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LAS VEGAS, Dec. 16, 2010 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- American Pacific Corporation (Nasdaq: APFC) today reported financial results for its fiscal 2010 year and fourth quarter ended September 30, 2010.
We provide non-GAAP measures as a supplement to financial results based on GAAP. A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures is included in the accompanying supplemental data.
FINANCIAL SUMMARYYear Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2009
Quarter Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Quarter Ended September 30, 2009
The quarter and year ended September 30, 2009 include an after-tax environmental remediation charge of $8.2 million or $1.09 per diluted share.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONSRevenues – For the year ended September 30, 2010 ("Fiscal 2010"), revenues decreased 11% to $176.2 million as compared to the year ended September 30, 2009 ("Fiscal 2009"), reflecting a decrease in Fine Chemicals segment revenues of 27%, offset partially by an increase of 12% in Aerospace Equipment segment revenues. For our Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter, revenues decreased to $45.5 million as compared to the prior fiscal year fourth quarter, reflecting a 77% decline in Fine Chemicals segment revenues, partially offset by a 30% increase in Specialty Chemicals segment revenues.
See further discussion under Segment Highlights.
Cost of Revenues and Gross Margins – Fiscal 2010 cost of revenues was $121.5 million compared to $136.3 million for the prior fiscal year. The consolidated gross margin percentage was 31% for both Fiscal 2010 and Fiscal 2009. For our Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter, cost of revenues was $28.4 million compared to $42.0 million for the prior fiscal year fourth quarter. The consolidated gross margin percentage was 38% and 34% for our Fiscal 2010 and Fiscal 2009 fourth quarters, respectively.
One of the most significant factors that affects, and should continue to affect, the comparison of our consolidated gross margins from period to period is the change in revenue mix among our segments. The revenue contribution by each of our segments is indicated in the following table.Three Months EndedYear EndedSeptember 30,September 30,2010200920102009Fine Chemicals
14%
44%
40%
48%Specialty Chemicals
61%
33%
35%
32%Aerospace Equipment
23%
18%
21%
17%Other Businesses
2%
5%
4%
3%Total Revenues
100%
100%
100%
100%In addition, consolidated gross margins for our Fiscal 2010 periods reflect:
See further discussion of these factors under the heading Segment Highlights.
Operating Expenses – For Fiscal 2010, operating expenses increased $2.7 million to $48.0 million from $45.3 million for the prior fiscal year primarily as a result of:
For our Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter, operating expenses increased $0.3 million to $12.3 million from $12.0 million for the prior fiscal year fourth quarter.
See further discussion of these factors under the heading Segment Highlights.
SEGMENT HIGHLIGHTSFine Chemicals SegmentOur Fine Chemicals segment reflects the operating results of our wholly-owned subsidiaries Ampac Fine Chemicals LLC and AMPAC Fine Chemicals Texas, LLC (collectively, "AFC").
Year Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2009
Quarter Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Quarter Ended September 30, 2009
For Fiscal 2010, the decrease in Fine Chemicals segment revenues, compared to the prior fiscal year, primarily reflects declines in core product revenues from anti-viral products of 37%, central nervous system ("CNS") products of 44%, and oncology products of 14%. Anti-viral product revenues declined in Fiscal 2010, as compared to Fiscal 2009, as a result of an approximately 38% reduction in volume for the anti-viral product that was our largest core product in Fiscal 2009. The volume decline for this product is due to the timing of completing the development of a new manufacturing process that is the basis for a new three-year supply agreement with the customer. Deliveries of this product under the new agreement are expected to begin in early calendar year 2011. The new contract, which includes a "take or pay" provision, has a lower unit price for the product but at higher annual volumes. The decrease in CNS product revenues resulted from a customer advising us in May 2010 that they were deferring additional orders until calendar year 2011. We have received orders for this product for deliveries in the first quarter of calendar year 2011 and the customer has recently provided us with a non-binding forecast for orders for calendar year 2011 that reflects improvement over Fiscal 2010 levels. This contract includes a "take or pay" provision that results in payments that help offset lower order volumes. The decrease in oncology product revenues is primarily attributable to using certain manufacturing capacity for development products, as described below. Certain of these development products are active pharmaceutical ingredients used to make drugs with oncology indications.
