( Researchers from Boston's Dana Farber C...)New lung cancer vaccine on the anvil,Health

Researchers from Boston's Dana Farber Cancer Institute, led by Glenn Dranoff, MD,have reported in the February issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology that vaccines made from patients' own tumors are safe and future enhancements could make them a powerful new treatment for deadly cancers. Researchers claim that the tumors grow out of control when the T-cells -- which orchestrate immune system attacks -- ignore them. In the new study researchers have developed a vaccine that gets the attention of the T-cells// and makes them target the tumors.

In a pilot study, the researchers treated 35 patients whose non-small-cell lung cancers were spreading despite chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Tumors removed from their lungs during surgery were ground up into individual cells. The cells were then bioengineered to make a T-cell alerting chemical signal. Patients got injections of this vaccine once or twice a week.

Lead researcher Dranoff said that this is the first time a vaccine has been developed against lung cancer and the phase I study showed positive results. The patient specific vaccine produced very minor reactions in contrast to conventional treatments for cancer. There was also the suggestion of some encouraging clinical findings in a minority of patients. For two patients, after successful surgical removal of the lung tumors, after three and half years of vaccine treatment, they remained cancer free. Five other patients had stable disease for 33, 19, 12, 10, and three months after vaccine treatment. Anti-tumor immune responses were seen in 18 of 22 patients. Nine of the patients had to leave the study early because of rapid disease progression. Dranoff said that the vaccine, as a single agent approach, would be potentially much more useful in patients in the early stages of lung cancer. It might be considered for testing in lung-cancer patients after their original tumor is removed. In the setting of advanced disease, we are going to exa
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