( Risk factors such as insulin resistance...)Cardiac diseases develop early,Health

Risk factors such as insulin resistance and high blood pressure begin to take their toll on the body as early as age 14, say researchers according to a recent study. The study was In adults, high blood pressure is linked to an increased risk of heart attack, stroke and kidney disease. Researchers wanted to determine if high blood pressure is related to other heart disease risk factors seen in adolescents, such as insulin resistance, obesity and high cholesterol.//

Insulin resistance is a condition in which the body's cells are less responsive to insulin,the hormone that helps the body's tissues absorb nourishment (glucose). Unlike diabetes, in which the body cannot create enough insulin, people with insulin resistance have plenty of insulin but their bodies do not use it properly. Glucose levels therefore remain high, which causes more insulin to be released by the pancreas. As a result, people with insulin resistance often end up having too much insulin circulating in the blood. Insulin resistance may lead to diabetes and a cluster of factors including insulin resistance (called Metabolic Syndrome X) has been linked to an increased risk of heart disease.

Researchers measured obesity, insulin resistance, blood pressure and cholesterol levels of 324 boys and girls. Measurements were taken when the young people were 14 and again when they were 16. Obesity levels were measured using a body mass index (BMI) calculation. BMI is the person's weight in kilograms divided by their height in meters squared (wt/ht2). Researchers classified those with a BMI of 25 or greater as overweight while those with a BMI of 30 or greater were considered obese. Cholesterol and triglycerides were measured with a total cholesterol blood test, including levels of HDL (good) cholesterol, LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides.

Insulin resistance was measured through a process called an insulin clamp study. Participants were given a steady infusion on insuli
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