om occurring and to effectively get rid of head lice. But preventing head lice first and foremost means reducing their ability to spread between people, Flinders and Altschuler said. That includes:
- Maintaining appropriate personal space -- something nearly impossible to reinforce among young children.
- Having shorter hair. "Girls with longer hair are more likely to pick up head lice than boys or girls with shorter hair," Flinders said.
- Checking a child's hair regularly for lice or lice eggs, which are also called nits. "If you wait, or you don't know to be diligent, you may find yourself with a lot tougher problem," Altschuler said.
Her association recommends that parents comb their children's hair a couple times a week, or at bath time, using a special fine-toothed comb able to sweep lice and nits out of a child's hair.
"We say comb first because a quality comb is a wonderful tool to help you remove what you can't even see," she said.
Even with these precautions, a child might still get head lice. In that case, parents need to shift into treatment mode quickly.
Most doctors recommend using over-the-counter or prescription lice treatments that contain mild pesticides such as pyrethrins, which are extracted from chrysanthemums. "They appear to be pretty safe for humans, except for infants," Flinders said. "It is difficult to eradicate an infestation without resorting to pesticides."
However, Altschuler's group is among those who don't like the idea of using such treatments.
"It's one of the only times a parent would directly apply a pesticide to their child," Altschuler said. "Parents need to get to the problem as early as possible so they can avoid the use of chemicals or pesticides."
Instead, she recommends that parents brush the lice and nits out of an infested child's hair. It's a painstaking process that must be repeated daily because a new infestation can easily occur if any nits or
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