breed

Wild-type

...spurts. Full article >>> Selective breed ing of plant s and animals has led to varieties...ties, maize, or the large number of different dog breed s. Full article >>> For the gene interrupted by the insertion sequence , one copy ...

Species

species reproductively isolated systems of breed ing population s having a similar morphology So...ation of related organ isms that can freely inter breed . Speciation The processes by which a single species splits into two or more species ... Ful...

Sorus

...natural population s that ordinarily do not inter breed with other such groups even when there is opportunity to do so. Full article >>>...

Semen

... from males, then used in fresh or frozen form to breed females. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ... Full article >>> There have been since the antique times this idea that was initially touted by Aristotle that it's the male that is active and that heat will actually t...

Selection

... of genetic engineering also includes selective breed ing and other means of artificial selection . Genetic linkage map. A linear map of the relative positions of genes along a chromosome . Full article >>> Hardy-Weinberg Law -- the concept that both gene frequencies and genotype ...

Reproduction

...erms: Reproduction Continuation of species or breed , sexual ly or through cell rupture, cell division , budding , spore formation, conjugation or parthenogenesis . Full article >>> Reproduction Drosophila melanogaster egg "The female fruit fly lays batches of between 15...

Replication

...ng S phase of the cell division cycle. domestic breed ing: a process of directed evolution that brings about new forms that differ from ancestral stock. Full article >>> Origin of replication . The nucleotide sequence at which DNA synthesis is initiated. OSHA. See Occupational ...

Quantitative trait loci

...; A genetic map of the dog genome will make breed -specific trait s amenable to quantitative trait loci (QTL) ana lysis . Presently, a genetic map of dog consisting of microsatellite marker s is being assembled [1]. Full article >>> A more recent development of quantitative g...

Pure-breeding

... same phenotype when selfed or intercrossed. Cf breed ing line. Diploid ... Full article >>> Mendel crossed a pure-breeding round-seeded variety with a pure-breeding wrinkled-seeded one. Our interpretation ... Full article >>> Mendel crossed pure-breeding (als...

Progeny

...carry the deleted gene . A few rounds of careful breed ing can then produce progeny in which both copies of the gene ... Full article >>>...

Probability

...is choice to start his experiments only with true breed ing plant s. Full article >>> The Poisson equation describes the probability distribution of random events -- for example, the probability that random mutation s in a cell will affect a particular gene , ... Full article >...

Pollination

...combination , cross- pollination and selective breed ing? Full article >>> pollen tube A slender structure produced from a pollen grain after pollination . Covered in Lab 8 Seed Plant Reproduction polyp The asexual reproducing, normally sedentary form of coelenterates such ...

Plaque

... arteries . artificial selection The selective breed ing of domesticated plant s and animals to encourage the occurrence of desirable trait s. Full article >>> atherosclerosis Disease character ized by fatty plaque s forming in the inner lining of arteries . athlete's foot A dis...

Photosynthesis

...l mechanisms, temporal patterns of flower ing , breed ing, dormancy , and so forth. Full article >>> A process that reduces the yield of photosynthesis , because the active site of rubisco accepts O2 in place of CO2 and generates no ATP . Full article >>> Photosyntheti...

Offspring

...ividuals that share features and are able to inter breed under natural conditions to yield fertile offspring . Full article >>> M organ , crossed an Mp female with an mP male. The offspring (F1) were allowed to mate with each other. In the F2 progeny there were two types of females and...

Natural selection

...he most familiar type of selection by name. The breed ing of dogs, cows and horses, however, represents "artificial selection ." Subcategories of natural selection are also sometimes distinguished. Full article >>> Natural selection The process in nature whereby one genotype leaves...

Monohybrid cross

...ll article >>> monohybrid cross A breed ing experiment that uses parental varieties differing in a single character . monomer ... Full article >>> monohybrid cross In genetics , a cross that involves only one character istic. PICTURE ... Full article >>> ...

