blood

Zygote

...pic effects of both alleles fully & equally, (eg blood group antigens ). Full article >>> Definition: Haploid reproductive cells that unite during sexual reproduction to form a diploid zygote . Male gametes are sperm and female gametes are eggs. Full article >>>...

Yolk

...orts embryo nic development; the first site of blood cell s and circulatory system function. Z ... Full article >>> yolk sac - the first of four extraembryonic membranes of amniotes to form during embryo genesis. Like the allantois , it arises from the splanchnopleure ( endoderm ...

White blood cells

White blood cells (a.k.a. leukocytes ) are cells which for...ne system . Full article >>> White blood cells (also called leukocytes or immune cell s) are a component of blood. They help to defend th...

Voluntary muscle

...ne s, bronchi , uterus , ureters , bladder, and blood vessels . Full article >>> (Med.) Loss of coordination in the voluntary muscle s, especially the limbs; an inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements; it results in unsteady movements and a staggering gait. Full article &#...

Vessel cell

... if the therapeutic is actin g against the normal blood vessel cell rather than the genetically unstable tumor cell the blood vessel cell will remain sensitive to the inhibitor you've ... Full article >>> The ...

Vessels

...id through valves. Full article >>> blood vessels ( veins ) carrying blood from the posterior part of the body to the kidney s. Oxygenated blood is carried to the kidney...

Venules

...tory system ) can be occluded by the infected red blood cells , such as in placenta l and cerebral malaria. Full article >>> When blood leaves the capillaries and enters the venules and veins , little pressure remains to force it a...

Vertebrates

...evolved in echinoderms and vertebrates ) have the blood closed at all times within vessels of different ...-- the hemoglobin -containing cell found in the blood of vertebrates . Euchromatin -- the chromatin that shows the staining behavior character istic...

Ventricle

...le lower, heavier chamber of a heart from which blood is pumped out Source: Noland, George B. 1983. Gene...ntricle The chamber of the heart that pumps the blood into the blood vessels that carry it away from the heart . The lower chamber of the heart throu...

Vena cava

vena cava (vee-na cah-va) [L. blood vessel + hollow] A large vein that brings blood from the tissue s to the right atrium of the four-chambered mammalian heart . Full article >...

Venous system

venous system The part of the blood circulatory system carrying blood back to the heart from the tissue s. Covered in Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulatory System s ...

Veins

...ins are used medically as points of access to the blood stream, permitting the withdrawal of blood specimens (venipuncture) for testing purposes, and enabling the infusion of fluid, electrolytes, nu...

Vector

...lecule s. veins Thin-walled vessels that carry blood to the heart . Units of the circulatory system that carry blood to the heart . Full article >>> Vector s Figure 3: Comparison of non-integrating ...

Vectors

...lecule s. veins Thin-walled vessels that carry blood to the heart . Units of the circulatory system that carry blood to the heart . Full article >>> Vectors Figure 3: Comparison of non-integrating p...

Vascular system

...Full article >>> vascular system B blood circulation system virus es - obligate intracellu...#62;> vascular system 1. in animals the blood circulatory system and the water vascular system in echinoderms that manipulate the tube feet ....

Vacuoles

...ll article >>> granulocyte s White blood cells ( neutrophils , eosinophils , and basophils ) bearing "granules" ( vacuoles ) in their cytoplasm that stain deeply. Full article >>>...

Vaccine

... to promote protective immunity. vascular supply B blood supply ... Full article >>> Vaccine . A preparation of dead or weakened pathogen , or of derived antigenic determinant s, that is used to induce formation of antibodies or immunity against the pathogen . (See Polyvalent vaccine ...

Urine

...ouron, urine ] The liquid waste filtered from the blood by the kidney and stored in the bladder pending elimination through the urethra . Full article >>> urine Fluid containing various wastes that is produced in the kidney and excreted from the bladder. Full article >>>...

Urinary bladder

...ms a protective layer over muscle , nerves , and blood vessels . Full article >>> Each pyramid together with the associated overlying cortex forms a renal lobe. The tip of each pyramid (called a papilla) empties into a calyx , and the calyces empty into the renal pelvis. The pelvis...

Ureters

...ney 's functional unit. Waste is filtered from the blood and collected as urine in each kidney . Full a...ne s, bronchi , uterus , ureters , bladder, and blood vessels . Full article >>> Peristalsis Movement provided by the smooth muscle s t...

