Full article >>> dendrite - extension of a nerve cell , typically branched and relatively short, that receives stimuli from other nerve cells ... Full articl...

Conformation

...ptimal. Full article >>> Whether a carbohydrate is D or L has to do with the isomeric conformation of the hydroxyl on carbon 5. If it is to the right in the Fischer projection, then the ring form will be the D enantiomer, if it is to the left, it will be the L enantiomer. Full article >...

Compound

... that is common to both aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate catabolism . Full article >>> Pyrimidine : A nitrogen- containing, double- ring, basic compound that occurs in nucleic acids . The pyrimidine s in DNA are cytosine and thymine ; in RNA , cytosine and uracil . R ... Ful...

Codominant

...allo enzyme . Full article >>> The carbohydrate chain is attached to a membrane protein or lipid . Blood type B cells have have a different carbohydrate chain. Type AB cells have both A and B chains. IA and IB are codominant because both phenotype...

Chitin

... Full article >>> chitin -- n. A carbohydrate polymer found in the cell wall s of fungi and in the exoskeleton s of arthropods, which provides strength for support and protection; chitin ous- adj. Full article >>> Chitin Inhibitors These substances, diflubenzuron (Dimilin)...

Cellulose

...O5)n is a long -chain polymeric polysaccharide carbohydrate , of beta- glucose . It forms the primary structur... . Full article >>> cellulose -- carbohydrate polymer of the simple sugar glucose . It is found in the cell wall s of plant s and green algae...

Cell wall

.... Full article >>> Cellulose - a carbohydrate that is found in cell wall s Cell wall - multi-layered, sturdy structure composed of cellulose that provides plant s and other organ isms with their rigidity ... Full article >>> of morphological and ultrastructural properties...

Cell membrane

... cellulose A type of unbranched polysaccharide carbohydrate that is composed of glucose sugars. Covered in: ... Full article >>> - Cell Membrane - Cytoplasm Definition: The semi-fluid component of a cell 's cytoplasm . From Regina Bailey, Your Guide to Biology . FREE Newsletter. ...

Cell

...cell ulose A type of unbranched polysaccharide carbohydrate that is composed of glucose sugars. Covered in: ... Full article >>> In cell biology , the Golgi apparatus , Golgi body, Golgi complex, or dictyosome is an organelle found in nearly all eukaryotic cell s . The name comes fro...

Catabolism

... that is common to both aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate catabolism . Full article >>> lipid -apo protein particles is possibly mediated by a reduction in the number of helical segment s involved in lipid association. The high flexibility of the AIMilano apolipo protein in the inte...

Carbohydrate

...ed carbon". However, the arrangement of atoms in carbohydrate s has little to do with water molecule s. Full article >>> carbohydrate substances (sugars, starch es, etc.) composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen , with the latter t...

Carbohydrates

...es are mediated by lectins that contain discrete carbohydrate -recognition domain s. Full article >>> The anaerobic breakdown (that is, in the absence of oxygen ) of carbohydrates , in which a molecule of glucose is converted by a series of steps to two molecule s of lactic acid, yieldi...

Biochemistry

...cle >>> starch A polysaccharide carbohydrate consisting of two forms of glucose units, amylose and amylopectin. Covered in Lab 2 Molecule s of Life: Biochemistry ... Full article >>>...

B cell

...iologist ... Full article >>> The carbohydrate chain is attached to a membrane protein or lipid . Blood type B cells have have a different carbohydrate chain. Type AB cells have both A and B chains. Full article >>> There are two main...

Alternative splicing

...ting of the pre- messenger RNA s; attachment of carbohydrate residue s to form glycoprotein s); addition of phosphate group s to some of the amino acids in the protein [Examples]; etc. Full article >>> Alternative splicing : Formation of diverse m RNA s through differential splicing...

Algae

... ... Full article >>> starch like carbohydrate stored in the liver and other tissue s and in certain algae and fungi Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology , 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby animal starch ... Full article >>> chloroplast - specialize...

Adenosine triphosphate

... that is common to both aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate catabolism . Full article >>> cells and requiring host enzymes and cellular machinery for several necessary functions. Researchers were surprised to learn that it harbors genes that could allow it to generate its own energy-sto...

Adenine

... and electrons in some redox reaction s, notably carbohydrate and lipid catabolism . Full article >>> It is proposed that the adenine nucleotide trans locase (ANT) is converted into a non-specific pore through a calciummediated conformation al change. Full article >>> In ...

Adenosine

... that is common to both aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate catabolism . Full article >>> Adenosine causes an acute activation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase and NO release, with membrane hyperpolarization leading to increased system y+ activity in fetal endothelial cell...