Pump in Biological Definition

Dialysis

... checked with a type of litmus test . The pump does not directly contact the blood or fluid in ... plumbing - creating a complete loop through the pump and filter. The pump and a timer are started. Hemodialysis is ...

Insulin

... jet injection) are able to with the appropriate pump. An insulin pump is a reasonable solution for some. However there are several major ... treatment Diabetic coma intensive insulinotherapy insulin pump conventional insulinotherapy External links Insulin: ...

Oxidative phosphorylation

... NADH-Q reductase , cytochrome c oxidase , and cytochrome reductase ) to pump H + across the membrane against a proton gradient . A large ... ATP when the proton moves with (down) the gradient, and it costs ATP to pump a proton against (up) the gradient. Because protons have already been ...

Proton pump

... A proton pump is an integral membrane protein that is capable of moving protons ... mitochondrion chloroplast electron transfer chain proton pump inhibitor ATP synthase ...

Active transport

... the enzymes that perform this type of transport are transmembrane ATPases . A primary ATPase universal to all cellular life is the sodium-potassium pump , which helps maintain the cell potential . Secondary In secondary active transport, there is no direct coupling of ATP; instead, the ...

ATP synthase

... known and is made of 20 different types of subunits. See also mitochondrion chloroplast electron transfer chain proton pump transmembrane ATPase External links "ATP synthase - a splendid molecular machine" ...

ATPase

... motion bonds ADP and P together to create ATP. ATP synthetase can also function in reverse; that is, use energy released by ATP hydrolysis to pump protons against their thermodynamic gradient. External links "ATP synthase - a splendid molecular machine" ...

Chemiosmotic hypothesis

... of NADH and FADH 2 to create a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane and that this energy was used by a reversible proton pump , the ATP synthase , to create ATP . This was a radical proposal at the time, and not well accepted. The prevailing view was that the energy of ...

Electron transfer chain

... clusters , copper centers, or heme moieties. Complexes I, III, and IV are proton pumps . Complex II is part of the Krebs cycle and does not pump protons, and Complex V uses the electrochemical potential generated to create ATP . Complex IV is the terminus of the electron transfer chain , ...

Flagellum

... due to a concentration gradient set up by the cell's metabolism (in Vibrio species the motor is a sodium ion pump, rather than a proton pump ). The rotor transports protons across the membrane, and is turned in the process. The rotor by itself can operate at 6,000 to 17,000 rpm , but with ...

Mitochondrion

... in the inner membrane ( NADH dehydrogenase , cytochrome c reductase , cytochrome c oxidase ) that perform the transfer use the released energy to pump protons (H + ) against a gradient (the concentration of protons in the intermembrane space is higher than that in the matrix). An active ...

Mitochondrion

... in the inner membrane ( NADH dehydrogenase , cytochrome c reductase , cytochrome c oxidase ) that perform the transfer use the released energy to pump protons (H + ) against a gradient (the concentration of protons in the intermembrane space is higher than that in the matrix). An active ...

Stem cell

... blocked, starving tissue of oxygen and nutrients . Days after the attack is over, the cells try to remodel themselves in order to become able to pump harder. However, because of the decreased blood flow this attempt is futile and results in even more muscle cells weakening and dying. Researchers at ...

Vacuole

... phagocytosis —the intake of large molecules, particles, or even other cells, by the cell for digestion . A contractile vacuole is used to pump excess water out of the cell to reduce osmotic pressure and keep the cell from bursting. Contractile vacuoles are found in some freshwater ...

Xylem

... caused by the transpiration of water from leaves. In larger plants such as trees, the root pressure and transpirational pull work together as a pump that pulls sap from the soil up to the leaves where it is transpired. Reference Campbell, Neil A. and Jane B. Reece. undated. ...