heart

Thermoregulation

...capital of the respiratory centre. The rate of the heart is quickened, the beats then become irregular and finally cease. The central nervous system is also profoundly affected, consciousness may be lost, and the patient falls into a comatose condition, or delirium and convulsions may set in. All these cha...

Stem cell

... apparently able to repair muscle damaged after heart attacks . Heart attacks are due to the coronary a... form of adult stem cells, into mice which had had heart attacks induced resulted in an improvement of 33 percent in the functioning of the heart. The damage...

Signal transduction

...lly important in neurons and muscle cells . In heart and pancreas cells, another second messenger (cyclic ADP ribose ) takes part in the receptor activation. The localized and time-limited activity of Ca 2+ in the cytosol is also called a Ca 2+ wave . The building of the wave is done by ...

Patau syndrome

...ak muscle tone (hypotonia), an increased risk of heart defects, skeletal abnormalities, and other medical problems. Affected individuals rarely live past infancy because of the life threatening medical problems associated with this condition. Patau syndrome affects approximately 1 in 10,000 live births. ...

Nutrition

...e to the 'diseases of civilization' - diabetes , heart disease and cancer - than Europeans, and their ...cable endemic illnesses began to flourish, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes and obesity. These illnesses are increasingly recognised now as being som...

Muscle

... sarcomeres cardiac muscle : found within the heart skeletal muscle (or "voluntary"): attached to ...ossibly be the strongest muscle at birth. The heart has a claim to being the muscle that performs the largest quantity of physical work in the course o...

Marfan syndrome

...tures, including the skeleton , lungs , eyes , heart and blood vessels . It is named for the French ...symptoms may in turn cause unusual pressure on the heart and lungs. Other symptons include; abnormaljoint flexibility, high palates , flat feet, stooped sho...

Mathematical biology

...ng behaviour [6] Multi-scale modelling of the heart [7] Travelling waves in a wound-healing assay [8] The mechanochemical theory of morphogenesis [9] Biological pattern formation [10] Modelling the movement of interacting cell populations [11] Mathematical modelling of scar tissue fo...

Marine biology

... have evolved . Fish anatomy includes two chamber heart , operculum , secretory cells that produce mucous , swim bladder , scales , fins , gills , lips and eyes .Fish breathe under water by extracting oxygen from sea water through their gills.Fins are used to propel and stabilize them in thei...

Lung

The heart in relation to the lungs (from an older edition o...by hemoglobin . The deoxygenated blood from the heart reaches the lungs via the pulmonary artery and, after having been oxygenated, returns via the pu...

Limbic system

...ic nervous system and regulates blood pressure , heart rate , hunger , thirst , sexual arousal and the sleep/wake cycle. Connected to the pituitary gland and thus regulates the endocrine system. (Not all authors regard the hypothalamus as part of limbic system.) The limbic system is among the ol...

Insulin

...clude cerebrovascular accidents (CVA or stroke), heart attack, blindness (from proliferative diabetic retinopathy ), toehr vascular damage, nerve damage from diabetic neuropathy , or kidney failure from diabetic nephropathy . These studies have demonstrated beyond doubt that, if it is possible for a...

Human

...There will immediately arise from the depth of his heart weariness, gloom, sadness, fretfulness, vexation, despair, (Pascal, 1669). Sexuality Human sexuality , besides ensuring reproduction , has important social functions, creating bonds and hierarchies among individuals. Sexual desire is experien...

Herpetology

... of gases and respiration , have a two-chambered heart like fish, and are often bound to water for at le...hat normally has few if any glands. The reptilian heart is a three-chambered one (four-chambered in the case of crocodilians), and living reptilians usually...

Foot and mouth disease

...ase can lead to myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) and death, especially in newborn animals. Some infected animals remain asymptomatic, that is, they do not suffer from or show signs of the disease; but they are carriers of FMD and can transmit it to others. Infection with foot-and-mouth ...

Edward's syndrome

...g fingers. Those with Edward's syndrome also have heart defects , and other organ malformations such that ...f life. Major causes of death include apnea and heart abnormalities. It is impossible to predict the prognosis of an Edward's Syndrome child during pr...

Down syndrome

...bilities, such as recurring infectious diseases , heart problems, poor eyesight, and hearing problems. Other physical characteristics associated with the disorder include presence of a simian crease . Early educational intervention, screening for common problems such as thyroid functioning, medical trea...

Diabetes mellitus

... problem frequently caused by diabetes, such as a heart attack , stroke , neuropathy , poor wound healin... Large vessel disease complications: ischemic heart disease caused by both large and small vessel disease stroke peripheral vascular disease whic...

Cancer

...ntially better than nonmalignant diseases such as heart failure and stroke . Nonetheless, in the late 1990's cancer overtook heart disease as the leading cause of death in the United Kingdom, and in 2002 the same happened in the Un...

Brain

...as a cooling mechanism for the blood , while the heart was the seat of intelligence. Aristotle reasoned that humans are more rational than the beasts because they have a proportionally larger brain to cool their hot-bloodedness (Bear, 2001). During the Roman Empire , the anatomist Galen dissected ...

Blood

...moves in blood vessels and is circulated by the heart , a muscular pump. It passes to the lungs to be ...ssels called capillaries . It then returns to the heart through the veins .See circulatory system for a more detailed description of this circulation. B...

Biomechanics

...rial wall, the behavior of cardiomyocytes within a heart with a cardiac infarct, and bone growth in respons... involuntarily contracted cells are located in the heart wall and operate in concert to develop synchronized beats. This is attributable to a refractory peri...

Biodiversity

... ), digitalis from the foxglove plant (chronic heart trouble), and morphine from the poppy plant (pain relief). According the National Cancer Institute , over 70 % of the promising anti-cancer drugs come from plants in the tropical rainforests . Animal may also play a role, in particular in resea...

Anatomy

...an organ or system (such as nerves , arteries , heart , and so forth), as it is found in humans; this is followed by an account of the development (embryology) and comparative anatomy (morphology), as far as vertebrate animals are concerned; but only those parts of the lower animals which are of inter...

Alexander Fleming

...llus sp. - orange Fleming died in 1955 of a heart attack . He was buried as a national hero in the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral in London. His discovery of penicillin had changed the world of modern medicines by introducing the age of useful antibiotics . External link Time 100: The Most...