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GROWing in Biological Definition

Plant

... Annual : live and reproduce within one growing season. Biennial : live for two growing seasons; usually reproduce in second year. Perennial : live for many growing seasons; continue to reproduce once mature. ...

Plant

... Annual : live and reproduce within one growing season. Biennial : live for two growing seasons; usually reproduce in second year. Perennial : live for many growing seasons; continue to reproduce once mature. ...

Biodiversity

... source of beauty and joy for many people. Ecotourism in particular, is a growing outdoor recreational activity. Ecologists and environmentalists were ... and are generally very productive. As a result of the pressures of the growing human population, human activity in many of these areas is increasing ...

HeLa

... difficult to control. They sometimes contaminate other cell cultures growing in the same laboratory, interfering with biological research. The degree ... actually HeLa, their original cells having been overwhelmed by a rapidly growing population derived from HeLa contaminant cells. It has been estimated that ...

Human

... typically reaching sexual maturity at 12-15 years of age. Boys continue growing for some time after this, reaching their maximum height around the age of ... on the lifestyle, other natural resources such as fertile land for growing crops and grazing livestock , or seasonally by populations of prey . ...

Lichen

... lichen on basalt Usnea australis , a fruticose form, growing on a tree branch Lichens are symbiotic organisms made up by the ... . Hence, they have potential as pollution indicator organisms. When growing on mineral surfaces, lichens slowly degrade it by secreting acids that ...

Liver

... Quadrate 4 Right 5, 6, 7, 8 Fetal blood supply In the growing fetus, a major source of blood to the liver is the umbilical vein which supplies nutrients to the growing fetus. The umbilical vein enters the abdomen at the umbilicus, and passes ...

Alexander Fleming

... about penicillin in the British Journal of Experimental Pathology in 1929 . Fleming worked with the mould for some time, but refining and growing it was a difficult process better suited to chemists. In part by believing its effect may only hold valid with small infections and further by not ...

Artificial life

... fresh water, harvesting minerals from seawater) for an investment that would be relatively small compared to the huge returns from the exponentially growing numbers of factories. Freeman Dyson also studied the idea, envisioning self-replicating machines sent to explore and exploit other planets and ...

Bioinformatics

... similarities between protein functions, or relations between species (the use of molecular systematics to construct phylogenetic trees ). With the growing amount of data, it becomes impossible to analyze DNA sequences manually. Today, computer programs are used to find similar sequences in the genome ...

Bone

... the epiphyses of long bones and the extremities of irregular and flat bones. The diaphyses and the epiphyses of long bones remain separated by a growing zone of cartilage (the metaphysis ) until the child reaches adulthood (18 to 25 years of age), whereupon the cartilage ossifies, fusing the two ...

Bioinformatics

... similarities between protein functions, or relations between species (the use of molecular systematics to construct phylogenetic trees ). With the growing amount of data, it becomes impossible to analyze DNA sequences manually. Today, computer programs are used to find similar sequences in the genome ...

Digital organism

... interpret than those with Tierra. With Avida, digital organism research has begun to be accepted as a valid contribution to evolutionary biology by a growing number of evolutionary biologists. Evolutionary biologist Richard Lenski of Michigan State University has used Avida extensively in his work. ...

Down syndrome

... Down Syndrome: A Promising Future, Together. (1999), Hassold, T. J. and Patterson, D. (Eds.). New York, NY, USA: Wiley Liss. Count us in - growing up with Down syndrome. (1994) Kingsley, J. and Levitz, M. (1994) San Diego, CA, USA: Harcourt Brace. Medical and Surgical Care for Children ...

Drosophila

... and other preserves, and wherever vinegar is standing open, they are there. Adult flies as well as larvae feed on the fruit juices and the yeast growing on rotting fruit. Most eggs live inside of the fruit along the peel of the fruit. "Some feed on other decaying organic matter or on plant exudations; ...

Warm-blooded

... of winter. The warming is modest by animal standards, but is enough to enable them to get an early start in the spring. This permits them to start growing while all their predators and competition are still asleep because of the cold. See also poikilothermic endothermic ectothermic ...

Endosymbiotic theory

... been considered, although they lack DNA. Christian de Duve proposed that they may have been the first endosymbionts, allowing cells to withstand growing amounts of free molecular oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere. However, it now appears that they may be formed de novo , contradicting the idea that ...

Enzyme

... only catalyze RNA splicing , though one notable exception is the RNA portion of the ribosome, which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds in growing protein chains. Enzymes and health Enzymes are essential to living organisms, and a malfunction of even a single enzyme out of approximately ...

