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Fast track to vascular disease
Date:6/3/2011

In Western societies, atherosclerosis of the arteries is one of the leading causes of death. Chronic, localized inflammation of the blood vessel wall facilitates the growth of fibrous plaques, which leads to narrowing or occlusion of the vessel, and thereby promotes heart attacks and stroke. The persistence of the inflammatory reaction is due to a loss of control over the activity of the immune system. So-called dendritic cells are known to play a central role in the adaptive immune response, functioning as activators of other classes of immune cells. Their precise contribution to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has, however, been unclear. An international team of researchers led by Professor Christian Weber of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt (LMU) Munich and Privatdozentin Alma Zernecke of Wrzburg University has now demonstrated that dendritic cells release the chemokine CCL17 as a signal molecule, which inhibits a feedback mechanism that normally limits the activity of the immune system. This explains why the normally transient inflammatory response is not turned off and becomes chronic. The new study has also identified a potential antidote to the signal molecule. As Professor Weber reports, "We were able to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis using an antibody raised against CCL17." In other words, CCL17 offers a promising starting point for the development of new therapeutic strategies. (Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1 June 2011)

Atherosclerosis can become manifest in various ways. In particular, plaques may suddenly rupture, promoting the formation of a clot that occludes the vessel. If this afflicts the vessels of the heart or brain the result is a heart attack or a stroke. The narrowing of vessels caused by plaque growth can also lead to reduction of the blood supply to the lower limbs and to so-called vascular dementia. Atherosclerosis is initiated by lipid accumulation that occurs directly beneath the inner lining of the
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Contact: Dr. Christian Weber
kreislaufinstitut@med.uni-muenchen.de
49-895-160-4350
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt Mnchen
Source:Eurekalert

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