red

Optical spectrum

...phere (although blue light is scattered more than red light, which is the reason the sky is blue). Electromagnetic radiation outside the optical wavelength range is almost entirely absorbed by the atmosphere. Contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Historical use of the term 2 Explanati...

Yellow fever

...eadache and backache. Other symptoms may include a red tongue, flushed face, and reddening of the eyes may also be symptoms of the disease. In a proportion of cases there is also involvement of internal organs - liver, kidneys and the heart. There may be hemorrhage from the digestive tract (bloody vomit)...

Vacuole

...m cell metabolism . Storage of pigments (e.g., red and blue pigments in flowers ). Protection of the plant tissue from predation by storing toxic compounds. Contributing to cell growth by absorbing water (e.g., cell elongation). Allowing some plant cells to reach considerable size. Vacuoles...

Stem cell

...mined. The cord blood is processed and depleted of red blood cells before being stored in liquid nitroge...n specialized cells—for example 200 billion red blood cells are created each day in the body from hemopoietic stem cells . Until recently it was t...

Blood plasma

...lower compared to that of the hemoglobin in the red blood cells ; it may increase under hyperbaric conditions.) It is the storage and transport medium of clotting factors and its protein content is necessary to maintain the oncotic pressure of the blood. Laboratory use of plasma and serum For ...

Blood type

... a description an individual's characteristics of red blood cells due to substances ( carbohydrates an...ntibodies : Individuals with type A blood have red blood cells with antigen A on their surface and produce antibodies against antigen B in their blood ...

Redox

... The term redox comes from the two concepts of red uction and ox idation. Reduction describes the uptake of an electron by a molecule or atom. Oxidation describes the loss of an electron by a molecule or atom.These two terms go together, because in a chemical reaction, one cannot occur without...

Red Queen

...th the bear and the seal find themselves running a red queen's race over evolutionary time, each becoming better and better adapted (to stealth and caution respectively) but neither becoming any more successful (as they are engaged in a zero sum game ). The paradox of sex: The "cost" of males Scien...

Protist

...e truly multicellular. Of these, the green and red algae appear to be close relatives of other plants, and so may be included among the Plantae, but the brown algae developed separately. These are also a few fungus-like protists. These are the slime moulds , which are spore-forming amoeboids, a...

Protist

...e truly multicellular. Of these, the green and red algae appear to be close relatives of other plants, and so may be included among the Plantae, but the brown algae developed separately. These are also a few fungus-like protists. These are the slime moulds , which are spore-forming amoeboids, a...

Plant

...mble terrestrial plants, found among the green , red , and brown algae . These and other algal groups ...ymbiotic cyanobacteria . The same is true of the red algae , and the two groups are generally believed to have a common origin. In contrast, most other a...

Plant

...mble terrestrial plants, found among the green , red , and brown algae . These and other algal groups ...ymbiotic cyanobacteria . The same is true of the red algae , and the two groups are generally believed to have a common origin. In contrast, most other a...

Alga

...to come from the chloroplast. The chloroplasts of red algae have a more or less typical cyanobacterial p...ry chloroplasts, but genetic similarities with the red algae suggest a relationship there. These groups include: Heterokonts (e.g., golden algae, dia...

Redox

... The term redox comes from the two concepts of red uction and ox idation. Reduction describes the uptake of an electron by a molecule or atom. Oxidation describes the loss of an electron by a molecule or atom.These two terms go together, because in a chemical reaction, one cannot occur without...

Osmosis

... example of this osmosis in cells can be seen in red blood cells. These contain a high concentration of solutes including salts and protein. When the cells are placed in solution, water rushes in to the area of high solute concentration, bursting the cell. Many plant cells do not burst in the same ...

Neurospora crassa

Neurospora crassa is a type of red bread mold of the phylum Ascomycota . The genus name, meaning "nerve spore" refers to the characteristic striations on the spores that resemble axons . N. crassa is notable for its use as a model organism in science because it is easy to ...

Muscle

... (type I or "red") - rich in myoglobin (which is red and carries oxygen ), higher aerobic metabolism and mitochondria and hence more capable of endurance activities (activities that don't require maximum strength). Fast twitch (type II) - more anaerobic metabolism (due to less myoglobin and ...

Mendelian inheritance

...) F 1 generation. (3) F 2 generation. Dominant ( red ) and recessive (white) phenotype look alike in th...n. (2) F 1 generation. (3) F 2 generation. The " red " and "white" allele together make a " pink " phenotype, resulting in a 1:2:1 ratio of red : pink ...

Malaria

...They then turn into merozoites which then enter red blood cells . There they multiply further, periodically breaking out of the red blood cells. The classical description of waves of fever coming every three or four days arises from...

Liver

... trimester fetus , the liver is the main site of red blood cell production. By the 42nd week of gestat...ults from the breakup of the hemoglobin of dead red blood cells ; normally, the liver removes bilirubin from the blood and excretes it through bile. ...

Leaf

... they sometimes turn yellow , bright orange or red as various accessory pigments ( carotenoids an...right angles to each other ("decussate") along the red stem. Note developing buds in the axils of these leaves. Leaves may be classified in many differe...

Lac repressor

... exit. The repressor in its active form is like a red light at the entrance. The lac repressor works with the cooperation of another regulatory protein that responds to glucose and activates the lactose path only when glucose is low. It is like a green light at the entrace. The reason the lac repr...

Heterozygote

...r dominant nor recessive but are intermediary: the red carnation crossed with a white carnation will give you heterozygote pink carnations. See also homozygote dominant gene recessive gene...

