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TYPES OF GENERICS 17
"SIMPLE" GENERICS ... 17
Factors Influencing the Success or Failure of Generics . 18
Adequate Market Size .. 18
Patent-Expired Therapies 18
Older Products Still Used . 19
Long-Term Use . 19
Straightforward Production Technology .. 19
Drugs Used in Primary Care 20
SUPERGENERICS 20
BIOSIMILARS 21
Biosimilars (Continued) .. 22
TABLE 3 BIOLOGICS FACING THE LAUNCH OF BIOSIMILARS,
2001–2006 ... 23
Special Challenges ... 24
Special Challenges (Continued) .. 25
The Biosimilar Market 26
Some Biosimilar Developments and Introductions 26
EPO ... 26
G-CSF 26
Interferons . 26
HGH .. 27
Monoclonal Antibodies .. 27
Monoclonal … (Continued) 28
MAJOR GENERIC ISSUES . 29
REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT . 29
U.S. ... 29
TABLE 4 REQUIREMENTS FOR NDA AND ANDA APPLICATIONS . 30
U.S. (Continued) .. 31
European Union ... 32
EU Marketing Authorization Systems 32
• The Centralized Procedure .. 33
• Decentralized and Mutual Recognition
Procedures. 34
• Mutual-Recognition Procedure ... 34
Types of Applications 35
• Applications Under Article 10 (Generic
Products) ... 35
Japan 36
Approval (Shonin) of Pharmaceuticals 37
REGULATION OF BIOSIMILARS ... 37
EU Provisions .. 38
Evolving Situation in the U.S. 39
Hatch-Waxman and Bolar ... 39
Defensive Strategies by "Big Pharma" ... 40
"AUTHORIZED GENERICS" 41
User Fees . 42
A "Mood Swing" Toward Generics .. 43
The Situation in Europe .. 44
PATENTS AND IP 45
SUPPLEMENTARY PROTECTION CERTIFICATES 46
Supplementary Protection Certificates (Continued) .. 47
CHAPTER FIVE: THE GLOBAL PHARMACEUTIC
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