Evolutionary developmental biology

... developmental mechanisms which are encoded by those genes has become clearer. Evolutionary developmental biology has arisen as a response to these growing trends. Development and the origin of novelty One of the more surprising and perhaps, counter-intuitive, results of such research in ...

Fungus

... live as mycorrhizae , in mutualistic relationships with plants . Some of the detritivorous fungi are also considered "facultative parasites," growing on weakened or dying organisms. Among the parasitic fungi are species which are insectivorous or helminthivorous (worm-eating). Some insectivorous ...

Gene therapy

... the injections of vectors containing p53 — a gene that suppresses tumours — directly in to the cancerous tissue, the tumours stopped growing and were broken down by the body. Adenoviruses are larger, DNA-based viruses, which can carry more genes. A problem affecting all virus-based ...

Growth curve

... 5-Fluoro Uracil ) interfere with DNA replication and can cause the death of cells that attempt to replicate their DNA and divide. A rapidly growing tumor will have more actively dividing cells and more cell death upon exposure to such anticancer drugs. In the example shown in Figure 2, a ...

Photosynthesis

... of the soil in the pot of a plant and the mass of the plant as it grew, discovered that, with the soil mass changed very little, the mass of the growing plant must come from the water, the only substance he added to the potted plant. Joseph Priestley , a chemist and minister, discovered that when ...

Joint

... adulthood. Children whose craniums fuse too early may suffer deformities and brain damage, as the skull does not expand properly to accommodate the growing brain - a condition known as craniostenosis . Amphiarthroses are slightly moveable joints where the two bone surfaces at the joint - both ...

Leaf

... 45, etc). Note: opposite leaves may appear whorled near the tip of the stem. Rosulate — leaves form a rosette ( = a cluster of leaves growing in crowded circles from a common center). Leaves of the Norway Spruce ( Picea abies ) are needle-shaped and the arrangement is ...

Life

... all the following phenomena at least once during its existence : Growth Metabolism , consuming, transforming and storing energy / mass ; growing by absorbing and reorganizing mass; excreting waste Motion, either moving itself, or having internal motion Reproduction , the ability to create ...

Louis Pasteur

... artificially weakened diseases the generic name of vaccines , to honour Jenner's discovery. Pasteur produced the first vaccine for rabies by growing the virus in rabbits and then weakening it by drying the affected nerve tissue. This vaccine was first used on 9-year old Joseph Meister on July 6 ...

Natural selection

... offspring inherit traits from their progenitor(s), and IF there is variability of traits, and IF the environment cannot support all members of a growing population, THEN those members of the population with less-adaptive traits (determined by the environment) will die out, and THEN those members ...

Neurospora crassa

... and includes approximately 10,000 genes. In its natural environment, N. crassa lives mainly in tropical and sub-tropical regions. It can be found growing on dead plant matter after fires. External links The Neurospora Homepage ...

Origin of life

... in the early 1980s , and Stuart Kauffman 's notion of collectively autocatalytic sets discussed later in that decade. Hybrid models A growing realization of the inadequacy of either pure "genes-first" or "metabolism-first" models is leading the trend towards models that incorporate aspects ...

Parthenogenesis

... Kaguya is one success from 460 attempts at growing embryos. (c) T. Kono Parthenogenesis (Partheno-genesis from the Greek παρθενος, "virgin", + ...

Phloem

... sugar. During the plant's growth period, usually during the spring, storage organs such as the roots are sugar sources, and the plant's many growing areas are sugar sinks. The movement in phloem is bidirectional, wheras in xylem cells, it is unidirectional (upward). After the growth period, ...

Photosynthesis

... of the soil in the pot of a plant and the mass of the plant as it grew, discovered that, with the soil mass changed very little, the mass of the growing plant must come from the water, the only substance he added to the potted plant. Joseph Priestley , a chemist and minister, discovered that when ...

Prion

... of prion fibers. As a result, only free protein molecules that are identical in amino acid sequence to the prion protein can be recruited into the growing fiber. This "specificity" phenomenon may explain why transmission of prion diseases from one species to another (such as from sheep to cows or from ...

Stem cell

... marrow (adult) stem cells have been used to treat cancer patients with conditions such as leukemia and lymphoma . During chemotherapy , most growing cells are killed by the cytotoxic agents. These agents not only kill the leukemia or neoplastic cells, but also the stem cells needed to replace ...
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