The United Nations is pressing ahead with its campaign against pollution and global warming, whatever George W Bush or other skeptics might say.

It has now come out with a report warning that desertification represents one of the "greatest environmental challenge of our times" and could set off mass migrations of people fleeing degraded homelands.

The report called on governments in arid regions to revise rules on land use to halt overgrazing and unsustainable irrigation practices. It also urged better coordinated policies to address the problem of desertification.

It said about 2 billion people, a third of the Earth's population, are potential victims of desertification, which is defined as land degraded by human activities like farming and grazing.

If the problem is left unchecked, some 50 million people could be forced from their homes over the next decade, the report said.

"It is imperative that effective policies and sustainable agricultural practices be put in place to reverse the decline of dry lands," says Hans van Ginkel, a professor at the United Nations University, which produced the report.

"Addressing desertification is a critical and essential part of adapting to climate change and mitigating global biodiversity losses," Van Ginkel said.

The report, the work of more than 200 experts from 25 countries, said policies on preventing desertification are often inconsistent, frequently not implemented at local levels or inadvertently fuel conflict over land, water and other resources.

Funding is also a problem, with major donor nations cutting funding by 29 percent at the last Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in 2005, the report said.

"What is happening is that policy makers and politicians are not aware of the gravity of the situation. They are not putting in adequate resource to meet the challenge," said Zaf
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