Fiscal 2010 revenues from development products increased 130% as compared to Fiscal 2009. Historically, including both Fiscal 2009 and the year ended September 30, 2008, revenues from development products were approximately 5% of Fine Chemicals segment revenues. In Fiscal 2010, development product revenues increased to 15% of Fine Chemicals segment revenues. Development product revenues include revenues from research products, products which are not yet commercialized, and products which are commercial but for which we are not the current commercial producer. Typically, development product activities are the source for future core products. The products categorized as development products are used by our customers primarily for drugs with indications in anti-viral, CNS, oncology and pain management. Revenues in this category also include the milling of cytotoxic materials, a capability we added in Fiscal 2010.
Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter revenues were particularly affected by the annual factors discussed above. Production of Fiscal 2010 volumes was substantially completed during the first three quarters of the fiscal year which resulted in open capacity during the fourth quarter. In addition, certain capacity was intentionally idled during the Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter to allow for upgrades and maintenance in response to comments from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
The Fine Chemicals segment reported a Fiscal 2010 operating loss of $7.6 million. A significant portion of this loss was incurred in the Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter, largely due to the very low production volume. For Fiscal 2010, the gross margin percentage declined six points compared to the prior fiscal year. Reduced volume was the primary contributor to the reduction in Fine Chemicals segment gross margin as a percentage of segment revenues. In addition, the segment experienced several manufacturing inefficiencies including increases in cycle times for certain core products, higher than anticipated costs associated with validating a process change for a core product, and higher than anticipated efforts associated with certain development products.
Operating expenses increased $1.3 million in Fiscal 2010 as compared to Fiscal 2009. The increase is largely attributed to enhanced business development activities, as well as additional costs associated with our recently acquired facility in Texas.
Specialty Chemicals SegmentOur Specialty Chemicals segment revenues include the operating results from our perchlorate, sodium azide and Halotron product lines, with our perchlorate product lines comprising 90% and 88% of Specialty Chemicals segment revenues in Fiscal 2010 and Fiscal 2009, respectively.
Year Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2009
Quarter Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Quarter Ended September 30, 2009
The variances in Specialty Chemicals segment revenues reflect the following factors:
The decrease in total perchlorate volume for Fiscal 2010 reflects an approximately 50% decrease in Grade I ammonium perchlorate ("AP") space program-related volume, offset by increases in volume for our other perchlorate products. The Ares program was the most significant space program for Fiscal 2010, while the Space Shuttle Reusable Solid Rocket Motor (RSRM) program was the most significant space program in Fiscal 2009. Volumes for tactical and strategic missiles were consistent between the years. For the Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter, the increase in perchlorate volume, as compared to the prior year fourth quarter, reflects a difference in timing of perchlorate sales between the quarterly periods within each fiscal year.
The increases in average prices per pound of perchlorates reflect two offsetting factors:
Operating income as a percentage of segment revenues improved seven points for Fiscal 2010 as compared to the prior fiscal year primarily due to an increase in gross margin. Gross margins improved in Fiscal 2010 because Fiscal 2010 included a greater percentage of non-Grade I AP volume and Fiscal 2010 benefited from unique cost items such as lower utilities and production variances which are not expected to recur.
Aerospace Equipment SegmentOur Aerospace Equipment segment reflects the operating results of our wholly-owned subsidiary Ampac-ISP Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Year Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2009
Quarter Ended September 30, 2010 Compared to Quarter Ended September 30, 2009
Revenue growth of 12% for the Aerospace Equipment segment during Fiscal 2010, as compared to Fiscal 2009, was generated from both its U.S. and European operations. The primary growth component was revenue from sales of space propulsion engines, which increased 57% in Fiscal 2010 due largely to growth in the communication and commercial satellite markets. Aerospace Equipment segment revenues for the Fiscal 2010 fourth quarter decreased compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease reflects timing between the quarterly periods.
