loss

Y chromosome

..., and has become much smaller. If this damage and loss were to continue unabated, this would lead to the disappearance of all males in any species, including humans. As a result, the only species that would survive in the long term would be those species that naturally evolved a female-only method of rep...

Thermoregulation

...ences were present, since heat production and heat loss vary considerably in different parts of the body, ...on) about 77. Hence it is clear the chief means of loss are the skin and the lungs. The more air that passes in and out of the lungs in a given time, the gr...

Reduction

...duction or reducing is another name for weight loss or dieting . In surgery , reduction is a medical procedure to restore a fracture to a correct alignment....

Redox

...n by a molecule or atom. Oxidation describes the loss of an electron by a molecule or atom.These two terms go together, because in a chemical reaction, one cannot occur without the other; electrons lost by one compound must be gained by another. Contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Ox...

Protein

...uch as fatigue, insulin resistance, hair loss, loss of hair pigment (hair that should be black becomes reddish), loss of muscle mass (proteins repair muscle tissue), low body temperature, and hormonal irregularities....

Proprioception

...this sense. Impairment Apparently, temporary loss or impairment of proprioception may happen periodically during growth, mostly during adolescence. Possible experiences include: suddenly feeling that feet or legs are missing from your mental self-image; the need to look down at arms, hands, legs, et...

Plasmolysis

... contraction of cells within plants due to the loss of water through osmosis . It is the cell membrane peeling off of the cell wall and the vacuole collapsing. Plasmolysis occurs when a plant cell's membrane shrinks away from its cell wall. This phenomenon occurs when water is drawn out of the ce...

Plasmid

...lasmids are often 'incompatible', resulting in the loss of one of them from the cell line. Therefore, plasmids can be assigned into incompatibility groups , depending on their ability to coexist in a single cell. These incompatibility groupings are due to the regulation of vital plasmid functions. An o...

Parasitology

...flesh, distressing the animal and causing economic loss to the farmer, Otodectes cynotis , the cat ear mite, responsible for Canker, and Gyrodactylus salaris , a monogenean parasite of salmon , which can wipe out populations which are not resistant. Parasite ecology and population genetics The ...

Redox

...n by a molecule or atom. Oxidation describes the loss of an electron by a molecule or atom.These two terms go together, because in a chemical reaction, one cannot occur without the other; electrons lost by one compound must be gained by another. Contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Ox...

Osmoregulation

...s in higher plants . Control of water intake and loss is by means of those internal and external factors which affect the rate of transpiration. Plants share with animals the problems of obtaining water and in disposing of the surplus. Certain plants develop methods of water conservation. Xerophytes ...

Oncogene

...by an increase in protein ( enzyme )activity a loss of regulation the creation of a hybrid protein , through a chromosomal aberration during cell division . A distinct aberration in a dividing stem cell in the bone marrow leads to adult leukemia An increase in protein concentration, ca...

Muscle

...le integrity is disrupted. It leads to progressive loss of strength, high dependence and decreased life span. Inflammatory muscle disorders: Polymyalgia rheumatica (or "muscle rheumatism") is an inflammatory condition that mainly occurs in the elderly; it is associated with giant-cell arteritis . I...

Mutational meltdown

... accumulates deleterious mutations, which leads to loss of fitness and decline of the population size, which leads to further accumulation of deleterious mutations. A population experiencing mutational meltdown is trapped in a downward spiral and will go extinct eventually. See also : Muller's ratch...

Microsatellite

...epeated simple sequences cause a high frequency of loss or insertion of additional repeats by confusing the DNA replication machinery. Self-complementary sequences may aid this process. In tumour cells, where controls on replication may be damaged, microsatellites may be gained or lost at an especiall...

Marine biology

...nd in maturity in yet others. Scientists were at a loss for quite a while as to the location of many species during different parts of their life cycles. In fact where sea turtles travel is still largely unknown. Tracking devices just don't work for some life forms, and the rigors of the ocean are not f...

Long-term potentiation

...memories may be forgotten through the weakening or loss of connections. For example, a man might be startled by the sound of a car alarm outside. Sensory cells in the ear record the sound and send it to the brain where it activates neurons that control the man's muscles. But as the blaring alarm continues...

