nodes

Replication

...d memory systems, where it may happened that many nodes of the system share the same page of the memory - which usually means, that each node have separate copy (replica) of this page. In statistics replication refers to repeated measurement of a phenomenon, so that the variability can be estimated. ...

Phylogenetic tree

...ogenetic tree is called a taxonomic unit. Internal nodes are generally referred to as Hypothetical Taxonomic Units (HTUs) as they cannot be directly observed. A rooted phylogenetic tree is a directed tree with a unique node corresponding to the (usually imputed) most recent common ancestor of all the ...

Neuron

...ections about 1 mm long, punctuated by unsheathed nodes of Ranvier . Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disorder which results from abnormal demyelination of peripheral nerves. Neurons with demyelinated axons do not conduct electrical signals properly. Neurons and glia make up the two chief cell t...

Immunology

..., spleen , bone marrow , lymph vessels , lymph nodes and secondary lymphatic tissues such as tonsils and adenoids ) and skin . The major organs, the thymus and spleen, are examined histologically only post-mortem during autopsy . However some lymph nodes, and secondary lymphatic tissues can be ...

Immune system

...composed of four lymphoid organs ( thymus , lymph nodes , spleen and submucosal lymphoid nodules) and the group motile cells that are involved in the body's defense against foreign bodies. The term may also be used to refer to the totality of a body's defense systems, encompassing both the adaptive immu...

Gene regulatory network

...nal links Overview Genes can be viewed as nodes in a network , with input being proteins such as ...is a boolean function of the prior states of the nodes with arrows pointing towards it. The validity of the model can be tested by comparing simulation r...

Cancer

...toms of metastasis (spreading) : enlarged lymph nodes , cough and hemoptysis , hepatomegaly (enlarg...her there has been metastasis to regional lymph nodes . Staging determines the prognosis and the need for adjuvant therapy. Chemotherapy Chemotherapy...

Axon

...linated nerve fibers, gaps in the sheath known as nodes of Ranvier occur at evenly spaced intervals, enabling an especially rapid mode of electrical impulse propagation called saltation . The axons of some neurons branch to form axon collaterals , along which the bifurcated impulse travels simultaneou...

Apoptosis

... becoming activated, they migrate out of the lymph nodes in which they reside, proliferate, recognize the affected cells and commit them to programmed cell death. The receptors in immature B and T cell membranes are not tailored precisely to coincide with "known" antigen. Rather, they are generated throu...