Potassium in Biological Definition

Ion channel

... a specific species of ion, such as sodium or potassium , and conveys them through the membrane single ... , respectively. Examples include the sodium and potassium voltage-gated channels of nerve and muscle, and ... receptor Inward-rectifier K channels allow potassium to flow into the cell in an inwardly rectifying ...

Alcohol

... strong base such as sodium hydride or n-butyllithium , or with sodium or potassium metal. 2 R-OH + 2 NaH → 2 R-O - Na + + H 2 ↑ ... oxidation. Traditionally strong oxidants such as dichromate ion or potassium permanganate are used, under acidic conditions, for example: 3 CH 3 ...

Diabetes mellitus

... also produces increased losses of electrolytes , especially sodium , potassium , chloride , phosphate , and magnesium . Reduced fluid intake from ... typically show hyperglycemia , metabolic acidosis , normal or elevated potassium , and severe ketosis. Many other tests can be affected. At this point ...

Insulin

... circulating amino acids; lack of insulin inhibits absorption increased potassium uptake – forces cells to absorb serum potassium; lack of insulin ... on blood glucose levels and hence ATP levels, the ATP controlled potassium channels (K+) close and the cell membranes depolarise On ...

Nephron

... concentrating the filtrates, reabsorbing ions (such as sodium , potassium , calcium , hydrogen , bicarbonate , chloride , and ammonium ions ... to filtration and reabsorption) takes place: secretion. Hydrogen and potassium ions are actively transported from the blood into the urine to be ...

Bacterium

... heliobacteria . Other nutritional requirements include nitrogen , sulfur , phosphorus , vitamins and metallic elements such as sodium , potassium , calcium , magnesium , manganese , iron , zinc , cobalt , copper and nickel for normal growth. For some species, additional trace ...

Ion gradient

... with ATPase domains are often used for making and utilizing ion gradients. The enzyme Na+/K+ ATPase use ATP to make a sodium ion gradient and a potassium ion gradient. Proton gradients The proton gradient can be used as an intermediate energy storage for heat production and flagellar rotation . ...

Depolarization

... results from the influx of positively charged ions (such as sodium or calcium ) into the cell. Alternatively, depolarization can also happen if potassium channels are closed. Compare to hyperpolarization . Depolarization of membrane potentials is important for other cell types, particularly muscle ...

Bacterium

... heliobacteria . Other nutritional requirements include nitrogen , sulfur , phosphorus , vitamins and metallic elements such as sodium , potassium , calcium , magnesium , manganese , iron , zinc , cobalt , copper and nickel for normal growth. For some species, additional trace ...

Starch

... Animal starch is the common name of glycogen . It is not the same as ordinary starch. Tests for Starch A solution of Iodine and potassium iodide in water, when added to a sample containing starch (specifically amylose) will turn an intense blue-black colour, otherwise it will stay ...

Stoma

... called transpiration . The opening and closing of a stoma is controlled by guard cells that surround the opening and involves cellular sodium - potassium pumps. Dicotyledons usually have more stomata on the lower epidermis than the upper epidermis. As these leaves are held horizontally, upper ...

Vacuole

... in the plant cell. Proteins found in the tonoplast control the flow of water into and out of the vacuole by active transport , pumping ions of potassium (K + ) into and out of the interior liquid. Because of osmosis , wherever solutes go, water follows. This pressure is also helpful for cellular ...