wine

Mycology

... medicinals (see penicillin ) and food ( beer , wine , cheese , edible mushrooms ), as well as their dangers, such as poisoning or infection . Mycology is closely related to phytopathology : the study of plant diseases. Historically, mycology was a branch of Botany (despite fungi not being plan...

Louis Pasteur

...compound derived from living things (specifically, wine lees) rotated the plane of polarization of light passing through it. The mystery was that tartaric acid derived by chemical synthesis had no such effect, even though its reactions were identical and its elemental composition was the same. Paste...

Fermentation

... used for other drinks such as sake , mead and wine . The term is also sometimes used to refer to any ...n is the conversion, e.g. converting juice into wine , grains into beer , and carbohydrates into carbon dioxide to leaven bread . According to S...

Bacterium

... pickles , soy sauce , sauerkraut , vinegar , wine , and yoghurt . Using biotechnology techniques, bacteria can be bioengineered for the production of therapeutic drugs, such as insulin , or for the bioremediation of toxic wastes . Miscellaneous In terms of evolution, bacteria are thou...

Drosophila

...it flies , or more appropriately vinegar flies, wine flies, pomace flies, grape flies, and picked fruit-flies. The genus contains about 1000 species. One species in particular, Drosophila melanogaster , has been heavily used in research in genetics and is a common model organism in develop...

Cellular respiration

...It is important in bread making, brewing , and wine making. Lactic acid fermentation breaks the pyruvate down into lactic acid , carbon dioxide, and water. It occurs in the muscles of animals when they need energy faster than the blood can supply oxygen. It also occurs in some bacteria. It is ...

Blood

...ianity Christians believe that the Eucharist wine either is or represents the blood of Jesus shed for their salvation. Jehovahs Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses take very literally the Biblical injunction against deriving benefit from blood ("Because the soul of every animal is [in] his blood"...

Biotechnology

...livestock . 6000BC Brewing beer , fermenting wine , baking bread with help of yeast 4000BC Chinese made yoghurt and cheese with lactic-acid-producing bacteria 1500 Plant collecting around the world 1675 Microorganisms discovered (using first microscope) 1856 Gregor Mendel dis...

Bacterium

... pickles , soy sauce , sauerkraut , vinegar , wine , and yoghurt . Using biotechnology techniques, bacteria can be bioengineered for the production of therapeutic drugs, such as insulin , or for the bioremediation of toxic wastes . Miscellaneous In terms of evolution, bacteria are thou...

Alcohol

..." — with the sense "the thing that gives the wine its headiness". The word al-ghawl also originated the English word "ghoul", and the name of the star Algol . This derivation would, of course, be consistent with the use of "spirit" or "spirit of wine" as synonymous of "alcohol" in most Western ...