Biophysics
... labeling and in vivo staining are used so that
experimental results are observable with an unaided eye or, at ... number ) level. By drawing knowledge and
experimental techniques from a wide variety of disciplines (as ... to encompass research areas that apply models and
experimental techniques derived from physics (e.g. ...
Experimental evolution
... In evolutionary biology , the field of
experimental evolution is concerned with testing the theory ... experiments throughout human history
2 Early
experimental evolution
3 Lenski's long-term evolution experiment with E. coli
4
experimental evolution today
5 Further reading
...
Species
... which hybridization may succeed under natural and
experimental conditions, or even in the degree to which some ... Often it is not possible to achieve certainty by
experimental means either: even if the two proposed species ... A certain amount can be inferred from other
experimental methods: for example, do the members of ...
Apoptosis
... Death and Differentiation 7 p. 112, Jan. 2000 ( PubMed ).
Nagata, S.,
experimental cell research 256 p. 12, 10 Apr. 2000 PubMed .
Saunders, J.W., ... 302 p. 1516, 28 Nov. 2003 ( PubMed ).
Susin, S.A. et al. , Journal of
experimental Medicine 192 p. 571, 21 Aug. 2000 ( PubMed ).
Takaoka, Akinori, et ...
Cell growth
... cell size regulation
1.2 Cell size regulation in mammals
1.3 Other
experimental systems for the study of cell size regulation
2 Cell reproduction ... accomplish this, so most human neurons are releatively small.
h
Other
experimental systems for the study of cell size regulation
One common means to ...
Chromatography
...
K is assumed to be independent of concentration, and can change if
experimental conditions are changed, for example temperature is increased or decreased. ... extent of travel of the solvent, and in theory are independant of a single
experimental run. They do depend on the solvent used, and the type of TLC plate.
...
Diabetes mellitus
... using blood test kits. The treatment must be continued indefinitely.
experimental replacement of beta cells (by transplant) is being investigated in several ... hypodermic needle. There are several insulin application mechanisms under
experimental development as of 2004. There have also been proposed vaccines for type I ...
Gregor Mendel
... to study variation in plants. He commenced his study in his monastery's
experimental garden. Between 1856 and 1863 Mendel cultivated and tested some 28,000 ... of the start of the modern synthesis in evolutionary biology.
His
experimental results have later been the object of considerable dispute. The renowned ...
Insulin
... the skin temporarily porous. The insulin administration aspect remains
experimental at this writing. The blood glucose test aspect of such 'wrist appliances' ... of only pancreatic beta cells is a possibility. It has been highly
experimental (for which read 'prone to failure') for many years, but some researchers ...
Alexander Fleming
... was immediately recognized, however the discovery was still underestimated. Fleming issued a publication about penicillin in the British Journal of
experimental Pathology in 1929 .
Fleming worked with the mould for some time, but refining and growing it was a difficult process better suited to chemists. ...
Ames test
... externally with essential nutrients. Cultures of the bacteria are grown in an agar containing dish so that a "lawn" of bacteria is present. The
experimental cultures are exposed to the agent to be tested while the positive control cultures are exposed to a known mutagen to confirm that there has been no ...
Andrew Huxley
... for research on synapses . Hodgkin and Huxley's findings led the pair to hypothesize ion channels , which were confirmed only decades later.
The
experimental measurements on which the pair based their action potential theory represent one of the earliest applications of a technique of electrophysiology ...
Biotechnology
... Rather, the term describes start-up companies especially in medical discovery that are characterised by many years of financial losses as they put
experimental drugs through clinical trials.
Contents showTocToggle("show","hide")
1 Sub-fields of biotechnology
2 Biotechnology timeline
...
Cancer
... of cancer and whether there are tissues and organs nearby that may be damaged by radiation.
Clinical trials
Clinical trials , also called
experimental cancer treatment or research studies, test new treatments in people with cancer. The goal of this research is to find better ways to treat cancer ...
Ebola
... exactly was lost through these deaths (Busharizi).
Another loss in economic revenue has been the deaths of monkeys traded throughout the world for
experimental purposes. Three out of the four Japanese airlines that transport monkeys throughout the world have quit transporting monkeys because of the risk of ...
Electrophysiology
... Advantages: Chemistry of cell is unchanged, axon pulses are discriminated from the less frequent retrograde cell action potentials.
Disadvantages:
experimental protocol requirements are strict
Amperometry is another technique of electrophysiology, which uses a carbon electrode and is typically used to ...
Eugenics
... began experimenting with evolution of plants and animals. In 1904, Davenport received funds from the Carnegie Institution to found the Station for
experimental Evolution. 1910 heralded the Eugenics Record Office , Davenport and Harry H. Laughlin began to promote eugenics. In years to come the ERO ...
Evolution
...
Convergent evolution
evolutionary medicine
endosymbiont
evolutionary algorithm
evolution of sex
evolutionary tree
experimental evolution
fitness landscape
genetic algorithm
gradualism
modern evolutionary synthesis
natural science
...
Genomics
... that possess it. Conservation also suggests that sequence has functional significance. It may be a protein coding sequence or regulatory region.
experimental investigation of some of these sequences has shown that some are transcribed into small RNA molecules, although the functions of these RNAs were ...
Konrad Lorenz
... Lorenz's ideas about an inherited basis for behaviour patterns were congenial to the Nazi authorities, but there is no evidence to suggest that his
experimental work was either inspired or distorted by Nazi ideas.
During the final years of his life Lorenz supported the fledgling Austrian Green Party , ...
Microbiology
... after the bacteria had been exposed to the virus.
The extensive characterization of microbes has allowed them to be used in industry and as
experimental tools in different branches of biology:
Bacteria and simple eukaryotes contain small circular DNAs , called plasmids . Plasmids can be ...
Neuron
... Neurons and glia make up the two chief cell types of the central nervous system. There are far more glial cells than neurons, and recent
experimental results have suggested that glial cells play a vital role in information processing among neurons.
Histology and internal structure
Nerve ...
Nutrition
... March 10, 2004 Work up an Amish appetite by Anne-Celine Jaeger
Das M, Gabriely I, Barzilai N. Caloric restriction, body fat and aging in
experimental models. Obes Rev. 2004 Feb;5(1):13-9.
William Eaton et al Coeliac disease and schizophrenia British Medical Journal, February 21, 2004.
...
Photon
... (the metre is defined as the distance travelled by light in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second , so the speed of light does not suffer any
experimental uncertainty, unlike the metre or the second), or approximately 3×10 8 m s −1 .
The dispersion relation of photons (that is, the ...
Physiology
... Topics
4 See also
History
Anatomist William Harvey described blood circulation in the 17th century , providing the beginning of
experimental physiology. Herman Boerhaave is sometimes referred to as the father of physiology due to his exemplary teaching in Leiden and textbook ...
Thomas Hunt Morgan
... nineteenth-century biology as a descriptive science, Morgan's findings about genes and their location on chromosomes helped transform biology into an
experimental science." The centimorgan , a unit of recombinant frequency used in gene mapping, was named in his honor.
External links
...
X-ray crystallography
... and not their respective phases, the latter encoding the majority of the information about the actual shape of electron density. A combination of
experimental and computational methods are typically used to solve the phase problem , in order to estimate phases and obtain an initial map of the electron ...