Ureter

... s, bronchi , uterus , ureter s , bladder, and blood vessels . Full article >>> [Gr. meta - after, behind, later in time; Gr. nephros - the kidney s]. The third and permanent excretory organ formed in embryo nic reptiles, birds, and mammals , caudal to the mesonephros. The urete...

Umbilical cord

umbilical cord cord composed of blood vessels and connective tissue s that connects t...ource of attachment of the fetus to the maternal blood supply. urea : a component of urine that results from amino acid breakdown in the liver . Ful...

Turgor

...ource of attachment of the fetus to the maternal blood supply. Full article >>> turgor pressure [L. turgere, to swell] The force directed against a cell wall after the influx of water and the swelling of a walled cell due to osmosis . Full article >>> turgor pressur...

Tumor

... . Full article >>> Tumor s need a blood supply for food and oxygen . Cancer cells release growth factors that cause nearby blood vessels to produce branches that grow into the cancer ous tissue . Immune System ... Full art...

Trophoblast

...hoblast form vessels , which merge with maternal blood vessels to form the placenta . tropism : the bending or turning response of a plant caused by external stimuli. Full article >>> trophoblast The outer layer of cells of a blastocyst that adhere to the endometrium during imp...

Tricuspid valve

tricuspid valve : a valve that passes blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle ...lmonary valve. Full article >>> The blood then passes through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle . The right ventricle pumps the ...

Translation

... protein . tricuspid valve : a valve that passes blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle . Full article >>> translation The second stage of protein synthesis in which the codon of m RNA pairs with the anticodon of t RNA at the surface of the ribosome . Full arti...

Tracheae

..... Full article >>> In insects, the blood (more properly called hemo lymph ) is not involved in the trans port of oxygen . (Openings called tracheae allow oxygen from the air to diffuse directly to the tissue s). Full article >>> spiracle. An external opening of the sys...

Tissue

...2;> Tissue plasminogen activator dissolves blood clots in heart attack victims. Clotting factor V... Full article >>> Bohr effect. When blood pH decreases, the ability of hemoglobin to bind to oxygen decreases. An adaptation to release ...

Thyroid gland

...tion in vertebrates , and cacitonin, which lowers blood calcium levels in mammals . Full article >&#... thyroxine and calcitonin. T lymphocytes : white blood cells in the lymph nodes that are stimulated by microorganisms or other foreign material in the b...

Thymus gland

... (T- cells ) mature in the thymus gland . Other blood cell s such as monocytes and leukocytes are pr...of circulating cells and T lymphocytes ( white blood cells that pass through the thymus gland during maturation). Full article >>>...

Theory

...tation. thrombocytes : the starting material for blood clotting ; also called platelets . Full article >>> Theory of DNA Repair in Deinococcus A depiction of the DNA repair process that Jonathon Eisen postulates might be happening in Deinococcus radiodurans after it is exposed to ra...

Thrombocytes

thrombocytes : the starting material for blood clotting ; also called platelets . thylakoids : ...onate and involved in platelet aggregation during blood clotting . Thromboxanes have a common feature of a 6-membered, ether-containing ring. Full article ...

Thalamus

...tation. thrombocytes : the starting material for blood clotting ; also called platelets . Full article >>> thalamus An oval mass of gray matter within the diencephalon that serves as a sensory relay area. Full article >>> The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) is a sens...

Tendon

...n, bones, cartilage , and membranes surrounding blood vessels and nerves . Symptoms include joint laxity, elastic skin, dislocations. Full article >>> It is found in tendon s and the organ ic part of bone. Type II collagen - Articular cartilage ... Full article >>>...

Tendons

...n, bones, cartilage , and membranes surrounding blood vessels and nerves . Symptoms include joint laxity, elastic skin, dislocations. Full article >>> The function of tendons is to connect muscle with bone and is subjected to tensile loads. Tendons must be strong to facilitate mo...

Telomerase

.... Other mutation s enable the tumor to grow new blood vessels to feed it, or to detach from the surrounding tissue , spreading to other parts of the body. Full article >>>...

Tectonics

...preading platelet A tiny, incomplete cell in the blood that releases substances initiating blood clotting . Full article >>> When combined with plate tectonics , fossil s provide e...

T lymphocytes

... article >>> T lymphocytes : white blood cells in the lymph nodes that are stimulated by...of circulating cells and T lymphocytes ( white blood cells that pass through the thymus gland during maturation). Full article >>> T c...

