glycolysis

Phosphorylation

...hesized by substrate level phosphorylation during glycolysis .ATP is synthesized at the expense of solar energy by photophosphorylation in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Phosphorylation of sugars is often the stage of their catabolism . It allows cells to accumulate sugars because the phosphate grou...

Oxidative phosphorylation

...tabolic pathway of cellular respiration , after glycolysis and the citric acid cycle . The process takes ...lecules contributed through oxidation of glucose ( glycolysis , conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA , and the Krebs cycle ) account for 34 of the 38 total AT...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

...xidized form of NAD. NAD is used extensively in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle of cellular respiration . It forms NADP with the addition of a phosphate group to the 2' position of the nucleotide through an ester linkage. NADP is produced in the preliminary cycles of photosynthesis , and is used ...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

...xidized form of NAD. NAD is used extensively in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle of cellular respiration . It forms NADP with the addition of a phosphate group to the 2' position of the nucleotide through an ester linkage. NADP is produced in the preliminary cycles of photosynthesis , and is used ...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

...xidized form of NAD. NAD is used extensively in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle of cellular respiration . It forms NADP with the addition of a phosphate group to the 2' position of the nucleotide through an ester linkage. NADP is produced in the preliminary cycles of photosynthesis , and is used ...

Mitochondrion

...his is done by metabolizing the major products of glycolysis , pyruvate and NADH (glycolysis is performed o... Krebs cycle Each pyruvate molecule produced by glycolysis is actively transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and into the matrix where it is c...

Mitochondrion

...his is done by metabolizing the major products of glycolysis , pyruvate and NADH (glycolysis is performed o... Krebs cycle Each pyruvate molecule produced by glycolysis is actively transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and into the matrix where it is c...

Metabolism

...xygen . Embden-Meyerhof pathway , the common glycolysis pathway. Entner-Doudoroff Pathway , an alternative glycolysis pathway in few bacteria . Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt), generatio...

Citric acid cycle

...yotes . Fuel molecule catabolism (including glycolysis ) produces acetyl-CoA , a two- carbon acetyl group bound to coenzyme A . Acetyl-CoA is the main input to the citric acid cycle. Citrate is both the first and the last product of the cycle (Fig 1), and is regenerated by the condensation of oxa...

Insulin

...ucose transporter GLUT2 Glucose goes into the glycolysis and the respiratory cycle where the high-energy ATP molecule is produced by oxidation Dependent on blood glucose levels and hence ATP levels, the ATP controlled potassium channels (K+) close and the cell membranes depolarise On depolaris...

Glycolysis

...tabolism . The most common and well-known form of glycolysis is the Embden - Meyerhof pathway. The term can b...such as the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway . However, glycolysis will be used here as a synonym for the Embden-Meyerhof pathway . Glycolysis is the most universa...

Glucose

...disaccharides, most of which are glucose. Through glycolysis , glucose is immediately involved in the production of ATP , the cell's energy carrier. In addition, it is critical in the production of protein and in lipid metabolism. As the central nervous system does not metabolise lipids, it is more de...

Cytosol

...important role in signal transduction pathways, glycolysis , and they act as intracellular receptors and ribosomes . In prokaryotes, all chemical reactions take place in the cytosol. In eukaryotes , the cytosol contains the cell organelles . In plants, the amount of cytosol can be reduced due to the lar...

Cytoplasm

...eactions take place here, for example anaerobic glycolysis and proteic synthesis . See also : microtubules , vesicle...

Citric acid cycle

...yotes . Fuel molecule catabolism (including glycolysis ) produces acetyl-CoA , a two- carbon acetyl group bound to coenzyme A . Acetyl-CoA is the main input to the citric acid cycle. Citrate is both the first and the last product of the cycle (Fig 1), and is regenerated by the condensation of oxa...

Cellular respiration

... broken down into two basic metabolic pathways : glycolysis , anaerobic respiration or aerobic respiration ...enine dinucleotide (NAD + ), which is consumed by glycolysis . Ethanol fermentation (done by yeast and some types of bacteria ) breaks the pyruvate down ...

Carbohydrate

...abolic pathways of carbohydrate catabolism : glycolysis citric acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation See also Biochemistry Macromolecules Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis Pentose phosphate pathway External links IUPAC-IUBMB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (JC...

Biochemistry

...s and metabolic pathways of the cell , such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle). Today, the findings of biochemistry are used in many areas, from genetics to molecular biology and from agriculture to medicine . The first application of biochemistry was probably the making of br...

Anaerobic

...ge . See also: Anaerobic exercise Anaerobic glycolysis Anaerobic metabolism Anaerobic organism Anaerobic respiration oxygen depletion...

Aerobic

...robic . See also: Aerobic exercise Aerobic glycolysis Aerobic metabolism Aerobic organism Aerobic respiration Aerobics...