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deCODE and SGENE Consortium Discover Deletions in the Human Genome Linked to Risk of Schizophrenia
Date:7/30/2008

agnosis and intervention. These discoveries also demonstrate one way in which we can use SNP-chips to find rarer genetic factors conferring risk of disease. In many disease areas we have had great success of late in identifying what these chips are best suited to find: common variants conferring relatively modest increases in risk. But we know that individuals with certain mental disorders such as schizophrenia tend to have few children, and thus that we may have to identify a larger number of rare but high risk variants to understand the genetic contribution to susceptibility. It is encouraging that our efforts to use SNP chips to detect rarer variations such as spontaneous deletions and duplications is now bearing fruit," said Kari Stefansson, CEO of deCODE.

In the recent wave of discoveries of risk variants for common diseases, those associated with mental disorders such as schizophrenia, autism and others have been conspicuously absent. This phenomenon, and the fact that people with these disorders tend to have few children, suggest that rarer and perhaps spontaneously generated variants may account for a greater proportion of the disease burden in these conditions than in others. SNP-chips are not well suited to finding rare SNPs but can, with sufficiently large sample sizes, be used to identify deletions and duplications -- known as copy number variations, or CNVs -- which can also be carried by healthy individuals in one generation and contribute to risk of disease in the next.

In order to identify novel CNVs, deCODE first analyzed the genomes of a total of approximately 15,000 parents and offspring taking part in deCODE gene discovery programs and who had been genotyped with the more than 300,000 SNPs on the HumanHap300 chip. The deCODE team discovered 66 de novo CNVs, that is, CNVs present in the genomic DNA of the offspring but not in that of their parents. deCODE then tested these variants for association with schizophrenia in more than 1,40
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