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JCI online early table of contents: June 13, 2011
Date:6/13/2011

KLF4 as a gene regulatory factor that controls macrophage polarization, a finding with broad clinical implications because levels of KLF4 can be modulated by several drugs in clinical use (e.g., statins) and dietary components (e.g., broccoli).

Jain and colleagues found that KLF4 promotes the emergence of M2 characteristics and inhibits the emergence of M1 characteristics in both human and mouse macrophages. Importantly, mice lacking KLF4 in macrophages were predisposed to developing diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, and resistance to the effects of the hormone insulin (all factors that lead to the development of type 2 diabetes, a disease associated with inflammation). Furthermore, expression of KLF4 was markedly less in fat tissue from obese individuals than that from lean individuals. The team therefore suggests that modulating KLF4 levels might provide a therapeutic approach for a broad spectrum of medical conditions linked to inflammation, including type 2 diabetes.

TITLE: Krppel-like factor 4 regulates macrophage polarization

AUTHOR CONTACT:
Mukesh K. Jain
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Phone: 216.368.3607; Fax: 216.368.0556; E-mail: Mukesh.jain2@case.edu.

View this article at: http://www.jci.org/articles/view/45444?key=060cd4552af627456518

IMMUNOLOGY: Immune cells Vent(X) their feelings

Macrophages are cells of the immune system that play critical roles in defense against invading microbes and inflammation. While many of the signals that trigger the generation of tissue macrophages from blood cells known as monocytes have been determined, the gene regulatory mechanisms that these signals activate have not been. However, a team of researchers, led by Zhenglun Zhu, at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Bos
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Contact: Karen Honey
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Journal of Clinical Investigation
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