Mendel

...del was a monk whose controlled experiments with breed ing peas in the monastery garden led him to conclu... who taught natural science and worked on plant breed ing experiments. He developed a basic understanding of genetics and inheritance . Mendel 's Work...

Mating

...s prevent hybrid offspring from developing or breed ing when mating does occur. There are also several examples of post mating mechanisms. Full article >>> Assortative mating . The mating of a given genotype mates with another genotype at a frequency disproportionate to that...

Inbreeding

.... Full article >>> Inbreeding is breed ing between close relatives. If practiced repeatedly, it typically leads to a reduction in genetic diversity . Full article >>> Inbreeding depression A loss of vigour or yield due to inbreeding . Related Terms: Inbreeding ......

Heterozygous

...two genes or two character s. dihybrid cross A breed ing experiment in which parental varieties differing in two trait s are mated. Full article >>>...

Heredity

...enetics in prehistory with the domestication and breed ing of plant s and animals . Full article >...enetics in prehistory with the domestication and breed ing of plant s and animals . Full article >>> Moving up the scale towards more th...

Gills

...to determine whether the population s could inter breed . Full article >>> By drinking in sea water, and actively excreting salt out from the gills , the fish will gain salt as it produces an isotonic urine . Full article >>> gill arch A supporting structure of fish gills ...

Genotype

...from that of F1 because the P1 plant s were true breed ing and the F1 plant s were not. The genetic makeup of an individual is referred to as its genotype . Full article >>> Genotype The term proposed by Johannsen (1909) for the hereditary constitution of an individual, or of particu...

Genetic material

...ps were to be placed together they would not inter breed to any great extent. Full article >>> What amount of genetic material does the parasite have compared to a virus or a bacterium? Full article >>> Genome : All the genetic material in the chromosomes of a part...

Genetic diversity

...hat the heterozygous frogs were more successful breed ers than homozygous ones. Full article >>> This results in a severe reduction of the total genetic diversity of the origin al gene pool . The cheetah bottleneck causes relative infertility because of the intense inbreeding ....

Gene flow

...hrough interbreeding as well as by migration of breed ing individuals. Gene flow increases variation ...e up of local population s whose members tend to breed within the group. Each local population can develop a gene pool distinct from that of other loc...

Gene

...ne banks Storage for seed varieties for future breed ing experiments. gene flow An exchange of genes between two population s of a species , or in extreme cases, between population s of two species ( hybridization ). Full article >>> Gene : A biochemical unit of hereditary ,...

Fitness

...s either: even if the two proposed species inter breed in captivity, this does not demonstrate that they would freely inter breed in the wild, nor does it always provide much information about the evolution ary fitness of ... ...

Filial generation

...F1) Denotes the different generations involved in breed ing experiments. F1 is the first filial or filial-...ion (F1, F2) Each generation of offspring in a breed ing program, designated F1, F2, etc. Full article >>> F1 (first filial generation ) ...

Eugenics

...ove or impair hereditary qualities of a race or breed . Related Terms: Hereditary ... Full article &#...cial selection ; usually refers to the selective breed ing of human s. Full article >>> Eugenics : The idea of improving the quality of ...

Drosophila

...dy of genetics because of its ease and speed to breed . It contains only four pairs of chromosomes . Link to Drosophila website. Full article >>> In Drosophila (fruit flies), the chorion (egg shell ) gene is copied many times in certain cells of the oviduct . These cells mak...

DNA replication

...ng S phase of the cell division cycle. domestic breed ing: a process of directed evolution that brings about new forms that differ from ancestral stock. Full article >>> DNA replication : The use of existing DNA as a template for the synthesis of new DNA strand s. In human s an...

Dihybrid cross

...Full article >>> dihybrid cross A breed ing experiment in which parental varieties differing in two trait s are mated. dikaryon ... Full article >>> dihybrid cross A genetic cross between parents that differ for two trait s. dikaryon Mycelium of some fungi that have ...

