Bacterium in Biological Definition

Bacterium

... Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium ) are a major group of living organisms . They ... microscope of his own design. The name bacterium was introduced much later, by Ehrenberg in ... to sexual reproduction, the end result is that a bacterium contains a combination of traits from two ...

Bacterium

... Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium ) are a major group of living organisms . They ... microscope of his own design. The name bacterium was introduced much later, by Ehrenberg in ... to sexual reproduction, the end result is that a bacterium contains a combination of traits from two ...

Plasmid

... Figure 1 : Schematic drawing of a bacterium with plasmids enclosed. (1) Chromosomal DNA . ... that confer a selective advantage to the bacterium harboring them, e.g., the ability to build an ... , the sexual transfer of plasmids to another bacterium (Fig. 4). Non-conjugative plasmids are ...

Alexander Fleming

... first, lysozyme, was discovered after mucus from his nose dropped into a bacterium laced Petri dish (he sneezed ). A few days later, it was noted that ... had grown as a contaminant on one of the agar plates streaked with the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus . Fleming inspected the Petri dish further and ...

Antibiotic resistance

... or plasmid exchange between bacteria of the same species . If a bacterium carries several resistance genes, it is called multiresistant or, ... it is extremely adaptable to antibiotic pressure. It was the first bacterium in which penicillin resistance was found -- in 1947, just four years ...

Bacterial conjugation

... , called oriV . There can only be one copy of the F-plasmid in a bacterium (which is then called F-positive ), either free or integrated. Among ... single-stranded DNA of the nicked strand is inserted into the recipiane bacterium (5'-end first). The now single-stranded plasmid is filled up with a ...

Experimental evolution

... 1988 , Richard Lenski started a long-term evolution experiment with the bacterium E. coli . The experiment continues to this day, and is by now probably ... and genomic evolution during a 20,000-generation experiment with the bacterium Escherichia coli . Plant Breeding Reviews 24 , 225-265. S. F. Elena ...

Flagellum

... in the periplasmic space , the rotation of which causes the entire bacterium to corkscrew through its usually viscous medium. Anticlockwise ... a fundamental domain of life (e.g., Woese ), or a just a highly-derived bacterium with heavy adaptation to extremophily , particularly thermophily (e.g., ...

Genome project

... being or of a species (be it an animal , a plant , a fungus , a bacterium , an archaean , a protist or a virus ), that is, the complete set of ... Triticum spp Wheat Zea mays Maize (or corn) Escherichia coli bacterium E.coli SARS virus Arbacia punctulata the purple-spined sea ...

Antibiotic resistance

... or plasmid exchange between bacteria of the same species . If a bacterium carries several resistance genes, it is called multiresistant or, ... it is extremely adaptable to antibiotic pressure. It was the first bacterium in which penicillin resistance was found -- in 1947, just four years ...

Phage

... their genetic material into the chromosomal DNA of the host bacterium (much like endogenous retroviruses in animals) or establishing ... of E. coli . Sometimes, prophages even provide benefit to the host bacterium while they are dormant, by adding new functions to the bacterial genome , ...

Robert Koch

... are still used today. With these techniques, he was able to discover the bacterium causing tuberculosis ( Mycobacterium tuberculosis ) in 1882 (he ... Alexandria , Egypt , studying cholera . Koch identified the vibrio bacterium that caused cholera, though he never managed to prove it in experiments. ...

Ames test

... Salmonella that already have a single mutation, for example, a strain that cannot produce histidine , an amino acid that is essential for the bacterium to grow if not provided externally with essential nutrients. Cultures of the bacteria are grown in an agar containing dish so that a "lawn" of ...

Biology

... systems can be difficult to study is that there are so many different possible interactions with other organisms and the environment. A microscopic bacterium responding to a local gradient in sugar is as much responding to its environment as a lion is responding to its environment when it is searching ...

Cell growth

... there are some giant bacteria and protozoa that are visible to the naked eye. See: Table of cell sizes - Dense populations of a giant sulfur bacterium in Namibian shelf sediments - Large protists of the genus Chaos , closely related to the genus Amoeba Cell reproduction The process ...

Cytoskeleton

... DNA into the dividing daughter cells by a mechanism analogous to that used by microtubules during eukaryotic mitosis . Crescentin The bacterium Caulobacter crescentus contains a third protein, crescentin , that is related to the intermediate filaments of eukaryotic cells. Crescentin is also ...

Disulfide bond

... when bacterial cells are exposed to oxidation reactions. Hydrogen peroxide ( H 2 O 2 ) in particular can severely damage DNA and kill the bacterium at low concentrations if it weren't for the protective action of the SS-bond. In rubber Disulfide bonds also play a significant role in the ...

Gene

... 8 Honey bee 15,000 3×10 8 Worm 19,000 9.7×10 7 Fungus 6,000 1.3×10 7 bacterium 500–6,000 5×10 5 –10 7 Mycoplasma genitalium 500 580,000 DNA virus 10–900 ...

Hfr cell

... A hfr cell (also called hfr strain ) is a bacterium with a conjugative plasmid (often F ) integrated into its genomic DNA. Hfr is the abbreviation for high frequency recombination . Unlike a ...

Immune system

... This is followed by ingestion , in which the phagocyte extends projections, forming pseudopods that engulf the foreign organism. Finally the bacterium is digested by the enzymes in the lysosome. Anti-microbial proteins In addition, anti-microbial proteins may be activated if a pathogen pass ...

Microbiology

... studied and inserts them into yeast cells to study protein-protein interactions within a cellular environment. See also Archaea bacterium Biochemistry Eukaryote Genetics Geomicrobiology Immunology Medicine Prokaryote Virology ...

Outbreak

... industry of any country with an outbreak. It affects cows, pigs, sheep, goats, deer and other cloven hoofed animals. See also: epidemiology , bacterium , virus Outbreak (film) was the name of a film. ...