( Alterations in the brain of schizophren...)Brain changes in schizophrenia to be analyzed,Health

Alterations in the brain of schizophrenic people and the possible link between these changes and the disease will be studied by a team from the Wake Forest University School of Medicine// .

Comparison of post-mortem brain tissue from people diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with the tissue from normal people will be done by the team under a 5-year $1.1 million grant from the National Institute of Mental Health.

The principal investigator, Scott E. Hemby, Ph.D., said the research focuses on the brain's temporal lobe, particularly on structures called the hippocampus, subicullum and entorhinal cortex that are involved in learning and memory.

"The temporal lobe is one of the primary brain regions known to be functionally altered in schizophrenia," said Hemby, associate professor of physiology and pharmacology. Changes in gene and proteins in this region have "a profound and significant influence on brain function."

Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness affecting approximately 1 percent of the population with clinical manifestations generally appearing in late adolescence and early adulthood. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, disorders of feelings and general loss of the ability to function in everyday life.

Bipolar disorder affects roughly the same number of people, characterized by alternating episodes of mania – mental and physical hyperactivity – and depression, and was formerly called manic-depression.

Hemby and colleagues will use state-of-the-art genomic and proteomic methods to evaluate the expression of all genes in the temporal lobe as well as the majority of proteins that are expressed. Proteomics refers to the analysis of expressed proteins.

The post-mortem brain tissue to be studied is provided by two internationally renowned brain banks, the Stanley Brain Research Laboratory at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Md, a
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