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Mayo Clinic News Release: Mayo Clinic-led Study Improves Breast,Cancer Risk Prediction in Women with Atypia

ROCHESTER, Minn., July 2, 2007-Women with at least three sites of cellular atypia in breast tissue are nearly eight times more likely than average women to develop breast cancer, according to findings of a Mayo Clinic Cancer Center led study of women with atypical hyperplasia. The findings are published in the July 1 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

Several previous studies have shown that atypical hyperplasia (also called atypia) in breast tissue is a major risk factor for breast cancer. Women who have a breast biopsy and are diagnosed with atypia are considered at high risk. Many are counseled to consider preventive medications such as tamoxifen or other risk-reducing approaches. However, questions remained from prior research on whether a positive family history further increases risk in women with atypia and for how long the increased risk in women with atypia lasts.

"The most commonly used tool for risk prediction in women with atypia is the Gail model, which may predict inaccurately because our study shows that family history does not change risk significantly in women with atypia," says Amy Degnim, M.D., a Mayo Clinic surgeon and study author. "Our findings indicate that women with atypia have a higher absolute risk for breast cancer than previously estimated. This risk is 25 percent over 25 years and is much higher in women with multiple areas of atypia and calcification." The Gail model predicts risk by using age at onset of menses, age at birth of first child, number of previous breast biopsies, presence of atypia, and number of close relatives with breast cancer.

While the Mayo Clinic study found that family history did not further increase risk, age at diagnosis of atypia did affect risk, with younger women (under age 45) more than twice as likely to develop breast cancer compared to women diagnosed with atypia after 55. The number of areas of atypical hyperplasia was signifi
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