The Aerospace Equipment segment concluded Fiscal 2010 with a record high level of funded backlog of approximately $61.1 million as of September 30, 2010. In July 2010, our Aerospace Equipment segment, finalized a two year contract with OHB-System AG of Bremen, Germany, to produce fourteen propulsion modules for the full operational capability portion of the satellite-supported European navigation system program. The constellation of navigation satellites will provide GPS-type coverage for a wide variety of users throughout the world.
The Aerospace Equipment segment reported an operating loss of $0.3 million for Fiscal 2010. The gross margin percentage declined seven points primarily due to increases in estimated costs to complete certain systems contracts. These cost increases occurred primarily because engineering and design required more efforts than anticipated, as well as because there were certain quality issues with supplier product. Aerospace Equipment segment operating expenses increased $1.7 million in Fiscal 2010 as compared to Fiscal 2009, including additional research and development expenses and additional management and organizational structure required to support the business' growth. Research and development activities, which amounted to approximately $1.0 million, are focused in the area of product development, including aerospace valves and enhancements to our thruster engines.
CAPITAL AND LIQUIDITY HIGHLIGHTSLiquidity – As of September 30, 2010, we had cash balances of $24.0 million and no cash borrowings against our $20.0 million revolving credit line. In addition, we were in compliance with the various covenants contained in our credit agreements.
Operating Cash Flows – Operating activities provided cash of $20.8 million for Fiscal 2010 compared to $11.1 million for the prior fiscal year, resulting in an increase of $9.7 million.
Significant components of the change in cash flow from operating activities include:
The increase in cash provided by working capital is comprised primarily of the following factors. The Fine Chemicals segment accounted for approximately $6.0 million of the increase as working capital needs were reduced as a result of the lower business volume in Fiscal 2010. We anticipate that this trend will reverse as the Fine Chemicals segment business volume is expected to increase in the coming year. The Aerospace Equipment segment accounted for approximately $6.0 million of the increase, reflecting improvements in working capital management. The Other Businesses segment accounted for approximately $6.0 million of the increase as unusually high working capital balances as of September 30, 2009 returned to more normalized levels as of September 30, 2010.
We consider these working capital changes to be routine and within the normal production cycle of our products. The production of most fine chemical products requires a length of time that exceeds one quarter. In addition, the timing of Aerospace Equipment segment revenues recognized under the percentage-of-completion method differs from the timing of the related billings to customers. Therefore, in any given quarter, accounts receivable, work-in-progress inventory or deferred revenues can increase or decrease significantly. We expect that our working capital may vary normally by as much as $10.0 million from quarter to quarter.
In late Fiscal 2009, we commenced a project to engineer, design, and install additional equipment at our Henderson, Nevada remediation site. The increase in environmental remediation spending in Fiscal 2010 is due to this project.
Investing Cash Flows – Fiscal 2010 capital expenditures of $13.4 million reflect an increase of $3.9 million from capital expenditures of $9.5 million in Fiscal 2009. In April 2010, our Fine Chemicals segment expanded its manufacturing capacity through the purchase of a fine chemicals facility in La Porte, Texas at a total cost of approximately $1.2 million, including direct purchase costs. The purchase of this facility is accounted for as a capital expenditure.
Financing Cash Flows – In June 2010, we repurchased and cancelled $5.0 million in principal amount of our 9% Senior Notes for $4.9 million, which approximated our carrying value of the notes, net of deferred financing costs.
OUTLOOKFor the fiscal year ending September 30, 2011 ("Fiscal 2011"), we expect consolidated revenues of at least $195.0 million, reflecting the following:
Our guidance for Fiscal 2011 Adjusted EBITDA is at least $29.0 million, an improvement of more than 20% from Fiscal 2010. The increase reflects anticipated improvements in Fine Chemicals segment and Aerospace Equipment segment margins as they are expected to recover in the latter half of Fiscal 2011 from the profit impacts of Fiscal 2010 operational and capacity issues, as well as the anticipated benefits from our cost reduction and operational excellence initiative. Specialty Chemicals segment margins are expected to remain strong but decline in Fiscal 2011 as compared to Fiscal 2010. This is partially due to the anticipated reduction in Specialty Chemicals segment revenues in Fiscal 2011 and partially because unique items that benefitted Fiscal 2010 margins will not recur in Fiscal 2011.
