n through an IV, along with enough glucose to maintain safe body levels. The dose of the insulin was "clamped," meaning that it was held at a certain amount. Researchers then measured the amount of glucose needed. Lower amounts of glucose processed by the body indicated insulin resistance.

At the time of the second measurements, researchers found a significant correlation between insulin resistance and systolic blood pressure in the boys. Systolic blood pressure is the top number in a blood pressure reading. This measurement represents the highest level of the blood's pressure within the artery walls and corresponds to the contraction of the heart's main pumping chambers (ventricles). Higher insulin resistance was related to a higher systolic blood pressure in the the15-year-old boys.

Researchers also found that insulin resistance in adolescents was linked to a decrease of "good" HDL cholesterol and an increase of triglycerides. In addition, the correlation between high blood pressure and insulin resistance was directly affected by levels of obesity.

While researchers were unable to determine the reason why the boys' data differed from the girls', they speculated that it may relate to an overall early risk, which is higher in males than females. Researchers also noted that the ages of 14 to 16 is a time span when many boys go through puberty. They went on to suggest that a healthy diet, regular exercise and weight control in adolescents can help to postpone or prevent serious health problems as adults.


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