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GABA receptor channels 24
Glutamate receptor channels 24
Non-competitive NMDA antagonists 24
Serotonin receptors 25
G-protein coupled receptors 25
In vivo study of drug action in the CNS in human patients 25
Electroencephalography 25
Brain imaging 26
Chronopharmacology as applied to the CNS 26
2.Blood Brain Barrier 29
Introduction 29
Features of the blood-brain barrier relevant to CNS drug delivery 29
The neurovascular unit 29
Functions of the BBB 30
BBB as an anatomical as well as physiological barrier 30
BBB as a biochemical barrier 31
Genomics and proteomics of BBB 31
Other neural barriers 32
Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier 32
Blood nerve barrier 32
Blood-retinal barrier 32
Blood-labyrinth barrier 32
Passage of substances across the blood-brain barrier 33
Transporters localized in the BBB 33
Glucose transporter 34
Amino acid transporters 35
Ionic transporter 35
Efflux transport systems 35
BBB-specific enzymes 36
Receptor-mediated transcytosis 37
Lysophosphatidic acid-mediated increade in BBB permeability 37
Folate transport system 38
Molecular biology of the BBB 38
Transport of peptides and proteins across the BBB 38
Passage of leptin across the BBB 38
Passage of cytokines across the BBB 39
Passage of hormones across the BBB 39
Passage of enzymes across the BBB 40
Drugs that cross the BBB by binding to plasma proteins 40
Current concepts of the permeability of the BBB 40
Factors that increase the permeability of the BBB 41
BBB disruption as adverse effect of vaccines for CNS disorders 41
CNS disorders that affect the permeability of BBB 42
Neurodegenerative disorders 43
Mitochondrial encephalopathies 44
Multiple sclerosis
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