Cultivar

...A variety of plant produced through selective breed ing by human s and maintained by cultivation. Related Terms: Variety ... Full article >>> cultivar s : Bronze Charm Sources/Further Reading: Blunt, Wilfrid. Tulipomania. Clusius, Carolus. A Treatise on Tulips. Dash, Mike. Tulipoman...

Cross-pollination

...recombination , cross-pollination and selective breed ing? Full article >>> Most flower s allow cross-pollination , which can be difficult to deal with in genetic studies if the male parent plant is not known. Since pea plant s are self-pollinators, the genetics of the parent can b...

Cross breeding

...bility, applied for both self-pollinating and out- breed ing species . Sometimes used for allogamy. Full ...ybrid individuals are less capable of successful breed ing than pure-bred individuals of either species . Full article >>>...

Crop

...neering argue that animal husbandry and crop breed ing are also forms of genetic engineering that use artificial selection instead of modern genetic modification techniques. Full article >>> Because there are only so many ways to arrange the four nucleotide s--A,C,G and T--into ...

Consanguinity

...ion, inbreeding depression ); however, livestock breed ers often practice inbreeding , then cull unfit offspring , ... Full article >>> When a population consists of an insufficient number of individuals, the species is threatened with extinction , either by under population , or by...

Colchicine

... Polyploid y can also be induced in the plant breed ing laboratory by treating dividing cells with colchicine . This drug disrupts microtubules and thus prevents the formation of a spindle. Full article >>>...

Class

...ation of related organ isms that can freely inter breed . Speciation The processes by which a single s...ation of related organ isms that can freely inter breed . Spore . A form taken by certain microbe s that enables them to exist in a dormant stage. It is a...

Chromosome walk

...) for the linked RAPD marker should speed the breed ing process. RAPD marker s linked to genes of interest can serve as starting points for chromosome walk s to isolate those genes. Full article >>>...

Chlorophyta

...#62;> W. Hoshaw. 1990. Noncorrespondence of breed ing groups, morphology and monophyletic groups in Spirogyra (Zygnemataceae; Chlorophyta ) and the application of species concepts. Systematic Botany. 15:69-78. Full article >>>...

Breed

A group of identical pure- breed ing diploid or polyploid organ isms, disting... the other for wrinkled seed shape (r). A true- breed ing round seed plant would be (RR) for that trait and a true- breed ing wrinkled ... Full ar...

Biotechnology

... Evidence that Mesopotamian people used selective breed ing (artificial selection ) practices to improve ... Babylonians, Egyptians and Romans used selective breed ing (artificial selection ) practices to improve livestock. Full article >>> The ter...

Backcross

...osses between hybrid s and purebreds of a parent breed or line. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T ...n a newly-arisen tetraploid (4n) plant tries to breed with its ancestral species (a backcross ), triploid offspring are formed. These are sterile be...

Arteries

... arteries . artificial selection The selective breed ing of domesticated plant s and animals to encourage the occurrence of desirable trait s. Full article >>> atherosclerosis Disease character ized by fatty plaque s forming in the inner lining of arteries . athlete's foot A dis...

Animals

...are adapted to handle long , cold winters and to breed and raise young quickly in the summer. Animals ... and phenotypically similar in most trait s. Cf. breed ing line. Related Terms: Phenotype ... Full article >>> Meiofauna. Animals whose ...

Animal

...are adapted to handle long , cold winters and to breed and raise young quickly in the summer. Animal s such as mammals and birds also have additional insulation from fat. Many animal s hibernate during the winter because food is not abundant. Full article >>> animal hemisphere T...

Action

...l mechanisms, temporal patterns of flower ing , breed ing, dormancy , and so forth. Full article >>> Satellite DNA A genomic DNA fr action which has a different density to the main body of genomic DNA and therefore forms a separate band (satellite) during density gradient ultrac...