A substantial portion of our anticipated revenues for Fiscal 2011 is currently in our backlog. However, the timing of our customer product requirements should result in at least 65% of our expected annual revenues for Fiscal 2011 occurring in the second half of the fiscal year. Consequently, we anticipate reporting a net loss through March 31, 2011, with the most significant loss expected to occur in our Fiscal 2011 first quarter. In addition, low Fine Chemicals segment manufacturing volume during the second half of calendar 2010 will continue to have a negative impact on expected margins for the first half of Fiscal 2011.
We are anticipating our capital expenditures, which do not include environmental remediation spending, for Fiscal 2011 to be approximately $16.0 million. Our expected capital expenditures in Fiscal 2011 are anticipated to include approximately $5.0 million for Fine Chemicals segment equipment that is required to support a recently-awarded, three-year, core product contract and approximately $2.0 million for upgrades to our Fine Chemicals segment facilities to satisfy recent FDA standards.
Our Fiscal 2011 guidance for Adjusted EBITDA is computed by adding estimated amounts for depreciation and amortization of $16.0 million, interest expense of $10.0 million, share-based compensation expense and other items of $1.0 million and income taxes of $1.0 million to estimated net income of $1.0 million.
INVESTOR TELECONFERENCEWe invite you to participate in a teleconference with our executive management covering our Fiscal 2010 financial results. The investor teleconference will be held Thursday December 16, 2010 at 1:30 p.m., Pacific Standard Time. The teleconference will include a presentation by management followed by a question and answer session. The teleconference can be accessed by dialing 866-277-1184 between 1:15 and 1:30 p.m., Pacific Standard Time. Please reference passcode #41565870. As is our customary practice, a live webcast of the teleconference is being provided by Thomson Reuters. A link to the webcast and the earnings release is available at our website at www.apfc.com, and will be available for replay until a few days before our next quarterly investor teleconference.
RISK FACTORS/FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTSThe unaudited financial results included in this release are preliminary. Statements contained in this earnings release that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including without limitation the statement regarding one of the significant factors that will affect comparisons of our consolidated gross margins in the future, the statements regarding anticipated product deliveries and orders in our Fine Chemicals segment for Fiscal 2011, the statement regarding the typical result of development product activities, the statement regarding the anticipated uses of the satellite supported European navigation system program, the statement regarding the anticipated trend reversal in Fine Chemicals segment working capital needs and anticipated related increase in business volume, statements regarding our working capital changes and future variations, and statements in the "Outlook" section of this earnings release. Words such as "expect", "anticipate", "should", "will", "can" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The inclusion of forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us that any of our expectations will be achieved. Actual results may differ materially from future results or outcomes expressed or implied by forward-looking statements set forth in the release due to risks, uncertainties and other important factors inherent in our business. Factors that might cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, the following:
Readers of this earnings release are referred to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2009, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended December 31, 2009, March 31, 2010, June 30, 2010 and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission for further discussion of these and other factors that could affect our future results. The forward-looking statements contained in this earnings release are made as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to update for actual results or to update the reasons why actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements, except as required by law. In addition, the operating results for the quarter and fiscal year ended September 30, 2010 and cash flows for the year ended September 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results that will be achieved for future periods.
