Cytoskeleton
... The
cytoskeleton is a cellular " scaffolding " or " skeleton " ...
1 The eukaryotic
cytoskeleton
1.1 Actin Filaments
1.2 Intermediate ...
1.3 Microtubules
2 The prokaryotic
cytoskeleton
2.1 FtsZ
2.2 MreB and ParM
2.3 ...
Protein
... or mechanical roles, such as those that form the struts and joints of the
cytoskeleton . Still more functions filled by proteins include immune response and ... all are proteins as well. The filamentous material that makes up the
cytoskeleton of cells and much of the structure of animals is also protein: ...
Actin
... a globular protein that polymerize helicaly forming actin filaments (or microfilaments ), which like the other two components of the cellular
cytoskeleton form a three-dimensional network inside an eukariotic cell . Actin filaments provide mechanical support for the cell, determine the cell shape, ...
Apoptosis
... morphology that can be seen under a microscope :
The cell becomes round (circular). This occurs because the protein structures that conform the
cytoskeleton are digested by specialized peptidases (called caspases ) that have been activated inside the cell.
Chromatin ( DNA and its packaging ...
Cell biology
... extracted from membranes by detergents and salts .
See also
Active transport
Adhesion
Chloroplast
Cilia
Cytoplasm
cytoskeleton
Endoplasmic reticulum
Flagella
Glycolysis
Golgi apparatus
Lipid bilayer
Membrane
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Organelle ...
Colchicine
... C 22 H 25 N O 6 . Name is N -[(7 S )-5,6,7,9-tetrahydro-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxobenzo[ a ]heptalen-7-yl)acetamide] .
It inhibits the
cytoskeleton by binding to tubulin , one of the main constituents of microtubules . Apart from inhibiting mitosis , a process heavily dependent on ...
Cytosol
... volume.
The cytosol is not a "soup" with free-floating particles, but is highly organized on the molecular level. The cytosol also contains the
cytoskeleton . This is made of fibrous proteins ( microfilaments , microtubules , and intermediate filaments ) and (in many organisms) maintains the shape of ...
Morphogenesis
... bicoid mRNAs attach to microtubules and are concentrated at the anterior ends of forming Drosophila eggs. Nanos mRNAs also attach to the egg
cytoskeleton but they concentrate at the posterior ends of the eggs. Hunchback and caudal mRNAs lack special location control systems and are fairly evenly ...
Endoplasmic reticulum
... polypeptide reaches its destination. Proteins that are destined for places outside the ER are packed into transport vesicles and moved along the
cytoskeleton towards their destination.
The ER is also part of a protein sorting pathway.
Other functions
Insertion of proteins into the ER membrane. ...
Eukaryote
... prokaryotes, typically a thousand times by volume. Usually, they have a variety of internal membranes and structures, called organelles , and a
cytoskeleton composed of microtubules and microfilaments , which plays an important role in defining the cell's organization. However, some eukaryotes (e.g. ...
Cell membrane
... caveolae are examples of more cohesive membrane regions. Across the membrane globally, also many proteins are not entirely free to diffuse. The
cytoskeleton undergirds the cell membrane and provides anchoring points for integral membrane proteins. Anchoring restricts them to a particular cell face or ...
Intermediate filament
... Intermediate filaments are one component of the
cytoskeleton - important structural components of living cells. Their size is intermediate between that of microfilaments and microtubules . They are ...
Actin
... a globular protein that polymerize helicaly forming actin filaments (or microfilaments ), which like the other two components of the cellular
cytoskeleton form a three-dimensional network inside an eukariotic cell . Actin filaments provide mechanical support for the cell, determine the cell shape, ...
Mitotic spindle
... The mitotic spindle is a structure of the eukaryotic
cytoskeleton involved in mitosis and meiosis . It consists of a bundle of microtubules joined at the ends but spread out in the middle, vaguely resembling ...
Morphogenesis
... bicoid mRNAs attach to microtubules and are concentrated at the anterior ends of forming Drosophila eggs. Nanos mRNAs also attach to the egg
cytoskeleton but they concentrate at the posterior ends of the eggs. Hunchback and caudal mRNAs lack special location control systems and are fairly evenly ...
Cell membrane
... caveolae are examples of more cohesive membrane regions. Across the membrane globally, also many proteins are not entirely free to diffuse. The
cytoskeleton undergirds the cell membrane and provides anchoring points for integral membrane proteins. Anchoring restricts them to a particular cell face or ...
Endoplasmic reticulum
... polypeptide reaches its destination. Proteins that are destined for places outside the ER are packed into transport vesicles and moved along the
cytoskeleton towards their destination.
The ER is also part of a protein sorting pathway.
Other functions
Insertion of proteins into the ER membrane. ...
Endoplasmic reticulum
... polypeptide reaches its destination. Proteins that are destined for places outside the ER are packed into transport vesicles and moved along the
cytoskeleton towards their destination.
The ER is also part of a protein sorting pathway.
Other functions
Insertion of proteins into the ER membrane. ...
Signal transduction
... among them muscle contraction, release of neurotransmitter from nerve endings, vision in retina cells, proliferation , secretion ,
cytoskeleton management, cell motion , gene expression and metabolism . The three main pathways that lead to Ca 2+ activation are :
G protein ...
Endoplasmic reticulum
... polypeptide reaches its destination. Proteins that are destined for places outside the ER are packed into transport vesicles and moved along the
cytoskeleton towards their destination.
The ER is also part of a protein sorting pathway.
Other functions
Insertion of proteins into the ER membrane. ...