Axon

... An axon , or " nerve fiber ," is a long slender ... . The axons of some neurons branch to form axon collaterals , along which the bifurcated impulse ... Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley also employed the squid axon (1939) and by 1952 they had obtained a full ...

Neuron

... cell between the dendrites and the axon. The axon , a much finer, cable-like projection which may ... neuron. Each neuron has only one axon, but this axon may undergo extensive branching and thereby ... information receiving network for the neuron. axon and dendrites alike are typically only about a ...

Dendrite

... potentials do propagate back into the dendrites once initiated in the axon in most neurons. This backpropagating action potential is mediated by the ... comes from the Greek word dendron , meaning "tree". Compare : axon See also : dendritic spine ...

Electrophysiology

... Disadvantages: Impossible to record from single channels. 4. axon recording. Advantages: Chemistry of cell is unchanged, axon pulses are discriminated from the less frequent retrograde cell action ...

Andrew Huxley

... of a technique of electrophysiology known as the "voltage clamp". The second critical element of their research was the so-called giant axon of Atlantic squid ( Loligo pealei ), which enabled them to record ionic currents as they would not have been able to do in almost any other neuron ...

Cell growth

... mechanisms of mammalian cell size control are currently being investigated. The size of post-mitotic neurons depends on the size of the cell body, axon and dendrites. In vertebrates , neuron size is often a reflection of the number of synaptic contacts onto the neuron or from a neuron onto other ...

Intermediate filament

... fibrillary acidic protein) in glial cells . Neurofilaments These are found in nerve cells and are implicated in the radial growth of the axon . α-Internexin Neurofilament-L (NF-L) Neurofilament-M (NF-M) Neurofilament-H (NF-H) Nestin Intermediate filament ...

Long-term potentiation

... the persistence or repetition of a reverberatory activity (or "trace") tends to induce lasting cellular changes that add to its ... When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite a cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes ...

Magnetic resonance imaging

... move according to Brownian motion . In biological tissues however the diffusion is very often anisotropic . For example a molecule inside the axon of a neuron has a low probability to cross a myelin membrane. Therefore the molecule will move principally along the axis of the neural fiber. ...

Neurotransmitter

... ion channels are carried by second messenger systems. Neuroactive peptides are synthesized in the neuron's soma and are transported through the axon to the synapse. They are usually packaged into dense-core vesicles and are released through a similar, but metabolically distinct, form of ...

Olfaction

... These antennal lobes have two kinds of neurons, projection neurons (spiking) and local neurons (graded junction). The projection neurons send their axon terminals to mushroom body and lateral horn. Recordings from the projection neurons can accurately predict the odor presented to the animal. ...

Synapse

... binds to receptors facing into the synapse from the post-synaptic cell. The pre-synaptic nerve terminal generally buds from the tip of an axon , while the post-synaptic target surface typically appears on a dendrite , a cell body, or another part of a cell. The parts of synapses where ...