Leaf

...lowing ways: Hairy leaf surface to lessen water loss Waxy leaf surface to prevent water loss Small, shiny leaves to deflect the sun 's rays Thicker leaves to store water (e.g. rhubarb ) ...

Insulin

...us system – dizzness, speech problems, even loss of consciousness, are common. This phenomenon is known as hypoglycemia or, in cases producing unconsciousness, hypoglycemic coma (formerly termed insulin shock from the most common causative agent). Because endogenous causes of insulin excess (su...

Human

...tic variation at the MC1R locus and the time since loss of human body hair." Current Anthropology 45 (1): 105-108. Sagan, Carl. 1978. The Dragons of Eden , A Balantine Book, ISBN 0345346297...

Foot and mouth disease

...d cause lameness. Adult animals may suffer weight loss from which they do not recover for several months, and in cows, milk production can decline significantly. Though most animals eventually recover from FMD, the disease can lead to myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) and death, especia...

Extinction

...nge in conditions. Effects that cause or reward a loss in genetic diversity can increase the chances of extinction of a species. Population bottlenecks can dramatically reduce genetic diversity by severly limiting the number of reproducing individuals and make inbreeding more frequent. The found...

Enzyme

...aration containing a protease will often result in loss of the enzyme being purified unless the protease is inhibited or inactivated. See also List of enzymes References Koshland D. The Enzymes, v. I, ch. 7, Acad. Press, New York, 1959 Perutz M. Proc.Roy.Soc., B 167, 448, 1967 M.V. Vol...

Warm-blooded

...the skin), panting or sweating (to increase heat loss through evaporation ). Warm-blooded versus co... helps keep heat inside the body, and prevents the loss of heat through the fish's gills into the cold water. Bees . An individual bee is perfectly cold ...

Ebola

...f the Congo, and Sudan to lose revenue through the loss of people who would have been able to work and ben...as lost through these deaths (Busharizi). Another loss in economic revenue has been the deaths of monkeys traded throughout the world for experimental purp...

Diabetes mellitus

...ors (either malignant or benign) can also lead to loss of insulin production. Currently , type 1 is tre...lly treated by changes in diet and through weight loss . This can restore insulin sensitivity, even when the weight lost is modest e.g. around 5 kg (10 to ...

Collagen

...encies can cause scurvy , a disease that leads to loss of teeth and easy bruising caused by a reduction in strength of connective tissue due to a lack of or defective collagen. The white collagen that makes up the matrix of most connective tissue in mammals consists of inter-woven fibres of the protein ...

Chromosome

...t may carry a chromosome rearrangement.The gain or loss of chromosome material can lead to a variety of genetic disorders . Examples include: Cri du chat syndrome , which is caused by the deletion of part of the short arm of chromosome 5. Victims make high-pitched cries that sound like a cat. They ...

Carbohydrate

... The binding between the two sugars results in the loss of a hydrogen atom (H) from one molecule and a hy...ydrate consumption as a means to achieving weight loss or overall good health . Problems have been cited for the long term effects of a no-carbohydrate ...

Cancer

...ological symptoms. Systemic symptoms : weight loss , poor appetite and cachexia (wasting), excess... size and shape, variation in cell size and shape, loss of specialized cell features, loss of normal tissue organization, and a poorly defined tumor boundar...

Barbiturate

...ol intoxication . Symptoms include slurred speech, loss of motor coordination, and impaired judgment. Depending on the dose, frequency, and duration of use, one can rapidly develop tolerance , physical dependence, and psychological dependence to barbiturates. With the development of tolerance, the margin...

Biodiversity

...al stress and consequently is more productive. The loss of a species is thus likely to decreases the abili..., most scientists believe that the rate of species loss is greater now than at any time in human history- with extinctions occuring at rates hundreds of tim...

Barr body

...f Xist and Tsix appear to be antagonistic. The loss of Tsix expression on the future inactive X chromosome results in an increase in levels of Xist around the Xic . Meanwhile, on the future active X Tsix levels are maintained; thus the levels of Xist remain low. This shift allows Xist to be...

Albumin

..., this property is lost, and there is more albumin loss in the urine. Because smaller animals (for exampl...he kidneys (as in nephrotic syndrome ) Excess loss in bowel (protein losing enteropathy) Mutation causing albuminemia (very rare) Links Human ...