Physical activity after a high-fat meal not only reverses the arterial dysfunction caused by fatty foods but improves the function //of these same arteries compared to before the meal, according to new research from Indiana University.

The findings, reported in the European Journal of Applied Physiology, are part of a growing focus on the effect food has on the body after the meal -- also known as the postprandial state. After a fatty meal, arteries lose their ability to expand in response to an increase in blood flow, with the effect peaking four to six hours after eating -- just in time for the next meal.

"What happens four hours after that high-fat meal is that your artery looks just like the arteries of a person who has heart disease," said co-author Janet P. Wallace, professor in IU Bloomington's Department of Kinesiology. "What our study showed is that when you exercise after that meal, it doesn't look like a sick artery anymore."

The postprandial state is an important period to study, Wallace said, because of the amount of time people spend in it throughout their day, and its influence on conditions such as diabetes and heart disease. The research examined whether physical activity lessened the well-documented impairment of vascular endothelial function -- the ability of the vessel to expand in response to an increase in blood flow -- after a high-fat meal.

"The impairment of endothelial function after a fatty meal is a key factor in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of illness and death in Western society," said lead author Jaume Padilla, a doctoral student in IU Bloomington's Department of Kinesiology. "Results from this study suggest that physical activity may be effective in reversing the adverse vascular effects observed following the consumption of a high-fat meal."

Wallace said the oxidation of high-fat meals causes oxidative stress markers th
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