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Winemaking waste proves effective against disease-causing bacteria in early studies
Date:1/2/2008

n the University of Rochester Medical Center and the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station at Cornell University. Both institutions, with access to Finger Lakes wineries, have been looking at how compounds found in wine grapes impact human oral health. Together, they won a U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) grant in December 2005 to study the influence of grape polyphenols on oral bacteria, and todays publication is an early result.

Along with the potential value for medicine, the discovery that the waste products of winemaking may be useful in drug-making has economic implications. Grapes are one of the worlds largest fruit crops, with more than 80 percent of grapes used to make wine. Fermented winemaking waste, called pomace, contains at least as many polyphenols as whole fruit, eliminating the need to use up perfectly good food to make any future drugs. Accordingly, the USDA is especially interested in the idea of bioprospecting in the winery versus the rainforest.

Study Details

Koo, who conducts his research at the Eastman Dental Center, concluded early in his career as an oral biologist that there are biochemical implications of foods on oral health other than to say sugar is bad for teeth. In recent years, his and other labs have examined whether chemicals from cranberries, cocoa and grapes for instance have a therapeutic effect on bacterial pathogens. All contain polyphenols and the race is on to determine which may be the most useful medically.

The goal of the current study was to examine the make-up of polyphenols in red wine grape varieties and their ability to interfere with Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), the bacteria that produces the substances most responsible for tooth decay: acid and the building blocks (glucans) of a dental biofilm called plaque.

Researchers prepared polyphenolic extracts from harvest season 2005 red wine grape varieties and pomace from wineries in the Finger Lak
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Contact: Greg Williams
Greg_Williams@urmc.rochester.edu
University of Rochester Medical Center
Source:Eurekalert

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