ABOUT AMERICAN PACIFIC CORPORATIONAmerican Pacific Corporation (AMPAC) is a leading custom manufacturer of fine chemicals, specialty chemicals and propulsion products within its focused markets. We supply active pharmaceutical ingredients and advanced intermediates to the pharmaceutical industry. For the aerospace and defense industry we provide specialty chemicals used in solid rocket motors for space launch and military missiles. AMPAC also designs and manufactures liquid propulsion systems, valves and structures for space and missile defense applications. We produce clean agent chemicals for the fire protection industry, as well as electro-chemical equipment for the water treatment industry. Our products are designed to meet customer specifications and often must meet certain governmental and regulatory approvals. Additional information about us can be obtained by visiting our web site at www.apfc.com.AMERICAN PACIFIC CORPORATIONCondensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited, Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Amounts)Three Months EndedYear EndedSeptember 30,September 30,2010200920102009Revenues
$
45,486
$
3,594
$
76,192
$
97,148Cost of Revenues
28,423
42,035
121,477
136,295Gross Profit
17,063
21,559
54,715
60,853Operating Expenses
12,348
12,030
48,045
45,325Environmental Remediation Charges
-
13,700
-
13,700Operating Income (Loss)
4,715
(4,171)
6,670
1,828Interest and Other Income, Net
604
76
45
146Interest Expense
2,554
2,674
10,656
10,735Income (Loss) before Income Tax
2,765
(6,769)
(3,941)
(8,761)Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
1,145
(2,175)
(664)
(2,802)Net Income (Loss)
$
,620
$
(4,594)
$
(3,277)
$
(5,959)Earnings (Loss) per Share:Basic
$
.22
$
(0.61)
$
(0.44)
$
(0.80)Diluted
$
.22
$
(0.61)
$
(0.44)
$
(0.80)Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:Basic
7,492,000
7,483,000
7,490,000
7,482,000Diluted
7,532,000
7,483,000
7,490,000
7,482,000AMERICAN PACIFIC CORPORATIONCondensed Consolidated Balance Sheets(Unaudited, Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Amounts)September 30,20102009ASSETSCurrent Assets:Cash and Cash Equivalents
$
23,985
$
21,681Accounts Receivable, Net
51,900
44,028Inventories
36,126
36,356Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets
1,542
1,811Income Taxes Receivable
2,802
2,148Deferred Income Taxes
10,672
6,317Total Current Assets
127,027
112,341Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
113,873
114,645Intangible Assets, Net
1,420
3,553Goodwill
2,933
3,144Deferred Income Taxes
20,254
21,121Other Assets
10,236
10,037TOTAL ASSETS
$
275,743
$
264,841LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITYCurrent Liabilities:Accounts Payable
$
9,197
$
7,444Accrued Liabilities
8,062
5,295Accrued Interest
1,575
1,650Employee Related Liabilities
6,472
6,930Income Taxes Payable
193
189Deferred Revenues and Customer Deposits
18,769
6,911Current Portion of Environmental Remediation Reserves
8,694
2,522Current Portion of Long-Term Debt
70
151Total Current Liabilities
53,032
31,092Long-Term Debt
105,102
110,097Environmental Remediation Reserves
15,176
24,168Pension Obligations
37,161
27,720Other Long-Term Liabilities
1,615
667Total Liabilities
212,086
193,744Commitments and ContingenciesShareholders' EquityPreferred Stock - $1.00 par value; 3,000,000 authorized; none outstanding
-
-Common Stock - $0.10 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized,7,543,091 and 7,504,591 issued and outstanding
754
750Capital in Excess of Par Value
73,091
72,322Retained Earnings
6,720
9,997Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
(16,908)
(11,972)Total Shareholders' Equity
63,657
71,097TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
$
275,743
$
264,841AMERICAN PACIFIC CORPORATIONCondensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows(Unaudited, Dollars in Thousands)Year EndedSeptember 30,20102009Cash Flows from Operating Activities:Net Loss
$
(3,277)
$
(5,959)Adjustments to Reconcile Net Lossto Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:Depreciation and amortization
16,445
16,166Non-cash interest expense
572
632Share-based compensation
780
767Deferred income taxes