Foot and mouth disease

...of FMD in humans include malaise, fever, vomiting, red ulcerative lesions (surface-eroding damaged spots) of the oral tissues, and sometimes vesicular lesions (small blisters) of the skin. There is another viral disease with similar symptoms, commonly referred to as “hand, foot, and mouth disease,...

Fermentation

... oiji , oiso baegi , pow tsai (泡菜), red in snow (雪裡蕻), sake (), seokbakji , siozuke , soy sauce , szechwan cabbage (四川泡菜), tai-tan tsoi , takana , takuan , totkal kimchi , tsa tzai , tsukemono (), umeboshi (), wasabi-zuke (), yen t...

Fitness landscape

..., and the points A, B, and C are local optima. The red ball indicates a population that moves from a very low fitness value to the top of a peak. Illustration by C.O. Wilke, 2001. Further reading Sewall Wright . "The roles of mutation, inbreeding, crossbreeding, and selection in evolution". In ...

Fehling's solution

...sted is heated together with Fehling's solution; a red precipitate indicates the presence of aldehydes ...es it to a cuprous ion, which then precipitates as red Cu 2 O ( copper(I) oxide ). Fehling's solution is nowadays often replaced by Benedict's solution ....

Eukaryote

...antae sensu lato Land plants , green and red algae Chromista Brown algae , diatoms , water moulds , etc. Alveolates Ciliates , Apicomplexa , dinoflagellates , etc. However, some protists are not closely related to any of these lines, and the relationships between the...

Evolution

... the formation of banded iron deposits, and later red beds of iron oxides. This was a necessary prerequisite for the development of aerobic cellular respiration , believed to have emerged around 2 billion years ago. In the last billion years, simple multicellular plants and animals began to appear i...

Drosophila

...om 3.2 mm to 4.2 mm in length. Most species have red eyes. The feathered arista is characteristic of the family. Male (left) and female fruit flies. Drosophila is part of the phylum Arthropoda , a phylum of segmented animals with paired, jointed appendages and a hard exoskeleton mad...

Diabetes mellitus

... HbA1C levels. This is the ratio of glycosylated red blood cells in relation to the total number of red blood cells. Persistent raised plasma glucose levels causes the proportion of these cells to go up. ...

Cladistics

...i.e. feather-color may be blue in one species, but red in another). These features are collectively called characters, and specific versions are called character states. Thus we might say that "red feathers" and "blue feathers" are two character states of the character "feather-color." After record...

Chloroplast

...lour. Algal chloroplasts may be golden, brown, or red and show variation in the number of membranes and the presence of thylakoids. See also Chloroplast membrane Calvin cycle External links Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis: The Role of Light from Kimball's Biology Pages Chloroplas...

Chlorophyll

...es and oxygen . Chlorophyll absorbs most in the red and blue portions of the electromagnetic spectrum...and plants Various algae Various algae Some red algae Common structure of chlorophyll a , b and d Evidence for chlo...

Cancer

...ished randomized controlled trials. Consumption of red meat and inadequate folic acid intake have also been associated with increased risk of colon cancer . A large randomized trial is currently underway to investigate whether men taking daily selenium or vitamin E or both experience a reduced inc...

Full blood count

...s not diluted) are used to calculate the number of red and white cells per litre of blood. To identify t...count will normally include: Red cells Total red blood cells - The number of red cells is given as an absolute number per liter. Hemoglobin - The...

Blood

... tissue composed of fluid plasma and cells ( red blood cells , white blood cells , platelets ). M...od per kilogram of body weight. Human blood is red , ranging from bright red when oxygenated to dark red when not. It owes its colour to hemoglobin ...

Bone

...pact bone. In children, the bones are filled with red marrow, which is gradually replaced with yellow ma...borns, all such bones are filled exclusively with red marrow , but as the child ages it is mostly replaced by yellow marrow . In adults, red marrow is...

Biomechanics

...terioles. At this scale, the effects of individual red blood cells becomes significant, and whole blood can no longer be modeled as a continuum. Biomechanics of the bones Bones are anisotropic but are approximately transversely isotropic . The stress-strain relations of bones can be modeled using ...

Biology

..., and the points A, B, and C are local optima. The red ball indicates a population that moves from a very low fitness value to the top of a peak Main articles: Evolutionary biology , Botany , Zoology Evolutionary biology is concerned with the origin and descent of species , as well as their ...

Arabidopsis

...ve phototropic responses of root cells to red, far red and infrared light. While gravitropic response of... white light, and positive phototropic response to red light. The photosensitive pigments phytochrome A and phytochrome B mediate this red light based phot...

Alga

...to come from the chloroplast. The chloroplasts of red algae have a more or less typical cyanobacterial p...ry chloroplasts, but genetic similarities with the red algae suggest a relationship there. These groups include: Heterokonts (e.g., golden algae, dia...

Allele

... versions of the gene. One version might result in red petals, while another might result in white petals..."white" allele, in a heterozygous flower (with one red and one white allele), the petals will be red. The recessive allele will only be expressed in a rece...

Alexander Fleming

... made bright colours. Serratia marcescens - red Chromobacterium violaceum - purple Micrococcus luteus - yellow Micrococcus varians - white Micrococcus roseus - pink Bacillus sp. - orange Fleming died in 1955 of a heart attack . He was buried as a national hero in th...

Albinism

...hat all persons with albinism have "white hair and red eyes" is not true. Colorless iris in humans is p... the human eye is too deep for the pupil to appear red rather than black. Growth and development of children with albinism should be (and is) normal howev...