diffraction

X-ray crystallography

...tallography in which the pattern produced by the diffraction of x-rays through the closely spaced lattice of...esources/Books Inorganic Structures X-ray diffraction finds frequent use in materials science because sample preparation is relatively easy, and the tes...

Optical spectrum

...tronomical spectroscopy utilises high-dispersion diffraction gratings to observe spectra at very high spectral resolutions. The first exoplanets to be discovered were found by analysing the doppler shift of stars at such high resolution that variations in their radial velocity as small as a few metres pe...

Photon

...a (such as glass) than in vacuum. (The reason for diffraction can be deduced from this by Huygens' principle .) Another way of phrasing it is to say that the photon, by being blended with the matter excitation to form a polariton, acquires an effective mass , which means that it cannot travel at c , the s...

Microscope

...bility to resolve features by a phenomenon called diffraction which, based on the numerical aperture (NA or A N ) of the optical system and the wavelengths of light used ( λ ), sets a definite limit ( d ) to the optical resolution . Assuming that optical aberrations are negligible, the res...

James D. Watson

...re he met Francis Crick . Building on the X-ray diffraction research of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins , they together deduced the double helix structure of DNA, which they published in the journal Nature on April 25, 1953 . Watson, Crick, and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiol...

Insulin

...l conformation of the molecule, by means of X-ray diffraction studies. She also was awarded a Nobel Prize. 1. Preproinsulin ( L eader, B chain, C chain, A chain); proinsulin consists of BCA, without L 2. Spontaneous folding 3. A and B chains linked by sulphide bonds 4. Leader and C chain are cut o...

DNA

...ins and Rosalind Franklin were examining X-ray diffraction patterns of DNA fibers. Discovery that DNA ...ure from X-ray patterns. Even in the initial crude diffraction data from DNA, it was evident that the structure involved helices. But this insight was only a begin...

Biochemistry

...of new techniques such as chromatography , X-ray diffraction , NMR , radioisotopic labelling , electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. These techniques allowed for the discovery and detailed analysis of many molecules and metabolic pathways of the cell , such as glycolysis and the K...