(565)
(2,405)Loss on sale of assets
12
76Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Accounts receivable, net
(7,834)
(14,437)Inventories
270
2,974Prepaid expenses and other current assets
281
1,620Accounts payable
1,434
(3,474)Income taxes
(635)
(266)Accrued liabilities
2,775
(359)Accrued interest
(75)
-Employee related liabilities
(490)
(461)Deferred revenues and customer deposits
11,932
2,195Environmental remediation reserves
(2,820)
12,412Pension obligations, net
1,819
1,346Other
151
315Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
20,775
11,142Cash Flows from Investing Activities:Capital expenditures
(13,362)
(9,458)Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired
-
(6,725)Other investing activities
10
-Net Cash Used by Investing Activities
(13,352)
(16,183)Cash Flows from Financing Activities:Payments of long-term debt
(5,064)
(348)Issuances of common stock, net
11
32Net Cash Used by Financing Activities
(5,053)
(316)Effect of Changes in Currency Exchange Rates on Cash
(66)
145Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents
2,304
(5,212)Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
21,681
26,893Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
$
23,985
$
21,681AMERICAN PACIFIC CORPORATIONSupplemental Data (Unaudited, Dollars in Thousands)Three Months EndedYear EndedSeptember 30,September 30,2010200920102009Operating Segment Data:Revenues:Fine Chemicals
$
,504
$
27,718
$
9,632
$
95,484Specialty Chemicals
27,554
21,270
62,611
62,210Aerospace Equipment
10,468
11,511
37,608
33,488Other Businesses
960
3,095
6,341
5,966Total Revenues
$
45,486
$
3,594
$
76,192
$
97,148Segment Operating Income (Loss):Fine Chemicals
$
(6,885)
$
2,669
$
(7,583)
$
2,299Specialty Chemicals
15,431
9,708
30,571
26,189Aerospace Equipment
192
1,441
(265)
3,012Other Businesses
28
31
(206)
195Total Segment Operating Income
8,766
13,849
22,517
31,695Corporate Expenses
(4,051)
(4,320)
(15,847)
(16,167)Environmental Remediation Charge
-
(13,700)
-
(13,700)Operating Income (Loss)
$
4,715
$
(4,171)
$
,670
$
,828Depreciation and Amortization:Fine Chemicals
$
3,275
3,318
$
2,997
12,943Specialty Chemicals
557
323
1,148
1,274Aerospace Equipment
410
429
1,649
1,461Other Businesses
4
3
16
12Corporate
219
122
635
476Total Depreciation and Amortization
$
4,465
$
4,195
$
,445
$
,166Segment EBITDA (a):Fine Chemicals
$
(3,610)
$
5,987
$
5,414
$
5,242Specialty Chemicals
15,988
10,031
31,719
27,463Aerospace Equipment
602
1,870
1,384
4,473Other Businesses
32
34
(190)
207Total Segment EBITDA
13,012
17,922
38,327
47,385Less: Corporate Expenses, Excluding Depreciation
(3,832)
(4,198)
(15,212)
(15,691)Plus: Share-based Compensation
145
293
780
767Plus: Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net
604
76
45
146Adjusted EBITDA (b)
$
9,929
$
4,093
$
23,940
$
32,607Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA (b):Net Income (Loss)
$
,620
$
(4,594)
$
(3,277)
$
(5,959)Add Back:Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
1,145
(2,175)
(664)
(2,802)Interest Expense
2,554
2,674
10,656
10,735Depreciation and Amortization
4,465
4,195
16,445
16,166Share-based Compensation
145
293
780
767Environmental Remediation Charge
-
13,700
-
13,700Adjusted EBITDA
$
9,929
$
4,093
$
23,940
$
32,607(a)
Segment EBITDA is defined as segment operating income (loss) plus depreciation and amortization.(b)
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit), interest expense, depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation and environmental remediation charges (if any).Segment EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to income (loss) from operations as performance measures. Each EBITDA measure is presented solely as a supplemental disclosure because management believes that each is a useful performance measure that is widely used within the industries in which we operate. In addition, EBITDA measures are significant measurements for covenant compliance under our revolving credit facility. Each EBITDA measure is not calculated in the same manner by all companies and, accordingly, may not be an appropriate measure for comparison.
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