Superior vena cava

... cava Drains the anterior body regions, returning blood back to the heart via the right atrium . Covere... ... Full article >>> De oxygenated blood (containing little or no oxygen ) collects in two major veins : the superior vena cava and the ...

Superficial

... cava Drains the anterior body regions, returning blood back to the heart via the right atrium . Covered in Lab 16 Rat Respiratory and Circulatory System s ... Full article >>> The superficial cervical muscle The lateral cervical muscle s The supra- and infrahyoid muscle s...

Style

...osterior end, where it often protrudes. Azygous A blood vessel. Back to PAE Glossary ... Full article >>> Life style choices also affect longevity. Early in the twentieth century, men smoked more than women, a factor that is thought to account for much of the gender gap in longevity. As mo...

Stomach

...stream, and when a mosquito then feeds, it takes a blood meal, and when it takes a blood meal it takes some of these male and female forms into its stomach , where fertilization occurs. ...

Stem

...n specialized cells -for example 200 billion red blood cells are created each day in the body from ... Full article >>> Dr. Donald Orlic, of the National Human Genome Research Institute's Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, defines hematopoietic stem cell . related terms: c...

Stem cell

...n specialized cells -for example 200 billion red blood cells are created each day in the body from ... ...rise, by differentiation and division , to red blood cells and all of the different types of white blood cells . stereoisomer ... Full article >&#...

Starch

...o sugars. Abnormally high levels of amylase in the blood or urine may be found in patients with inflammation of the pancreas or salivary glands (mumps). Full article >>> Amylase an enzyme which converts starch to maltose (amyl = starch ; -ase = enzyme ending) ... Full article ...

Spirochetes

...spiral bacteria . spleen : the site where red blood cells are destroyed; a reserve blood supply for the body. stamen : the structure of a flower that contains a thin, stemlike filament a...

Spirilla

...spiral bacteria . spleen : the site where red blood cells are destroyed; a reserve blood supply for the body. Full article >>> bacilli : rod-shaped cocci : spherical spi...

Spleen

... >>> spleen : the site where red blood cells are destroyed; a reserve blood supply for the body. stamen : the structure of a flower that contains a thin, stemlike filament a...

Spinal cord

...peptides that help control water and ion balance, blood pressure, and smooth muscle contractions. 586 uropod Posterior most appendage of many crustacea ns. Full article >>> sensory root of a spinal nerve that carries impulses to the spinal cord ; ventral root carries impulses fro...

Smooth muscle

...ne s, bronchi , uterus , ureters , bladder, and blood vessels . Full article >>> Smooth...in structures such as the intestine s, throat and blood vessels . Full article >>> smooth muscle : found in the linings of the blood vesse...

Site

...ee major organ s in plant s. leukocytes White blood cells ; primarily engaged in fighting infection. Full article >>> operator - site on DNA at which repressor protein binds to prevent transcription , e.g. in the lac operon . organogenesis - creation of specific tissue s ...

Sinus venosus

...o , it is the chamber of the heart that receives blood from the sinus venosus and delivers blood to the ventricle . Full article >>>...

Serum

serum liquid ( plasma ) of blood that separates on clotting Source: Noland, George ...> serum The liquid that separates from the blood after coagulation; blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Also, the clear portion of...

Sequence

... protein . tricuspid valve : a valve that passes blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle . Full article >>> These include the comparisons of DNA sequence s conducted within molecular biology or genomics , and comparisons of fossil s or other records of ancient organ...

Semilunar valves

...Full article >>> Again, once all the blood has left, the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valv... the atria and ventricle s in preparation for new blood to enter the heart . Full article >>> Again, once all the blood empties from the ve...

Segment

...ngs : the organ where oxygen diffuses into the blood to join with hemoglobin in the red blood cells . Full article >>> A DNA segment composed of repeated sequence s linked en...

Sarcomere

... can be found in fibroblast s, leukocytes , and blood vessel endothelial cells . Full article >>> Within the cells are myofibrils ; myofibrils contain sarcomere s, which are composed of actin and myosin . Individual muscle cells are lined with endomysium. Full article >...

Salivary glands

...o sugars. Abnormally high levels of amylase in the blood or urine may be found in patients with inflammation of the pancreas or salivary glands (mumps). Full article >>> The mature larva e show giant chromosomes in the salivary glands called polytene chromosomes - "puffs" indi...

Right atrium

...mber of the human heart in which oxygen -poor blood enters through a major vein called the vena cava ... pumping chamber of the human heart from which blood exits. Full article >>> The superior and inferior vena cava empty into the right a...